 | | Vol. 10.46 – 7 December, 2022 |
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| Using a pseudotype virus entry assay, scientists found that NeoCoV and its close relative, PDF-2180, could efficiently bind to and use specific bat ACE2 orthologues and, less favorably, human ACE2 as entry receptors through their receptor-binding domains on the spike proteins.
[Nature] |
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| PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal |
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| Using primary nasal epithelial organoid cultures, researchers found the SARS-CoV-2 attached to motile cilia via the ACE2 receptor, then traversed the mucus layer, using motile cilia as tracks to access the cell body.
[Cell] |
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| Scientists compared several enzymatically inactive, Fc effector–silenced ACE2-Fc decoys. Inclusion of the ACE2 collectrin-like domain not only improved affinity for the spike protein, but also unexpectedly extended serum half-life and was necessary to reduce disease severity and viral titer in Syrian hamsters.
[Science Advances] |
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| The authors showed that in patient cohorts with different severities of COVID-19, baseline plasma interferon α measures differed according to the immunoassay used, timing of sampling, the interferon α subtype measured, and the presence of autoantibodies.
[Nature Communications] |
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| Researchers observed delayed induction and reduced magnitude of vaccine-induced antibody titers in children 5-11 years receiving two doses of the age-recommended 10 μg dose of the Pfizer SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine, compared to adolescents or adults receiving the 30 μg dose.
[NPJ Vaccines] |
| | MORE IMMUNOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE |
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| The safety, immunogenicity, and vaccine efficacy of a three-dose regimen were assessed in adults in Balonghin, Burkina Faso in a two-component study: an open-label dose escalation trial with 32 participants, followed by a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with 80 participants.
[Science Translational Medicine] |
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| The authors leveraged the epitope information available in the Immune Epitope Database on vaccinia-based vaccines to predict potential monkeypox virus targets recognized by CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses.
[Cell Host & Microbe] |
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| Investigators studied longitudinal blood samples from a unique cohort of individuals with primary infection using single-cell multi-omics to identify the functions and phenotypes of hepatitis C virus-specific CD8+ T cells.
[Nature Communications] |
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| By conditioning Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ex vivo in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collected from mice at various time points of influenza infection, researchers found that the influenza-injured lung microenvironment dynamically induced MRSA to increase cytotoxin expression, while decreasing metabolic pathways.
[Cell Reports] |
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| Researchers demonstrated, using high-resolution cryo-EM, the binding of a benzene sulphonamide compound with a poliovirus serotype 2 virus-like particle, preventing the capsid rearrangements necessary for viral infection.
[Communications Biology] |
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| Scientists summarize recent advances in our understanding of the host factors required for alphavirus entry, the mechanisms of action by which protective antibodies inhibit different steps in the alphavirus infection cycle, and candidate alphavirus vaccines currently under clinical evaluation that focus on humoral immunity.
[Nature Reviews Microbiology] |
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| Investigators discuss the current findings in the development of small molecules for COVID-19 treatment, including their detailed mechanism of action, chemical structures, and preclinical and clinical efficacies.
[Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy] |
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| The authors compare the life cycle and mode of replication of influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2 and examine the potential roles of host cellular proteins, belonging to the Bcl-2 family, in SARS-CoV-2 replication to provide future research directions.
[Reviews in Medical Virology] |
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| Pfizer Inc. and BioNTech SE announced they have submitted an application to the US FDA for emergency use authorization of their Omicron BA.4/BA.5-adapted bivalent COVID-19 vaccine as the third 3-µg dose in the three-dose primary series for children 6 months through 4 years of age.
[BioNTech SE] |
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| Gilead Sciences won a key round in its battle with the US government over allegations that the CDC breached several contracts and “secretly” obtained patents stemming from research that led to the groundbreaking Truvada pill for preventing HIV.
[STAT News] |
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| February 19 – 22, 2023
Banff, Alberta, Canada |
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| | Medpace – Remote, Austria |
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| | Bristol Myers Squibb – Uxbridge, England, United Kingdom |
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| | Lund University – Lund, Sweden |
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| | AstraZeneca – Gothenburg, Sweden OR Gaithersburg or Wilmington, United States |
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| | University of Oxford – Oxford, United Kingdom |
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