Intestinal Cell News Volume 2.30 | Aug 19 2016

TOP STORY

G9a/RelB Regulates Self-Renewal and Function of Colon-Cancer-Initiating Cells by Silencing Let-7b and Activating the K-RAS/β-Catenin Pathway

A siRNA screen targeting known epigenetic genes revealed that G9a profoundly impairs the chemo-resistance, self-renewal and metastasis of cancer-initiating cells obtained from patients with colorectal cancer. [Nat Cell Biol] Abstract

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INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASES

Iron Uptake via DMT1 Integrates Cell Cycle with JAK-STAT3 Signaling to Promote Colorectal Tumorigenesis

Gene expression and functional studies demonstrated that the cellular iron importer, divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), is highly expressed in colorectal cancer through hypoxia-inducible factor 2α-dependent transcription. [Cell Metab] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

miR-625-3p Regulates Oxaliplatin Resistance by Targeting MAP2K6-p38 Signaling in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells

The authors showed that miR-625-3p functionally induces oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer cells, and identified the signaling networks affected by miR-625-3p. [Nat Commun] Full Article

RBM-AS1 Is Critical for Self-Renewal of Colon Cancer Stem-Like Cells

Investigators report enrichment of the long non-coding RNAs RBM5-AS1/LUST during sphere formation of colon cancer initiating cells. [Cancer Res] Abstract

The Promotion of the Transformation of Quiescent Gastric Cancer Stem Cells by IL-17 and the Underlying Mechanisms

Investigators aimed to explore the biological functions of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17) in gastric cancer metastasis and the distinct IL-17-induced transformation of quiescent gastric cancer stem cells. [Oncogene] Full Article

Bcl-x_L Is an Oncogenic Driver in Colorectal Cancer

The authors generated a mouse model lacking Bcl-x_L in intestinal epithelial cells (Bcl-x_L^IEC-KO). If challenged in an inflammation-driven tumor model, Bcl-x_L^IEC-KO mice showed a significantly reduced tumor burden with lower tumor numbers per animal and decreased tumor sizes. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Paternal Chronic Colitis Causes Epigenetic Inheritance of Susceptibility to Colitis

The authors investigated epigenetic alterations consequent to experimental murine colitis induced by dextran sodium sulphate, and their paternal transmission to offspring. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Spherical Nucleic Acid Targeting MicroRNA-99b Enhances Intestinal MFG-E8 Gene Expression and Restores Enterocyte Migration in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Septic Mice

Investigators showed that impairment of intestinal epithelial cell migration occurred in lipopolysaccharide-induced septic mice. [Sci Rep] Full Article

KRAS Mutation Leads to Decreased Expression of Regulator of Calcineurin 2, Resulting in Tumor Proliferation in Colorectal Cancer

Scientists previously described the generation of mouse models of colon cancer with and without Kras mutations. Here, the two mouse models were compared to identify candidate genes, which may represent novel therapeutic targets or predictive biomarkers. [Oncogenesis] Full Article

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

Single-Cell Transcript Profiles Reveal Multilineage Priming in Early Progenitors Derived from Lgr5⁺ Intestinal Stem Cells

Researchers identified two distinct cell populations, one that expresses known intestinal stem cell markers and a second, abundant population that simultaneously expresses markers of stem and mature absorptive and secretory cells. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Gastrointestinal Organoids: How They Gut It Out

The authors focus on the developmental processes and signaling molecules involved in epithelial homeostasis and how a profound knowledge of these mechanisms allowed the establishment of a three dimensional organoid culture derived from adult gastrointestinal stem cells. [Dev Biol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Marshall University School of Medicine Receives Nearly $2.4 Million Grant to Study Nutrition to Treat Disease

Uma Sundaram, M.D., vice dean for research and graduate education at the Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, has received a five-year $2.39 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to study gastrointestinal absorption of amino acids, specifically glutamine, and its effects on inflammatory bowel disease. [Marshall University] Press Release

NDSU Receives $435,000 Grant for Colon Cancer Research

Researchers in NDSU’s College of Health Professions have received a $435,000 three-year grant award for colon cancer research that focuses on creating more effective therapies to combat colon cancer and lessen chemotherapy side effects. [North Dakota State University] Press Release

US Personalized-Medicine Industry Takes Hit from Supreme Court

Rejections for US patents related to personalized medicine have spiked after recent Supreme Court decisions tightened the rules for such claims, an analysis of more than 39,000 patent applications reveals. [Nature News] Editorial

UK Government Gives Brexit Science Funding Guarantee

British scientists say they’re relieved by a government promise to guarantee them funding for existing EU research projects, even after the country leaves the European Union. But the reassurance only partly allays concerns about Brexit’s effect on UK science. [Nature News] Editorial

Spiking Genomic Databases with Misinformation Could Protect Patient Privacy

Large genomic databases are indispensable for scientists looking for genetic variations associated with diseases. But they come with privacy risks for people who contribute their DNA. A 2013 study showed that hackers could use publicly available information on the Internet to identify people from their anonymized genomic data. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW International Conference on Stem Cell Engineering 2016
October 23-26, 2016
Toronto, Canada

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW PhD Student – Intestinal Epithelial Cell Death and Barrier Function (University of East Anglia)

Technical Sales Representative (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Assistant – Stem Cell Biology of the Intestine (University of Cambridge)

Postdoctoral Fellow or PhD Student – Gastrointestinal Cancers (Goethe University Frankfurt)

Senior Scientist – Human Microbiome (Nestle Institute of Health Sciences)

Postdoctoral Position – Mucosal Immunology (KU Leuven)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Colon Cancer (German Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Cell Biology of Listeria transcytosis Across the Intestinal Epithelium (Institut Pasteur Paris)

Assistant or Associate Member – Stem CellGene Therapy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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