 | | Vol. 8.29 – 5 August, 2020 |
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| The authors showed that the adenovirus-vectored vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, encoding the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, was immunogenic in mice, eliciting a robust humoral and cell-mediated response.
[Nature] |
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| PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal |
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| Scientists showed the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a single dose of adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26) vector-based vaccines expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in nonhuman primates.
[Nature] |
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| Using human blood samples derived before the SARS-CoV-2 virus was discovered in 2019, the authors mapped 142 T cell epitopes across the SARS-CoV-2 genome to facilitate precise interrogation of the SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cell repertoire.
[Science] |
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| Scientists profiled SARS-CoV-2–specific humoral responses on a cohort of 22 hospitalized individuals. Despite inter-individual heterogeneity, distinct antibody signatures resolved individuals with different outcomes.
[Immunity] |
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| Investigators showed that vaccination with VSV-eGFP-SARS-CoV-2 generated neutralizing immune responses and protected mice from SARS-CoV-2.
[Cell Host & Microbe] |
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| Researchers designed mutations in the spike protein (S) that allowed the production of thermostable, disulfide-bonded S-protein trimers that were trapped in the closed, prefusion state.
[Nature Structural & Molecular Biology] |
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| EY6A Fab bound the receptor binding domain of the viral spike glycoprotein tightly, and a 2.6-Å-resolution crystal structure of an RBD–EY6A Fab complex identified the highly conserved epitope, away from the ACE2 receptor binding site.
[Nature Structural & Molecular Biology] |
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| Reserchers showed that SARS-CoV-2 induced overt but delayed type-I interferon responses. They found that IFN-β treatment effectively blocked SARS-CoV-2 replication.
[Nature Communications] |
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| Scientists examined 19 COVID-19 exposed placentas for histopathologic findings, and for expression of ACE2, and TMPRSS2 by immunohistochemistry.
[Modern Pathology] |
| | MORE IMMUNOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE |
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| Newly infiltrated inflammatory monocytes became a chief pool of phagocytes and played a key role in the clearance of highly motile apoptotic neutrophils during the resolution phase.
[Nature Immunology] |
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| Investigators demonstrated that LRCH1 directly bound linker for activation of T cells (LAT), reduced LAT phosphorylation and interaction with GRB2, and also promoted the endocytosis of LAT.
[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America] |
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| The authors demonstrated that immune checkpoint molecules could be measured in cervicovaginal lavages. They identified CD40, CD27, and TIM-3 to specifically discriminate cervical cancer from other groups and CD40, CD28, and TLR2 to positively correlate to genital inflammation.
[npj Precision Oncology] |
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| In lethal virus challenge, investigators showed that CD4+ T‐cells alone, but not CD8+ T‐cells, were sufficient to confer vaccine‐mediated protection.
[European Journal of Immunology] |
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| Scientists conducted a series of in vitro experiments investigating the activities of this mixture of B. clausii strains on biomarkers of mucosal barrier integrity and immune function in a cellular model of Rotavirus infection.
[Scientific Reports] |
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| Researchers found that conditioned media (CM) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with dual-acting TLR7/8 and TLR2/7 agonists were more potent drivers of inhibition of hepatisis e and hepatitis s antigen secretion from hepatitis B virus-infected primary human hepatocytes than CM from PBMCs stimulated with single-acting TLR7 or TLR9 agonists.
[Scientific Reports] |
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| Investigators describe the emerging role of cytosolic nucleic acid-sensing pathways at the host–Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) interface and summarize recently revealed mechanisms by which Mtb circumvents host cellular innate immune strategies such as membrane trafficking and integrity, cell death and autophagy.
[Cellular & Molecular Immunology] |
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| Scientists describe our current knowledge of the complex interplay between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the IFN system, highlighting some of the gaps that need to be filled for a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms.
[PLoS Pathogens] |
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| The authors highlight recent research advance in the structure, function and development of antivirus drugs targeting the spike protein.
[Acta Pharmacologica Sinica] |
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| With multiple COVID-19 vaccines in and approaching Phase III trials, the FDA has released development and licensure guidelines for these products. The 21-page guidelines detail agency recommendations on everything from manufacturing and preclinical data considerations to trial design, efficacy considerations and post-licensure safety.
[Nature Reviews Drug Discovery] |
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| Pfizer, Inc. and BioNTech SE announced an agreement with the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare in Japan to supply 120 million doses of BNT162 mRNA-based vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2, subject to clinical success and regulatory approval, beginning in 2021.
[Pfizer, Inc. ] |
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| Denali Therapeutics, Inc. announced that its partner Sanofi has commenced dosing of DNL758, a peripherally-restricted small molecule inhibitor of RIPK1, in a Phase Ib study in hospitalized adult patients with severe COVID-19 lung disease.
[Denali Therapeutics, Inc.] |
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| Adaptive Biotechnologies Corp. announced the launch of ImmuneSense Lyme™, a research study to inform the development of an improved test to detect Lyme disease in the early stages of an infection, when the disease is most treatable but often missed or misdiagnosed.
[Adaptive Biotechnologies Corp.] |
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| Many Asian-Pacific countries have weathered the COVID-19 pandemic remarkably well so far, recording some of the lowest case numbers anywhere and earning praise as models of how to handle the virus. But the sheen is coming off their performance
[ScienceInsider] |
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| Although the forecasts and timelines vary, modellers agree on two things: COVID-19 is here to stay, and the future depends on a lot of unknowns, including whether people develop lasting immunity to the virus, whether seasonality affects its spread, and – perhaps most importantly – the choices made by governments and individuals.
[Nature News] |
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| September 22 – September 25
Martinsried, Germany |
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| | Rush University Medical Center – Chicago, Illinois, United States |
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| | Umeå University – Umeå, Sweden |
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| | University of Dundee – Dundee, United Kingdom |
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| | University of Würzburg – Würzburg, Germany |
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| | Ohio State University – Columbus, Ohio, United States |
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