Immunology of Infectious Disease News Volume 11.05 | Feb 8 2023

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    2023-02-08 | IIDN 11.05


    Immunology of Infectious Disease News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 11.05 – 8 February, 2023
    TOP STORY

    Characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Beijing during 2022: An Epidemiological and Phylogenetic Analysis

    The authors routinely collected respiratory samples covering both imported and local cases in Beijing, and then randomly selected samples collected between January and December, 2022 for analysis.
    [Lancet]

    Full Article
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    Broadly Neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies through Epitope-Based Selection from Convalescent Patients

    Researchers demonstrated that broadly neutralizing antibodies could be isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of convalescent patients using SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domains carrying epitope-specific mutations.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and Cellular Immunity Following Different Combinations of Vaccination and Breakthrough Infection

    Scientists analyzed the immunity of individuals that initially received two doses of mRNA vaccine and either received a booster vaccination, recovered from a breakthrough infection, or both.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    A Third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Dose in People Receiving Hemodialysis Overcomes B Cell Defects but Elicits a Skewed CD4+ T Cell Profile

    Investigators longitudinally analyzed antibody, B cell, CD4+, and CD8+ T cell vaccine responses in 27 hemodialysis patients and 26 low-risk control individuals.
    [Cell Reports Medicine]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Human IRF1 Governs Macrophagic IFN-γ Immunity to Mycobacteria

    The authors studied unrelated children with inherited complete IRF1 deficiency and early-onset, multiple, life-threatening diseases caused by weakly virulent mycobacteria and related intramacrophagic pathogens.
    [Cell]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Antigen Specificity and Cross-Reactivity Drive Functionally Diverse Anti-Aspergillus fumigatus T Cell Responses in Cystic Fibrosis

    Researchers used antigen-reactive T cell enrichment to investigate fungus-reactive T-helper cells in peripheral blood ofpatients with cystic fibrosis and healthy controls.
    [Journal Of Clinical Investigation]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Nucleic DHX9 Cooperates with STAT1 to Transcribe Interferon-Stimulated Genes

    Scientists generated myeloid-specific and hepatocyte-specific DHX9 knockout mice and confirmed that DHX9 was crucial for host resistance to RNA virus infections in vivo.
    [Science Advances]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Gaucher Disease Protects against Tuberculosis

    Using a zebrafish Gaucher disease model, the authors found that the mutation GBA1 N370S, predominant among Ashkenazi Jews, increased resistance to tuberculosis through the microbicidal activity of glucosylsphingosine in macrophage lysosomes.
    [Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America]

    Full ArticlePress Release

    Early Transcriptional and Epigenetic Divergence of CD8+ T Cells Responding to Acute Versus Chronic Infection

    Investigators performed single-cell RNA-sequencing and single-cell ATAC-sequencing of CD8+ T cells responding to LCMV-Armstrong or LCMV-Clone 13, which resulted in acute or chronic infections, respectively.
    [Plos Biology]

    Full Article

    Phenotypic Effects of Mutations Observed in the Neuraminidase of Human Origin H5N1 Influenza a Viruses

    After detailed analysis of the viral neuraminidase sequence of human H5N1 viruses, scientists studied the role of A46D, L204M, S319F and S430G mutations in virus fitness in vitro and in vivo.
    [PLOS Pathogens]

    Full Article

    Kinetics of Viral DNA in Body Fluids and Antibody Response in Patients with Acute Monkeypox Virus Infection

    Out of 138 non-lesion samples, viral DNA was found in 92.3% saliva, 85.7% semen, 86.2% oropharyngeal-swabs, 51.7% plasma, 46.1% stool, and 9.5% urine samples. Viral load quantified by digital-PCR widely varied, but tended to be higher in oropharyngeal-swabs, saliva, and stool.
    [Iscience]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract
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    REVIEWS

    Unlocking Life-Threatening COVID-19 through Two Types of Inborn Errors of Type I IFNs

    Researchers discuss how findings related to inborn errors of human type I IFN immunity and life-threatening COVID-19 illustrate the unpredictable, but considerable, contribution of the study of rare human genetic diseases to basic biology and public health.
    [Journal Of Clinical Investigation]

    Full Article

    Environmental DNA/RNA for Pathogen and Parasite Detection, Surveillance, and Ecology

    The authors review the potential, and factors that require consideration, for using environmental samples via eDNA/eRNA) as a proxy for infection of host organisms in connected habitats, for pathogen monitoring and surveillance, and for early warning systems for disease.
    [Trends In Parasitology]

    Abstract
    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    COVID Drug Drives Viral Mutations — And Now Some Want to Halt Its Use

    Analysis reveals the signature of the antiviral drug molnupiravir in SARS-CoV-2 sequences riddled with mutations.
    [Nature News]

    News Article

    Antibiotic Medicine Recalled following Multiresistant Bacteria Find

    The Danish health authorities have recalled the antibiotic medication Dicillin after it was linked to an outbreak of multiresistant bacteria cases, which doctors fear could be just the tip of the iceberg.
    [The Copenhagen Post]

    News Article
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