Intestinal Cell News Volume 3.27 | Jul 21 2017

TOP STORY

Continuous In Vitro Exposure of Intestinal Epithelial Cells to E171 Food Additive Causes Oxidative Stress, Inducing Oxidation of DNA Bases but No Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

The authors shed some light on the mechanisms behind the potential toxicity of E171 on epithelial intestinal cells, using two in vitro models: a monoculture of differentiated Caco-2 cells and a coculture of Caco-2 with HT29-MTX mucus-secreting cells. [Nanotoxicology] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASES

Mucin 2 Silencing Promotes Colon Cancer Metastasis through Interleukin-6 Signaling

Researchers examined the effects of mucin 2 (MUC2) on colon cancer metastasis and used vector-mediated application of short hairpin RNA to suppress MUC2 expression. MUC2 suppressed the migration of colon cancer cells in vitro and dramatically diminished liver metastases in vivo. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Exo70 Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Colon Cancer

Through gain- and loss of Exo70 in colon cancer cells, scientists found that Exo70 could enhance the migration ability of colon cancer cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

The Tissue Reconstructing Ability of Colon CSCs Is Enhanced by FK506 and Suppressed by GSK3 Inhibition

Scientists used induced cancer stem cells (iCSCs) to evaluate the molecular mechanism of colon CSCs and developed new methods to control them. The spheres that were derived in vitro from the iCSCs, but not those from parental cells, mimicked human colon cancer tissues in terms of their immunohistological patterns; therefore, sphere forming ability was assessed as a measure of the tissue reconstructing ability of iCSCs. [Mol Cancer Res] Abstract

Oleic Acid Uptake Reveals the Rescued Enterocyte Phenotype of Colon Cancer Caco-2 by HT29-MTX Cells in Co-Culture Mode

Investigators analyzed precisely whether co-culture of two colon cancer cell lines, mucus-producing cells HT29-MTX and enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells, ameliorated differentiation into an in vitro intestinal barrier model and the signaling pathways involved. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

Inhibition of Phosphatidylinositide 3-Kinase Ameliorates Antiproliferation by Benzyl Isothiocyanate in Human Colon Cancer Cells

Scientists clarified the role of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase in antiproliferation induced by benzyl isothiocyanate in human colorectal cancer cells. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

MicroRNA-136 Inhibits Colon Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion through Targeting Liver Receptor Homolog-1/Wnt Signaling

The authors investigated the expression and function of miR-136 in colon cancer and the potential underlying mechanism. They found that miR-136 was decreased in colon cancer cell lines and tissues. [Gene] Abstract

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

Intestinal Stem Cell Overproliferation Resulting from Inactivation of the APC Tumor Suppressor Requires the Transcription Cofactors Earthbound and Erect Wing

Using a Drosophila model, researchers demonstrated that two evolutionarily conserved transcription cofactors, Earthbound and Erect wing, are essential for all major consequences of Apc1 inactivation in the intestine: the hyperactivation of Wnt target gene expression, excess number of intestinal stem cells, and hyperplasia of the epithelium. [PLoS Genet] Full Article

Modeling Mechanical Control of Spindle Orientation of Intestinal Crypt Stem Cells

The authors introduce a model of stem cell division that is able to explain the experimentally observed stem cell population dynamics by the effect of mechanical forces acting on the spindle. [J Theor Biol] Abstract

Proteomics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Approach Using Animal Models

The authors review the information and lessons acquired so far from the use of proteomics in animal models of colitis. These studies helped understand the importance of different proteins at different stages of the disease and unraveled the different pathways that are activated or inhibited during the inflammatory process. [Dig Dis Sci] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Ironwood Pharmaceuticals Reports Positive Top-Line Results from IW-3718 Phase IIb Trial in Uncontrolled Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced positive top-line data from a Phase IIb clinical trial evaluating IW-3718 in adult patients with uncontrolled gastroesophageal reflux disease. [Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation Launches New IBD Clinical Trials Community to Educate and Support Clinical Trial Participation

The Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation launched a dedicated Clinical Trials Community for IBD. The Community is designed to educate patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers about the clinical trial process, its value, and how to address barriers that exist in enrollment. [The Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

Salk Institute Hit with Discrimination Lawsuit by Third Female Scientist

Following two gender discrimination lawsuits filed last week, a third senior female professor at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies has similarly sued the storied independent institute in San Diego, California. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Some Scientists Hate NIH’s New Definition of a Clinical Trial. Here’s Why

Scientists in behavioral research fields — from cognitive psychology to vision science — were dismayed to learn that the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland, could soon deem their studies to be clinical trials. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Relatively Few NIH Grantees Get Lion’s Share of Agency’s Funding

The rich have been getting richer in the biomedical research enterprise, and the system favors those who are already doing pretty well, according to a new analysis of National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant recipients. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets & Cancer Therapeutics
November 5-9, 2017
Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Inflammation and Cancer (Brigham & Women’s Hospital – Harvard Medical School)

NEW Group Leader – Host Pathogen Interactions (QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Organoids (Radboud University)

Postdoctoral Fellowships – Epithelial Cell Biology & Gastrointestinal Neoplasia (Vanderbilt University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Cancer Research (Southern Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Epithelial Cell Biology (University of Gothenburg)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Colorectal Cancer (University of Virginia)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Genomics and Precision Medicine (Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Intestinal Pathogen Research (Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Cancer Epidemiology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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