| Vol. 9.24 – 30 June, 2021 |
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| Single-cell ATAC-seq analysis revealed an epigenomically distinct subcluster of monocytes with reduced chromatin accessibility at AP-1-targeted loci after vaccination. [Cell] |
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PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal |
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| SARS-CoV-2-naı̈ve individuals achieved levels similar to mild natural infection after the first vaccination; a second dose generated levels approaching severe natural infection. [ACS Nano] |
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| With the rising burden of the pandemic, it is vital to identify not only active disease but any post-recovery complications as well. This study was conducted with the aim of identifying the presence of post-viral symptomatology in patients recovered from mild COVID-19 disease. [Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy] |
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| SARS-CoV-2-infected cells showed accumulation of key metabolites, activation of autophagy inhibitors and reduction of proteins responsible for autophagy initiation, membrane nucleation, and phagophore formation, as well as autophagosome-lysosome fusion. [Nature Communications] |
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| Researchers identified two public clonotypes of IGHV3-53/3-66 receptor binding domain antibodies with a 9-residue complementarity-determining region H3 that paired with different light chains. [Nature Communications] |
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| The authors described an engineered human virus receptor, ACE2, by mutagenesis and screening for binding to the receptor binding domain. [Nature Communications] |
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| The efficacy of spike encoding mRNA vaccines against the ancestral strain and the VOC B.1.351 was tested in a K18-hACE2 transgenic mouse model. Naive mice and mice immunized with a formalin-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 preparation were used as controls. [Nature Communications] |
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| Investigating SARS-CoV-2 infection in tissue culture, researchers found that the protease TMPRSS2 determined the entry pathway used by the virus. [EMBO Journal] |
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| Scientists determined the x-ray structures of the SARS-CoV-2 2′-O-methyltransferase in complex with its reaction substrates, products, and divalent metal cations. [Science Signaling] |
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| In lieu of tissue samples, the authors measured cytokines, inflammatory markers, viral RNA, microbiome composition, and antibody responses in stool samples from a cohort of 44 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. [Scientific Reports] |
| MORE IMMUNOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE |
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| Investigators studied a patient with inherited PD-1 deficiency and tuberculosis who died of pulmonary autoimmunity. The patient’s leukocytes did not express PD-1 or respond to PD-1-mediated suppression. [Nature Medicine] |
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| Scientists investigated the single-cell phenotypes associated with antimicrobial responses in human leprosy granulomas by applying single-cell and spatial sequencing to leprosy biopsy specimens. [Nature Immunology] |
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| Researchers showed that nasal infection controls two sequential processes to induce neutralizing IgG antibodies recognizing the hemagglutinin of heterotypic strains. [Nature Communications] |
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| By combining single-cell RNA and B cell receptor sequencing of antigen-specific cells in lymph nodes, spleen, and lungs after influenza infection in mice, the authors identified several germinal center B cell subpopulations and organ-specific differences that persisted over the course of the response. [Cell Reports] |
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| Scientists showed that viral infection attenuated the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in murine CD4+ T cells, which in turn increased the expression of antiviral genes. [Communications Biology] |
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| Researchers demonstrated that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) exerted a potent immunosuppressive action during the immune response of the human host against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. [Scientific Reports] |
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| HIV host genomic research, which aims to understand how human genetic variation affects our response to HIV infection, has progressed from early candidate gene studies to recent multi-omic efforts, benefiting from spectacular advances in sequencing technology and data science. [Nature Reviews Genetics] |
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| Tiziana Life Sciences plc announced that it has signed an agreement with FHI Clinical, a global clinical contract research organization, to conduct a Phase II Proof-of-concept study in Brazil to evaluate the safety, tolerability and efficacy of intranasal Foralumab in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and pulmonary inflammation. [Tiziana Life Sciences plc] |
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| Venatorx Pharmaceuticals announced that the first patient was dosed in a Phase I clinical trial evaluating VNRX-9945, a highly potent, broadly active viral replication inhibitor for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. [Venatorx Pharmaceuticals] |
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| Moderna, Inc. announced that the government of India has issued a registration certificate and a permission to import the COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna for restricted use in an emergency situation. [Moderna, Inc.] |
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| September 1 – 4, 2021 Virtual |
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| The European Molecular Biology Laboratory – Barcelona, Spain |
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| Hummingbird Bioscience – Singapore, Singapore |
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| University of Gothenburg – Gothenburg, Sweden |
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| Brigham and Women’s Hospital – Boston, Massachusetts, United States |
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| University of Washington – Seattle, Washington, United States |
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