Intestinal Cell News Volume 3.45 | Nov 24 2017

TOP STORY

Analysis of Fusobacterium Persistence and Antibiotic Response in Colorectal Cancer

In situ hybridization analysis revealed that Fusobacterium was predominantly associated with cancer cells in the metastatic lesions. Mouse xenografts of human primary colorectal adenocarcinomas were found to retain viable Fusobacterium and its associated microbiome through successive passages. [Science] Abstract | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

The Combined Activation of K_Ca3.1 and Inhibition of K_v11.1/hERG1 Currents Contribute to Overcome Cisplatin Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells

To identify novel approaches to overcome cisplatin resistance, investigators tested cisplatin in combination with K⁺ channel modulators on colorectal cancer cells. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

Therapeutic Inhibition of SGK1 Suppresses Colorectal Cancer

The authors found that SGK1 was highly expressed in tumor tissues compared with peri-tumor samples from colorectal cancer patients. In vitro experiments revealed that SGK1 overexpression promoted colonic tumor cell proliferation and migration and inhibited cell apoptosis induced by 5-fluorouracil, while SGK1 shRNA and inhibitors showed the inverse effects. [Exp Mol Med] Full Article

Metformin Transiently Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation as a Result of either AMPK Activation or Increased ROS Production

Researchers studied the anti-cancer activity of metformin on colorectal cancer (CRC) by using the drug to treat HT29, HCT116 and HCT116 p53^−/− CRC cells. Metformin reduced cell proliferation and migration by inducing cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Hypoxia Induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer Cells through Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 47-Mediated Stabilization of Snail: A Potential Role of Sox9

The expression of ubiquitin-specific protease 47 (USP47) was found to be elevated in three different human colorectal cancer cell lines. The enhancement of USP47 in colorectal cancer cells under hypoxic conditions induced the disassembly of E-cadherin and promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition through deubiquitination of Snail. [Sci Rep] Full Article

WNT Inhibitory Activity of Malus Pumila miller cv Annurca and Malus domestica cv Limoncella Apple Extracts on Human Colon-Rectal Cells Carrying Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Mutations

The authors showed that both Annurca and Limoncella apple extracts act as WNT inhibitors, mostly thanks to their polyphenolic contents. They inhibited the pathway in colon cells carrying familial adenomatous polyposis mutations with active dilutions falling in ranges close to consumer-relevant concentrations. [Nutrients] Full Article

Vibrio cholerae OmpU Induces IL-8 Expression in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Investigators evaluated the role of OmpU in induction of IL-8, a representative chemokine that recruits various inflammatory immune cells, in the human intestinal epithelial cell line, HT-29. [Mol Immunol] Full Article

CDX2 Stimulates the Proliferation of Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells by Activating the mTORC1 and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathways

Researchers investigated the effect of caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2) on the proliferation of porcine jejunum epithelial cells and the correlation between CDX2, the mTORC1 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

PEG-4MAL Hydrogels for In Vitro Culture of Human Organoids and In Vivo Delivery to Sites of Injury

Scientists describe a protocol for the synthesis of a fully defined, synthetic hydrogel based on a four-arm poly(ethylene glycol) macromer that supports the in vitro generation and culture of human intestinal organoids. [Protoc Exch] Abstract

Human Intestinal Tract Serves as an Alternative Infection Route for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

The authors demonstrated that human primary intestinal epithelial cells, small intestine explants, and intestinal organoids were highly susceptible to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and can sustain robust viral replication. [Sci Adv] Abstract | Press Release

Bacteriophages Targeting Intestinal Epithelial Cells: A Potential Novel Form of Immunotherapy

Recent advances in research on bacteriophages strongly suggest that—in addition to their established antibacterial activity—they have immunomodulating properties that are potentially useful in the clinic. Researchers suggest that these immunomodulating phage activities targeting intestinal epithelial cells may open novel treatment perspectives in disorders of the alimentary tract, particularly intestinal inflammatory disorders. [Cell Mol Life Sci] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Seattle Children’s Launches $1 Billion Fundraising Campaign to Transform Children’s Health

In order to expand Seattle Children’s T-cell immunotherapy research capabilities, a portion of the campaign will help fund Building Cure, a 540,000 square foot research facility in the heart of downtown Seattle. [Seattle Children’s Hospital] Press Release

Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult Research Highlights the UK’s Growing Global Leadership in Innovative Cell and Gene Therapy Industry

With an increased focus from commercial ventures on pre-clinical research and clinical trials and a significant advance in cell and gene therapy manufacturing capability, this follows a consistent trend of growth across the industry since the Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult was established five years ago. [Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult] Press Release

Nobel Laureates Demand Release of Iranian Scholar Facing Death Sentence

Some 75 Nobel prizewinners have called on the Iranian government to release Ahmadreza Djalali, a researcher in disaster medicine who was sentenced to death last month. The letter is the latest and most powerful protest against the ruling by the scientific community so far. [Nature News] Editorial

Still No Science Advisor at the White House

Ten months into his presidency, Donald Trump has yet to name a science advisor. It’s the longest amount of time a modern president has taken to nominate someone to the position since at least 1976, when Congress established the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy. [MIT Technology Review] Editorial

NEW SYStem – Symposium for the Next Generation of Stem Cell Researchers
February 22-24, 2018
Vienna, Austria

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Group Leader – Cancer Biology (University of Cambridge)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Emory University)

NEW Research Assistant – Organoid Research (Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research)

NEW PhD Student – Stem Cells of the Intestine and the Stomach (German Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Modeling Physical Processes Underlying Digestion (Massey University)

PhD Studentships – MRC WIMM Prize (University of Oxford)

Postdoctoral Fellows – Gastrointestinal Cancers (Baylor Scott & White Health)

Postdoctoral Position – Mucosal Immunology/Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Weill Cornell Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Innate Immune Signaling in the Developing Intestine (UConn Health)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Mucosal Immunology (University of Lorraine)

Postdoctoral Training Fellows – Inflammatory Responses and Cancer (The Francis Crick Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Autophagy and Intestinal Inflammation (University of New Mexico)

Research Associate – Mechanical Cell Competition (University of Bristol)

Faculty Position – Molecular Oncology (Moffitt Cancer Center)

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