 | | Vol. 10.16 – 27 April, 2022 |
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| Researchers developed a chimeric receptor-binding domain (RBD)-dimer vaccine approach to adapt SARS-CoV-2 variants. Compared with its homotypic forms, the chimeric vaccine elicited broader sera neutralization of variants and conferred better protection in mice.
[Cell] |
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 | | PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal |
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| Investigators evaluated anti–SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain and neutralizing antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccines longitudinally over six months in patients with cancer undergoing treatment or who received a stem cell transplant.
[JAMA Oncology] |
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| Scientists analyzed the degree to which Omicron pseudovirus evaded neutralization by serum or therapeutic antibodies.
[Science Translational Medicine] |
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| The authors examined the sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant sub-lineages and other major variants to neutralizing antibodies from mRNA-vaccinated and boosted individuals, as well as recovered COVID-19 patients, including those infected with Omicron.
[Cell Host & Microbe] |
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| Investigators showed that viral infection induced progesterone via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in mice.
[Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy] |
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| Researchers measured different plasm antibody levels two and twelve months after disease onset, including anti-RBD, anti-N, total neutralizing antibodies, and two neutralizing-antibody clusters.
[Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy] |
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| Employing a genome-scale CRISPR screen, scientists provided a comprehensive data-set of cellular factors that were exploited by wild type SARS-CoV-2 as well as two additional recently emerged variants of concerns, Alpha and Beta.
[Nature Communications] |
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| Using a dataset of ∼5,000 strains representing global Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex diversity, the authors determined the past and present selective forces that have shaped the current variability observed in the pathogen population.
[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America] |
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| In an exploratory trial treating “long COVID” with the C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5)-binding antibody leronlimab, investigators observed significantly increased blood cell surface CCR5 in treated symptomatic responders but not in nonresponders or placebo-treated participants.
[Clinical Infectious Diseases] |
| | MORE IMMUNOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE |
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| Scientists revealed a type of bacterial immune deviation by increasing nutrient supply and uncovered a mechanism of allergic sensitization by a bacterial virulence factor.
[Immunity] |
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| The authors presented a population genomic analysis of 218 A. fumigatus isolates from across the UK and Ireland comprising 153 clinical isolates from 143 patients and 65 environmental isolates.
[Nature Microbiology] |
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| Researchers showed that Ebola virus VP35, a cofactor of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, bound human A kinase interacting protein (AKIP1), which consequently activated protein kinase A (PKA) and the PKA-downstream transcription factor CREB1.
[Nature Communications] |
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| Investigators interrogated the role of miRNAs in CD8 T cells responding to acutely resolved or chronic viral infection and identified miR-29a as a key regulator of exhausted CD8 T cells.
[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America] |
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| Scientists showed that internal influenza virus proteins were released from infected cells. Among these proteins, nucleoprotein played a critical role in viral pathogenesis by stimulating neighboring cells through toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR4, and the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome.
[Cellular & Molecular Immunology] |
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| Investigators profiled the blood immune system in patients, with or without prior malaria exposure, over 1 year after acute symptomatic Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
[Cell Reports] |
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| The authors discuss the latest advances in our understanding of C. difficile physiology that have contributed to its success as a pathogen, including its versatile survival factors and ability to adapt to unique niches.
[Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology] |
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| Scientists discuss the heterologous effects of vaccines against infections and detail the latest insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating trained immunity.
[Trends in Molecular Medicine] |
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| Cocrystal Pharma, Inc. announced a non-clinical evaluation agreement with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases for exploratory preclinical studies to evaluate the potential of Cocrystal’s 3CL protease inhibitors for the treatment of COVID-19.
[Cocrystal Pharma, Inc.] |
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| NRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that it has filed a new breakthrough therapy designation request with the US FDA focused on a subgroup of patients with Critical COVID-19 that in addition to aviptadil or placebo were also treated with remdesivir.
[NRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] |
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| Direct Biologics announced that the FDA has approved the company to proceed with its Phase III clinical trial using its investigational EV drug, ExoFlo, to treat ARDS due to COVID-19.
[Direct Biologics] |
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| Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc. announced that it has received clearance from the FDA for its investigational new drug application for intravenous STI-9167 to study the safety and pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers.
[Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc.] |
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| The Biden administration announced a series of initiatives aimed at increasing the use of antiviral pills to treat COVID-19, with a particular focus on Pfizer’s Paxlovid.
[STAT News] |
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| June 12 – 17, 2022
Newport, Rhode Island, United States |
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| | New York University College of Dentistry – New York, New York, United States |
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| | Francis Crick Institute – London, England, United Kingdom |
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| | The Pirbright Institute – Pirbright, England, United Kingdom |
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| | Uppsala University – Uppsala, Sweden |
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| | The University of British Columbia – Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada |
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