 | | Vol. 8.32 – 26 August, 2020 |
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| Investigators showed that a defensin-like peptide P9R exhibited potent antiviral activity against pH-dependent viruses that require endosomal acidification for virus infection, including the enveloped pandemic A pdm09 virus, avian influenza A virus, coronaviruses, and the non-enveloped rhinovirus.
[Nature] |
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| PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal |
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| The authors implemented a rapid multiplex cytokine assay to measure serum interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-1β in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 upon admission to the Mount Sinai Health System in New York.
[Nature Medicine] |
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| Researchers demonstrated that the CoV-2 specific CD4+ T-helper cell response was directed against all three proteins with comparable magnitude, ex vivo proliferation and portions of responding patients.
[Journal of Clinical Oncology] |
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| Scientists evaluated transgenic mice expressing the human angiotensin I-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor driven by the cytokeratin-18 gene promoter as a model of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
[Nature Immunology] |
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| Investigators report an atomistic-based, reliable in silico structural and energetical framework of the interactions between the receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 S-protein and its host cellular receptor ACE2 that provided qualitative and quantitative insights into the main molecular determinants in virus/receptor recognition.
[ACS Nano] |
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| The authors provided a comprehensive analysis of peripheral CD4+ T cells of 13 COVID-19 convalescent patients, as defined as confirmed free of SARS-CoV-2 for two-four weeks, using flow cytometry, magnetic chemiluminescence enzyme antibody immunoassay and correlated the data with clinical characteristics.
[Journal of Clinical Investigation] |
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| Investigators report the generation of a replication-incompetent recombinant serotype 5 adenovirus, Ad5-S-nb2, carrying a codon-optimized gene encoding Spike protein.
[Nature Communications] |
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| Researchers discovered and characterized a cross-reactive human IgA monoclonal antibody, MAb362. MAb362 bound to both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins and competitively blocked ACE2 receptor binding, by overlapping the ACE2 structural binding epitope.
[Nature Communications] |
| | MORE IMMUNOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE |
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| Scientists showed that two distinct signals from gut microorganisms coordinately activated autoreactive T cells in the small intestine that responded specifically to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein.
[Nature] |
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| Investigators showed that human maternal decidual NK cells highly expressed the antimicrobial peptide granulysin and selectively transfered it via nanotubes to extravillous trophoblasts to kill intracellular Listeria monocytogenes without killing the trophoblast.
[Cell] |
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| The authors demonstrated that high antigen load promoted the differentiation of precursor T cells, which acquired hallmarks of exhaustion within days of infection, whereas early effector cells retained polyfunctional features.
[Nature Immunology] |
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| Scientists showed that natural killer cell granule protein 7 was a regulator of lymphocyte granule exocytosis and downstream inflammation in a broad range of diseases.
[Nature Immunology] |
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| Investigators showed that loss of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader YTH-domain family 2 promoted demethylation of histone H3 lysine-27 trimethylation, which led to enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines and facilitated the deposition of m6A cotranscriptionally.
[Science Advances] |
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| Researchers showed that the autophagy-related protein ATG5 regulated immunometabolism. Atg5-deficient mouse dendritic cells showed increased CD8A+ T-cell response and increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines upon respiratory syncytial virus infection.
[Autophagy] |
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| Investigators studied the effects of smoke exposure, chronic morphine administration, and HIV infection using the NSG humanized mouse model.
[Scientific Reports] |
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| Investigators revisit the current classification of memory subsets, elaborate on functional and migratory properties attributed to central memory CD8 T cells (Tcm), Tem, and Trm, and discuss how potential heterogeneity within these populations arises and persists.
[Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology] |
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| The authors explore and discuss the diverse animal, cell and tissue models that are being used and developed and collectively recapitulate many critical aspects of disease manifestation in humans to develop and test new preventions and treatments.
[Mucosal Immunology] |
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| Trevena, Inc. announced Imperial College London has initiated a proof-of-concept study for TRV027 in COVID-19 patients. Through an ongoing collaboration with ICL, the company is evaluating the potential of TRV027 to treat acute lung damage/abnormal blood clotting associated with COVID-19.
[ Trevena, Inc.] |
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| Revive Therapeutics Ltd. announced that following the FDA approval to proceed with the Company’s Phase III clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Bucillamine in patients with mild-moderate COVID-19, the company has submitted its clinical trial protocol for independent Institutional Review Board approval.
[ Revive Therapeutics Ltd.] |
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| Sentien Biotechnologies, Inc. announced that the FDA has approved the company’s Investigational New Drug (IND) application for the evaluation of Sentien’s lead asset, SBI-101, for the treatment of severe COVID-19.
[Sentien Biotechnologies, Inc.] |
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| Indee Labs is a biotechnology company developing the µVS Delivery SystemTM for non-viral intracellular or gene delivery. The team at Indee Labs was awarded a grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, part of the National Institutes of Health, to develop the µVS Delivery SystemTM for modified regulatory T cells.
[Indee Labs (BusinessWire, Inc.)] |
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| For the second vaccine, BNT162b2, or B2, patients between 18 and 55 had adverse events thought to be related to the vaccine 16.7% of the time, and no adverse effects thought to be related to the vaccine were reported in those between the ages of 65 and 85.
[STAT News] |
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| Instead of staying home in bed, they may be out and about, unknowingly passing the virus along. But in addition to these pre-symptomatic patients, the relentless silent spread of this pandemic is also facilitated by a more mysterious group of people: the so-called asymptomatics.
[Scientific American] |
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| November 2 – November 3
Virtual |
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| | The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital – Columbus, Ohio, United States |
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| | STEMCELL Technologies – Flexible |
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| | Princeton University – Princeton, New Jersey, United States |
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| | Rush University Medical Center – Chicago, Illinois, United States |
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| | University of Dundee – Dundee, United Kingdom |
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