Intestinal Cell News Volume 5.05 | Feb 15 2019

TOP STORY

Aging-Like Spontaneous Epigenetic Silencing Facilitates Wnt Activation, Stemness, and Braf^V600E-Induced Tumorigenesis

Using mouse colon-derived organoids, researchers showed that promoter hypermethylation spontaneously arises in cells mimicking the human aging-like phenotype. The silenced genes activated the Wnt pathway, causing a stem-like state and differentiation defects. [Cancer Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

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Human Fetal TNF-α-Cytokine-Producing CD4⁺ Effector Memory T Cells Promote Intestinal Development and Mediate Inflammation Early in Life

Organoid co-cultures revealed a dose-dependent, TNF-α-mediated effect of fetal intestinal CD4⁺ T cells on intestinal stem cell (ISC) development, in which low T cell numbers supported epithelial development, whereas high numbers abrogated ISC proliferation. [Immunity] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

CAPS1 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Metastasis via Snail Mediated Epithelial Mesenchymal Transformation

Overexpression of Ca²⁺-dependent activator protein for secretion 1 (CAPS1) promoted colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro, as well as liver metastasis in vivo, without affecting cell proliferation. [Oncogene] Abstract

PKNOX2 Suppresses Gastric Cancer through the Transcriptional Activation of IGFBP5 and p53

Ectopic PBX/Knotted Homeobox 2 (PKNOX2) expression inhibited cell proliferation in gastric cancer cell lines and suppressed growth of tumor xenografts in mice via induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest; and suppressed cell migration and invasion by blocking epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. [Oncogene] Full Article

NETO2 Promotes Invasion and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer Cells via Activation of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB/Snail Axis and Predicts Outcome of the Patients

Mechanistically, silencing neuropilin and tolloid-like 2 (NETO2) reduced the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and NF-κB p65 as well as the expression of Snail, whereas NETO2 overexpression achieved the opposite results. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

miR-451a Suppressing BAP31 Can Inhibit Proliferation and Increase Apoptosis through Inducing ER Stress in Colorectal Cancer

Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were used to measure BAP31 expressions in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and pericarcinous tissues from 57 CRC patients and CRC cell lines. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the binding of miR-451a to BAP31. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Long-Term In Vitro 3D Hydrogel Co-Culture Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Monocultures and co-cultures were layered on L-pNIPAM hydrogel scaffolds and maintained under dynamic culture conditions for up to 12 weeks. Treatments with IL-1β, TNFα, and hypoxia for one week were used to create an inflammatory environment. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Modulation of Intestinal Epithelial Permeability by Plasma from Patients with Crohn’s Disease in a Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Model

Plasma samples were collected from Chron’s disease patients and healthy controls. 3D Caco-2 cysts were treated with plasma or TNF-α, with or without pre-incubation of adalimumab or JNK inhibitor SP600125. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Protective Effect of Koumine, an Alkaloid from Gelsemium sempervirens, on Injury Induced by H₂O₂ in IPEC-J2 Cells

Preincubation with koumine ameliorated H₂O₂-medicated apoptosis by decreasing reactive oxygen species production, and efficiently suppressed lactate dehydrogenase release and malondialdehyde production. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

miR-144 Inhibits Growth and Metastasis in Colon Cancer by Downregulating SMAD4

Scientists found miR-144 level was significantly lower in colon cancer tissues and SW620 cells. Further, miR-144 mimics treatment inhibited cells proliferation, invasion and migration. [Biosci Rep] Abstract | Full Article

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Function and Mechanisms of Enteroendocrine Cells and Gut Hormones in Metabolism

Depending on the nature of the stimulus, release of gut hormones involves recruitment of a variety of signaling pathways, including G protein-coupled receptors, nutrient transporters and ion channels, which are targets for future therapeutics for diabetes mellitus and obesity. [Nat Rev Endocrinol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Bridge Biotherapeutics Presented Preclinical and Phase I Study Results for BBT-401

Bridge Biotherapeutics Inc. announced that the company presented the preclinical and the Phase I study results for BBT-401, a drug candidate for ulcerative colitis treatment. [Press release from Bridge Biotherapeutics Inc. (PR Newswire Association LLC.) discussing research presented at the Crohn’s & Colitis Congress, Las Vegas] Press Release

Dr. Jason Spence shares his insights on the derivation of organoids from hPSCs. Listen Now

Avapritinib Receives Phase III Clinical Trial Approval for GIST in China

CStone Pharmaceuticals announced that the National Medical Products Administration recently approved a Phase III clinical trial in China for its partnered drug candidate avapritinib as a third-line treatment against KIT-driven gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). [CStone Pharmaceuticals (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

Immunicum AB (Publ) Announces First Patient Treated in Phase Ib/II ILIAD Combination Trial

The trial will evaluate the safety and efficacy of Immunicum’s lead product in development, ilixadencel, in combination with checkpoint inhibitors in three cancer indications: head and neck cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and gastric cancer. [Immunicum AB] Press Release

Tanabe Research Labs Announce FDA Acceptance of Its IND Application for TR1801-ADC (MT-8633), an ADC Targeting cMET Positive Solid Tumors

Tanabe Research Laboratories U.S.A. Inc. announced that the FDA accepted the company’s first Investigational New Drug (IND) application to initiate a Phase I trial for its Antibody Drug Conjugate MT- 8633 in patients with cMet positive solid tumors. [Tanabe Research Laboratories U.S.A. Inc.] Press Release

Hungary’s Scientists Outraged by Government Budget Grab

In the cold afternoon sunshine of 12 February, hundreds of scientists and their supporters formed a human chain around the historic Hungarian Academy of Sciences building in Budapest. The gesture was one of protection. Inside, academy members were holding an emergency meeting to decide how to handle what they say is a serious a threat to the nation’s science community. [Nature News] Editorial

Indian Payment-for-Papers Proposal Rattles Scientists

Indian scientists are criticizing a government proposal to pay graduate students who publish in select journals. They fear that it could degrade the quality of research and lead to an increase in scientific misconduct, by incentivizing publishing rather than good science. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 3^rd SUNRiSE Meeting : New Advances in Cancer Stem Cells
May 16-17, 2019
Nice, France

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Researcher Positions – Intestinal Epithelial Barrier in Autoimmune Diseases (BioMed X Innovation Center)

NEW Faculty Position- General Gastroenterology (Oregon Health and Science University)

NEW Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Intestinal Stem Cell Biology (Columbia University)

NEW Assistant Professor – Basic and Translational Cancer Research (Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center)

Advanced Research Assistant – Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research (Wellcome Sanger Institute)

Research Associate – Infections, Inflammation & Colorectal Cancer (Imperial College of London)

Postdoctoral Position – Colon Cancer (Vanderbilt University)

Postdoctoral Research Opportunities – Cancer Center Program (Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University)

Associate Professor – Oncology (University of California, Davis)

Postdoctoral Position – Paneth Cells (Erasmus MC Cancer Institute)

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