Immunology of Infectious Disease News Volume 12.12 | Mar 27 2024

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    2024-03-27 | IIDN 12.12


    Immunology of Infectious Disease News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 12.12 – 27 March, 2024
    TOP STORY

    SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Protein Impairs Airway Epithelial Barrier Function and Exacerbates Airway Inflammation via Increased Intracellular Cl− Concentration

    The pathological effects of SARS-CoV-2 E protein on airway epithelial barrier function, Cl− transport, and the robust inflammatory response remain to be elucidated. Scientists demonstrated that E protein down-regulated the expression of tight junctional proteins, leading to the disruption of the airway epithelial barrier.
    [Signal Transduction And Targeted Therapy]

    Full Article
    Request a free wallchart of the estimated frequencies of more than 15 immune cell types in Sprague Dawley rats.
    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    ACE2-Dependent and -Independent SARS-CoV-2 Entries Dictate Viral Replication and Inflammatory Response during Infection

    Investigators revealed that ACE2-dependent and -independent entries of SARS-CoV-2 in epithelial cells versus myeloid cells dictated viral replication and inflammatory responses.
    [Nature Cell Biology]

    Abstract

    Monocyte-Mediated Thrombosis Linked to Circulating Tissue Factor and Immune Paralysis in COVID-19

    Researchers used systems biology approaches including proteomics, transcriptomics, and mass cytometry to define the circulating proteome and circulating immune cell phenotypes in subjects with COVID-19.
    [Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis And Vascular Biology]

    Abstract

    TOLLIP Inhibits Lipid Accumulation and the Integrated Stress Response in Alveolar Macrophages to Control Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

    Researchers showed that tuberculosis severity was increased in Tollip−/− mice, characterized by macrophage- and T cell-driven inflammation, foam cell formation, and lipid accumulation.
    [Nature Microbiology]

    Abstract

    Intestinal Tuft Cell Immune Privilege Enables Norovirus Persistence

    To examine how tuft cells promote immune escape, investigators interrogated tuft cell interactions with CD8+ T cells by adoptively transferring just EGFP death-inducing CD8+ T cells into Gfi1b-GFP tuft cell reporter mice.
    [Science Immunology]

    Abstract

    Prior Infection with Unrelated Neurotropic Virus Exacerbates Influenza Disease and Impairs Lung T Cell Responses

    Researchers established a mouse model of co-infection with unrelated viruses, influenza A (IAV) and Semliki Forest virus (SFV), causing disease in different organ systems. SFV infection eight days before IAV infection results in prolonged IAV replication and exacerbated lung pathology.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    IFN-λ Drives Distinct Lung Immune Landscape Changes and Antiviral Responses in Human Metapneumovirus Infection

    Scientists showed that type III interferon (IFN-λ) was highly upregulated during human metapneumovirus infection in vitro in human and mouse airway epithelial cells and in vivo in mice. They found through several immunological and molecular assays that type II alveolar cells are the primary producers of IFN-λ.
    [mBio]

    Full Article

    Mpox-Specific Immune Responses Elicited by Vaccination or Infection in People Living with HIV

    Investigators improved their understanding of smallpox vaccination-mediated cross-reactivity to other orthopox viruses, and the long-lasting durability of childhood smallpox vaccination-mediated immune responses including in people living with HIV.
    [Journal Of Infectious Diseases]

    Abstract

    Peptide-Triggered IL-12 and IFN-γ Mediated Immune Response in CD4+ T Cells against Leishmania donovani Infection

    Scientists reported newly designed tripeptides that were able to trigger proinflammatory cytokine (IL-12 and IFN-γ) secretion by CD4+CD44+ T cells in response to Leishmania donovani infection.
    [Chemical Communications]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract
    As a scientist, how you separate the facts from the claims is just as important as how you separate your cells. See for yourself.
    REVIEWS

    Organ-on-Chip Models for Infectious Disease Research

    The authors review various organ-on-chip models and how they have been applied to infectious disease research. They outline the properties that make them valuable tools in microbiology, such as dynamic microenvironments, vascularization, and partial integration of functional immune cells.
    [Nature Microbiology]

    Abstract
    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Roche Receives FDA Approval for the First Molecular Test to Screen for Malaria in Blood Donors

    Investigators improved their understanding of smallpox vaccination-mediated cross-reactivity to other orthopox viruses, and the long-lasting durability of childhood smallpox vaccination-mediated immune responses including in people living with HIV.
    [Journal Of Infectious Diseases]

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