Intestinal Cell News Volume 1.16 | Jul 10 2015

Recurrent Fusion Genes in Gastric Cancer: CLDN18-ARHGAP26 Induces Loss of Epithelial Integrity
In three out of 100 gastric cancer cases, researchers found recurrent fusions between CLDN18, a tight junction gene, and ARHGAP26, a gene encoding a RHOA inhibitor. Epithelial cell lines expressing CLDN18-ARHGAP26 displayed a dramatic loss of epithelial phenotype and long protrusions indicative of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Oxytocin Evokes a Pulsatile PGE2 Release from Ileum Mucosa and Is Required for Repair of Intestinal Epithelium after Injury
Scientists identified a COX-2-derived pulsatile PGE2 release triggered by oxytocin (OT) in rat ileum mucosa. OT receptors are expressed in intestine crypt epithelial cells. Notably, OT evoked a dynamic change of [Ca2⁺]_i in ileum crypts, which was responsible for this pulsatile release of PGE2. [Sci Rep] Full Article

miR-612 Negatively Regulates Colorectal Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Targeting AKT2
Investigators found that miR-612 expression was significantly lower in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues or cells compared with peritumor tissues or normal cells, and lower in metastatic CRC specimens compared with non-metastatic specimens, whereas AKT2 exhibited opposite trend. [Cell Death Dis] Abstract

Positive Feedback of DDX6/C-Myc/PTB1 Regulated by miR-124 Contributes to Maintenance of the Warburg Effect in Colon Cancer Cells
Scientists showed that DDX6 was overexpressed in colorectal cancer specimens and regulated by microRNA (miR)-124 in colon cancer cells. [Biochim Biophys Acta] Abstract

Inhibition of Gastric Tumor Cell Growth Using Seed-Targeting LNA as Specific, Long-Lasting MicroRNA Inhibitors
Scientists assessed the efficiency and specificity of 8-mer locked nucleic acid (LNA)-modified oligonucleotides raised against the seeds of miR-372 and miR-373, two embryonic stem cell-specific microRNAs prominently expressed in the human gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cell line. [Mol Ther Nucleic Acids] Abstract

Histone Deacetylase Inhibition Impairs Normal Intestinal Cell Proliferation and Promotes Specific Gene Expression
Researchers investigated the role of histone deacetylation as an important epigenetic mechanism that controls proliferation and differentiation of intestinal cells using the histone deacetylase inhibitor suberanilohydroxamic acid. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

Cortactin Promotes Colon Cancer Progression by Regulating ERK Pathway
The authors investigated the role of cortactin in regulation of the proliferation of colon cancer derived cells both in vitro and in vivo. [Int J Oncol] Abstract

RPS24 Knockdown Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Cell Migration and Proliferation In Vitro
RPS24 gene expression was significantly inhibited in human colon cancer HCT116 and HT-29 cells using a lentivirus shRNA approach. Knockdown of RPS24 expression significantly inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration and arrested cell in S phase. [Gene] Abstract

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

Regional Cell-Specific Transcriptome Mapping Reveals Regulatory Complexity in the Adult Drosophila Midgut
To characterize cellular specialization and regional function in the Drosophila midgut, scientists generated RNA-sequencing transcriptomes of all five cell types isolated by FACS from each of the five regions, R1–R5. They identified transcriptional diversities among cell types and document regional differences within each cell type that define further specialization. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

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apceth and University of Cologne to Join Forces on Combination Cellular Immunotherapies for Cancer
apceth announced a broad partnership with the Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, to combine technologies and expertise, on the development of immunotherapies for solid tumors and hematological malignancies. [apceth^®] Press Release

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Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

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Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

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Research Associate – Intestinal Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Endoderm Lineages (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Immunology (Shanghai Institute of Immunology)

Postdoctoral Position – Mechanics and Genetics of Embryonic and Tumoral Development (Institut Curie UMR 168)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Dysfunctional Aging in Colorectal Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Emory University)

Bioinformatician – Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research (Cedars Sinai Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Colon Cancer (Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute in Glasgow)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Intestinal Diseases (Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland)

Postdoctoral Fellows – Colon Cancer Biology, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Intestinal Development (Rutgers University)

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