Immunology of Infectious Disease News Volume 10.34 | Aug 31 2022

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    2022-08-31 | IIDN 10.34


    Immunology of Infectious Disease News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 10.34 – 31 August, 2022
    TOP STORY

    The Association of Baseline Plasma SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Antigen Level and Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

    Scientists evaluated whether levels of plasma antigen could predict short-term clinical outcomes and identified clinical and viral factors associated with plasma antigen levels in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2.
    [Annals of internal Medicine]

    Full ArticlePress Release

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    A Potent Neutralizing Antibody Provides Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta Variants via Nasal Delivery

    The authors characterized a human antibody, which they previously isolated from a patient, with a broadly authentic virus-neutralizing activity that inhibited the Delta and Omicron variants with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations of 1.69 ng/ml and 54.31 ng/ml, respectively.
    [Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy]

    Full Article

    Comparison of Replicating and Nonreplicating Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2

    Researchers tested the utility of replication in a vaccine by comparing replication-defective adenovirus and replicating single-cycle adenovirus vaccines that expressed the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
    [Science Advances]

    Full Article

    Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Uncovers the Nuclear Decoy LincRNA PIRAT as a Regulator of Systemic Monocyte Immunity during COVID-19

    Investigators employed a targeted single-cell RNA sequencing approach to reveal long noncoding RNAs differentially expressed in blood leukocytes during severe COVID-19.
    [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]

    Full Article

    A Universal SARS-CoV DNA Vaccine Inducing Highly Crossreactive Neutralizing Antibodies and T Cells

    Scientists designed a more universal SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccine containing receptor binding domain loops from the huCoV-19/WH01, the Alpha, and the Beta variants, combined with the membrane and nucleoproteins.
    [EMBO Molecular Medicine]

    AbstractFull ArticlePress Release

    A Genetically Engineered Plasmodium falciparum Parasite Vaccine Provides Protection from Controlled Human Malaria Infection

    The authors assessed the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of the PfGAP3KO vaccine and tested its efficacy against controlled human malaria infection in malaria-naïve subjects.
    [Science Translational Medicine]

    Abstract

    Limited Impact of Fingolimod Treatment during the Initial Weeks of ART in SIV-Infected Rhesus Macaques

    Fingolimod was administered to Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques at the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to block the egress from lymphoid tissues of natural killer and T cells, thereby promoting proximity between cytolytic cells and infected CD4+ T cells.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    Tackling Recalcitrant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections in Critical Illness via Anti-Virulence Monotherapy

    Investigators showed that MvfR promoted intestinal permeability and reported potent anti-MvfR compounds, the N-Aryl Malonamides, resulting from extensive structure-activity-relationship studies and thorough assessment of the inhibition of MvfR-controlled virulence functions.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    Long Noncoding RNA CHROMR Regulates Antiviral Immunity in Humans

    Researchers reported that the primate-specific lncRNA CHROMR was induced by influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2 infection and coordinated the expression of interferon-stimulated genes that executed antiviral responses.
    [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]

    Full Article

    Time-Resolved Transcriptomes Reveal Diverse B Cell Fate Trajectories in the Early Response to Epstein-Barr Virus Infection

    Scientists used single-cell transcriptomics to construct a genome-wide multistate model of B cell fates upon Epstein-Barr virus infection.
    [Cell Reports]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Dysfunctional Glymphatic System with Disrupted Aquaporin 4 Expression Pattern on Astrocytes Causes Bacterial Product Accumulation in the CSF during Pneumococcal Meningitis

    Researchers showed that during pneumococcal meningitis, the glymphatic system did not function because of a detachment of the astrocytic end feet from the blood-brain barrier vascular endothelium, which led to misplacement of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) with the consequent loss of the AQP4 water channel’s functionality.
    [Microbial Pathogenesis]

    Full ArticlePress Release

    Single-Cell Immune Repertoire Sequencing of B and T Cells in Murine Models of Infection and Autoimmunity

    The authors recovered transcriptome and immune repertoire information for polyclonal T follicular helper cells following lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection and B and T cells isolated from the nervous system in the context of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
    [Genes & Immunity]

    Full Article

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    REVIEWS

    Staphylococcus epidermidis and Its Dual Lifestyle in Skin Health and Infection

    Scientists highlight new developments in our understanding of S. epidermidis strain diversity, skin colonization dynamics, and its multifaceted interactions with the host and other members of the skin microbiota.
    [Nature Reviews Microbiology]

    Abstract

    Food for Thought – ILC Metabolism in the Context of Helminth Infections

    The authors review the intricate interplay between helminth infections and type 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) biology and discuss the host metabolic adaptation to helminth infections and the metabolic pathways fueling ILC2 responses.
    [Mucosal Immunology]

    Full Article

    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    NIAID/NIH Recognizes the Potency of UB-421 against Multi-Drug Resistant HIV and Receives the FDA Approval to Conduct a Phase II Clinical Trial with UB-421

    United BioPharma announced that the US FDA has approved a Phase II clinical trial IND submitted by the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) of the NIH.
    [United BioPharma (Cision US, Inc.)]

    Press Release

    Kinarus Therapeutics Initiates KIN001 Phase II KINFAST Clinical Trial in COVID-19 Outpatients

    Kinarus Therapeutics Holding AG announced that the first patient has been dosed in the Phase II KINFAST trial, a multicenter placebo-controlled trial evaluating KIN001 in mild or moderate COVID-19 patients in an outpatient setting.
    [Kinarus Therapeutics Holding AG]

    Press Release

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    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Principal Scientific Researcher – Infectious Disease Immunology

    Genentech, Inc. – South San Francisco, California, United States

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    Technical University of Denmark – Lyngby, Denmark

    Research Technologist – Tissue and Cell Biology

    STEMCELL Technologies, Inc. – Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Histology Scientist – Personalized Immunotherapy Program

    Melanoma Institute Australia – Sydney, Australia

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Immunotherapies against Cancer and Infectious Diseases

    University of Michigan – Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

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