Immunology of Infectious Disease News Volume 9.36 | Sep 22 2021

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    2021-09-22 | IIDN 9.36


    Immunology of Infectious Disease News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 9.36 – 22 September, 2021
    TOP STORY

    Immune Correlates of Protection by mRNA-1273 Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in Nonhuman Primates

    Immunoglobulin G from mRNA-immunized nonhuman primates was passively transferred in a highly pathogenic Syrian hamster SARS-CoV-2 challenge model to determine whether these antibodies were sufficient for protection.
    [Science]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

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    Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses Following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy

    The authors investigated induction of antigen-specific antibody, B cell and T cell responses longitudinally in patients with multiple sclerosis on anti-CD20 antibody monotherapy compared with healthy controls after BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 mRNA vaccination.
    [Nature Medicine]

    Full Article

    Targeting Lysophospholipid Acid Receptor 1 and ROCK Kinases Promotes Antiviral Innate Immunity

    Investigators found that viral infection promoted the G protein–coupled receptor lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)1 expression, and LPA restrained type I/III interferon production through LPA1.
    [Science Advances]

    Full Article

    Enhanced Eosinophil-Mediated Inflammation Associated with Antibody and Complement-Dependent Pneumonic Insults in Critical COVID-19

    Researchers showed that critical COVID-19 was associated with enhanced eosinophil-mediated inflammation when compared to non-critical cases.
    [Cell Reports]

    AbstractFull ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Inhibition of Viral Suppressor of RNAi Proteins by Designer Peptides Protects from Enteroviral Infection In Vivo

    Scientists designed a series of peptides specifically targeting enterovirus A71-encoded protein 3A, a viral suppressor of RNAi. The peptides showed in vitro and in vivo anti-enteroviral efficacy that depends on RNAi.
    [Immunity]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    Chlamydia Evasion of Neutrophil Host Defense Results in NLRP3 Dependent Myeloid-Mediated Sterile Inflammation through the Purinergic P2X7 Receptor

    The authors found the chlamydial parasitophorous vacuole protein CT135 triggered NLRP3 inflammasome activation via TLR2/MyD88 signaling as a pathogenic strategy to evade neutrophil host defense.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    Exosome-Mediated Stable Epigenetic Repression of HIV-1

    Investigators developed an HIV-1 promoter-targeting Zinc Finger Protein fused to active domains of DNA methyltransferase 3 A to induce long-term stable epigenetic repression of HIV-1.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    An Additional NF-κB Site Allows HIV-1 Subtype C to Evade Restriction by Nuclear PYHIN Proteins

    Scientists demonstrated that a characteristic additional third nuclear factor κB binding site in the long terminal repeat promoter allows subtype C HIV-1 strains to evade restriction by nuclear PYHIN proteins.
    [Cell Reports]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    The Epstein-Barr Virus Deubiquitinating Enzyme BPLF1 Regulates the Activity of Topoisomerase II during Productive Infection

    The authors found that topoisomerase-II was a substrate of the Epstein-Barr virus ubiquitin deconjugase BPLF1.
    [PLOS Pathogens]

    Full Article

    Protective CD4+ Th1 Cell-Mediated Immunity Is Reliant upon Execution of Effector Function Prior to the Establishment of the Pathogen Niche

    Researchers reported that CXCR3-dependent recruitment of Ly6C+ Th1 effector cells was indispensable for concomitant immunity and acute cell-phagocyte interactions were critical to prevent the establishment of a permissive pathogen niche.
    [PLOS Pathogens]

    Full Article

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    REVIEWS

    Structural Biology of SARS-CoV-2 and Implications for Therapeutic Development

    The authors delineate the structural features of SARS-CoV-2 from the whole viral particle to the individual viral proteins and discuss their functions as well as their potential as targets for therapeutic interventions.
    [Nature Reviews Microbiology]

    Full Article

    Escherichia coli Small Molecule Metabolism at the Host–Microorganism Interface

    Scientists describe chemical signaling systems in E. coli in the context of the broader field of metabolism at the host–bacteria interface and the role of this signaling in disease modulation.
    [Nature Chemical Biology]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Saskatchewan Research Group’s COVID-19 Vaccine Moves to Phase 2 Clinical Trials

    The Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, known as VIDO, at the University of Saskatchewan is moving to Phase II of clinical testing of a COVID-19 vaccine developed at its lab in Saskatoon.
    VIDO (GlobalNews, Inc.)

    Press Release

    City of Hope Trial Is First to Test an Investigational COVID-19 Vaccine in Immunocompromised Bone Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy Patients with Blood Cancers

    City of Hope is now enrolling patients in a Phase II clinical trial of its COH04S1 vaccine that is the first to study the safety and effectiveness of an investigational vaccine in blood cancer patients who have received a bone marrow transplant or CAR T therapy.
    [City of Hope (BusinessWire, Inc.)]

    Press Release

    FEATURED EVENT

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    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    GlaxoSmithKline Professorship – Microbial Pathogenesis

    University of Cambridge – Cambridge, England, United Kingdom

    Division Director – Infectious Diseases

    Vanderbilt University Medical Center – Nashville, Tennessee, United States

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Vaccine Immunology Evaluation

    University of Gothenburg – Gothenburg, Sweden

    Assistant Professor – Immunology, Microbiology of Skin and Vaginal Mucosa

    University of Colorado – Aurora, Colorado, United States

    Faculty Positions – Infectious Diseases

    Cleveland Clinic – Port Saint Lucie, Florida, United States

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