Intestinal Cell News Volume 1.18 | Jul 24 2015

Effects of Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-Inducible Protein 34 (GADD34) on Inflammation-Induced Colon Cancer in Mice
Using a colitis-associated cancer model, the authors analyzed GADD34-deficient mice to study the effect of GADD34 on colitis and colorectal tumorigenesis. They found a higher incidence of colorectal cancer in wild-type mice than in GADD34-deficient mice. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

Loss of PHLPP Protects against Colitis by Inhibiting Intestinal Epithelial Cell Apoptosis
Researchers investigated the role of PHLPP, a novel family of protein phosphatases, in regulating inflammation-induced intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in mouse models of colitis. [Biochim Biophys Acta] Abstract

Antrum Mucosal Protein-18 Peptide Targets Tight Junctions to Protect and Heal Barrier Structure and Function in Models of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Scientists studied mechanisms by which antrum mucosal protein (AMP) peptide enhances barrier function and structure ex vivo using intestine and colon from mice given lipopolysaccharide and in AMP-18-deficient mice given dextran sulfate sodium. [Inflamm Bowel Dis] Abstract

Lipidoid Nanoparticles for siRNA Delivery to the Intestinal Epithelium: In Vitro Investigations in a Caco-2 Model
Researchers established the utility of lipidoid nanoparticles (LNPs) in the context of short interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) delivery to the intestinal epithelium. Initial studies demonstrated that the siRNA-loaded LNPs mediated potent, dose dependent, and durable gene silencing in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells, with a single 10 nM dose depressing GAPDH mRNA expression for one week. [PLoS One] Full Article

The S100P/RAGE Signaling Pathway Regulates Expression of MicroRNA-21 in Colon Cancer Cells
Researchers investigated whether activation of S100P/RAGE signaling regulates oncogenic microRNA-21 (miR-21). They showed that exogenous S100P up-regulated miR-21 levels in human colon cancer cells, whereas knockdown of S100P resulted in a decrease of miR-21. [FEBS Lett] Abstract

Oxidative Stress-Mediated Inhibition of Intestinal Epithelial Cell Proliferation by Silver Nanoparticles
Scientists investigated potential consequences of silver nanoparticles (Ag NP) ingestion in intestinal epithelial C2BBe1 cells. They suggest that Ag NP induces oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest, and the inhibition of cell proliferation. [Toxicol In Vitro] Abstract

Novel Colitis Immunotherapy Targets Bin1 and Improves Colon Cell Barrier Function
Researchers offered preclinical proof of concept for a monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting the Bridging integrator 1 (Bin1) protein that blunts ulcerative colitis pathogenicity in a mouse model of experimental colitis. In vitro studies in human Caco-2 cells showed that Bin1 antibody altered the expression of tight junction proteins and improved barrier function. [Dig Dis Sci] Abstract

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

Redeployment of Myc and E2f1–3 Drives Rb-Deficient Cell Cycles
The authors investigated how two critical proliferative pathways, Myc and E2f, are integrated to control cell cycles in normal and Rb-deficient cells using a murine intestinal model. [Nat Cell Biol] Abstract

Cell Competition Modifies Adult Stem Cell and Tissue Population Dynamics in a JAK-STAT-Dependent Manner
Scientists used the adult Drosophila posterior midgut as a model of homeostatic tissue and ribosomal Minute mutations to reduce fitness in groups of cells. They took a quantitative approach combining lineage tracing and biophysical modeling and address how cell competition affects stem cell and tissue population dynamics. [Dev Cell] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

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Damon Runyon Foundation Grants Prestigious Fellowship Awards to 16 Top Young Scientists
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation named 16 new Damon Runyon Fellows at its spring Fellowship Award Committee review. The recipients of this prestigious, four-year award are outstanding postdoctoral scientists conducting basic and translational cancer research in the laboratories of leading senior investigators across the country. [Damon Runyon Foundation] Press Release

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Research Associate – Intestinal Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Endoderm Lineages (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Ex Vivo Tumor Organoid Models (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Positions – Cancer Research (Rutgers University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Immunology and Microbiology (New York University School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Immunology (Shanghai Institute of Immunology)

Postdoctoral Position – Mechanics and Genetics of Embryonic and Tumoral Development (Institut Curie UMR 168)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Emory University)

Bioinformatician – Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research (Cedars Sinai Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Intestinal Diseases (Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland)

Postdoctoral Fellows – Colon Cancer Biology, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Intestinal Development (Rutgers University)

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