Intestinal Cell News Volume 2.23 | Jun 24 2016

TOP STORY

mTORC1 and SIRT1 Cooperate to Foster Expansion of Gut Adult Stem Cells during Calorie Restriction

Investigators showed that mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC) 1 signaling in intestinal stem cells (ISCs) is upregulated during calorie restriction. SIRT1 deacetylates S6K1, thereby enhancing its phosphorylation by mTORC1, which leads to an increase in protein synthesis and an increase in ISC number. [Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASES

Secreted HMGB1 from Wnt Activated Intestinal Cells Is Required to Maintain a Crypt Progenitor Phenotype

Investigators assessed the contribution of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) to the crypt progenitor phenotype seen following Apc loss. [Oncotarget] Full Article

TCF7L1 Modulates Colorectal Cancer Growth by Inhibiting Expression of the Tumor-Suppressor Gene EPHB3

Scientists found that TCF7L1, a Wnt pathway repressor, buffers CTNNB1/TCF target gene expression to promote colorectal cancer growth. [Sci Rep] Full Article

EGF Is a Critical Regulator of the Interleukin-33 in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Researchers examined how interleukin-33 is produced from intestinal tissue using the murine azoxymethane/DSS-induced cancer model and IEC-6 epithelial cells. [Br J Pharmacol] Abstract

Bacteroides fragilis Enterotoxin Upregulates Heme Oxygenase-1 in Intestinal Epithelial Cells via a Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases- and NF-κB-Dependent Pathway, Leading to Modulation of Apoptosis

Researchers investigated the effect of B. fragilis enterotoxin (BFT) on heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression in intestinal epithelial cells. Stimulation of intestinal epithelial cells with BFT resulted in upregulated expression of HO-1. [Infect Immun] Abstract

Regulation of Laminin γ2 Expression by CDX2 in Colonic Epithelial Cells Is Impaired during Active Inflammation

Researchers determined whether caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2) is involved in the basal regulation of Laminin subunit γ2 in epithelial cells and to assess the influence of inflammation. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

miR-205 and miR-373 Are Associated with Aggressive Human Mucinous Colorectal Cancer

Scientists found that expression levels of miR-205 and miR-373 were specifically upregulated only in patients with mucinous colon cancers, but not in colorectal cancer that lack mucinous components. [PLoS One] Full Article

NOD2 Induces Autophagy to Control AIEC Bacteria Infectiveness in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Researchers investigated the interplay between autophagy, NOD2 and autophagy and adherent/invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) bacteria and assessing the expression level of autophagic proteins in intestinal biopsies of pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease. [Inflamm Res] Abstract

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

Origin and Dynamic Lineage Characteristics of the Developing Drosophila Midgut Stem Cells

Among the signaling mechanisms controlling the balance between intestinal stem cells (ISCs) self-renewal and the production of different cell types, Notch plays a pivotal role. The authors investigated the emergence of ISCs during metamorphosis and the role of Notch in this process. [Dev Biol] Abstract

Mouse Models of Intestinal Inflammation and Cancer

The authors focus on intestinal inflammation and its associated cancers, a group of diseases on the rise and affecting millions of people worldwide. [Arch Toxicol] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Merrimack to Present New Analyses of Phase III NAPOLI-1 Data at the ESMO 18^th World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer

Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that it will present new analyses of the Phase III NAPOLI-1 data in an oral presentation and poster discussion session. [Press release from Merrimack discussing research presented at European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 18th World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer. Barcelona] Press Release

AbbVie, Eisai, and EA Pharma Obtain Additional Approval for New Dosing Regimen of Fully Human Anti-TNF-α Monoclonal Antibody Humira^® in Patients with Crohn’s Disease

AbbVie GK, Eisai Co., Ltd., and its subsidiary EA Pharma Co., Ltd. announced the additional approval for a new dosing regimen of Humira^® Pre-filled Syringe 40 mg/0.8 mL for subcutaneous injection, a fully human anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody formulation, in patients with moderate or severe Crohn’s disease who become less responsive to treatment with 40 mg every two weeks to double the dose to 80 mg every two weeks. [Eisai Co., Ltd.] Press Release

Boston Biomedical Announces First Orphan Drug Designation for Napabucasin in Gastric/GEJ Cancer

Boston Biomedical announced that its lead investigational compound, napabucasin, has been granted Orphan Drug Designation from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the treatment of gastric cancer, including gastroesophageal junction cancer. [Boston Biomedical] Press Release

Researchers Reeling as UK Votes to Leave EU

The United Kingdom’s vote to leave the European Union has plunged it into political and economic uncertainty — and left researchers worried over the future of their funding and collaborations, the UK’s participation in major European research programs, and the freedom of movement and employment status of thousands of scientists. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW ICCSCE 2016: 18^th International Conference on Cell and Stem Cell Engineering
September 15-16, 2016
Rome, Italy

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the intestinal cell community.

NEW Research Associate – Stem Cell Biology of the Intestine (University of Cambridge)

Technical Sales Representative (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Assistant or Associate Member – Stem CellGene Therapy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

PhD Student – Intestinal Epithelial Cell Death and Barrier Function (University of East Anglia)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Intestinal Microbiota (University of Florida)

Faculty Position – Phage Biology and Microbiome Research (McMaster University)

Research Technician – Preclinical and Translational Research (Qu Biologics)

Postdoctoral Scientists – Regenerative Medicine (Cedars-Sinai)

Postdoctoral/Research Associate – Epigenetics of Immunology and Mucosal Immunity (University of Texas Health Science Center)

Program Director and Professor – Immune Mechanisms at Epithelial Surfaces (University of Arizona)

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