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Pulmonary Cell News| Intestinal Cell News 5.11 March 29, 2019 | |
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TOP STORYResearchers showed that colorectal cancer-initiating cells (C-ICs) were maintained in a stem-like state through a bivalent epigenetic mechanism. Disruption of the bivalent state through inhibition of the H3K27 methyltransferase EZH2 resulted in decreased self-renewal of patient-derived C-ICs. [Nat Commun] Full Article | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)NAD+ Supplementation Rejuvenates Aged Gut Adult Stem Cells Scientists showed the number and proliferative activity of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) but not Paneth cells decline during aging, as did ISC function assessed ex vivo. Levels of SIRT1 and activity of mTORC1 also declined with aging. The treatment with the NAD+ precursor nicotinamide riboside rejuvenated ISCs from aged mice and reversed an impaired ability to repair gut damage. [Aging Cell] Full Article | Press Release Investigators identified a long non-coding RNA, LINC00162, as highly and frequently expressed in gastric cancer cell lines sensitive to 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine. Knockdown of LINC00162 decreased the sensitivity while its overexpression increased the sensitivity. [Oncogene] Abstract To determine the role of trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) and intracellular calcium mobilization in gastric restitution, gastric organoids were derived from TFF2 knockout mice and yellow cameleon-Nano15 transgenic mice, respectively. [J Physiol] Abstract Researchers monitored the viability of HCT-116 cells in the presence of diosmetin (Dis) and investigated the underlying mechanism of Dis against HCT-116 cells at the gene and protein levels using NanoString and proteome profiler array technologies. Findings demonstrated that Dis exhibited greater cytotoxic effects towards HCT-116 colorectal cells as compared to the normal colon CCD-841 cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article FOXS1 Is Regulated by GLI1 and miR-125a-5p and Promotes Cell Proliferation and EMT in Gastric Cancer Investigators found that upregulation of forkhead box S1 (FOXS1) was frequently detected in gastric cancer tissues and strongly correlated with an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. Functional assays confirmed that FOXS1 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation and colony numbers, with induction of cell arrest in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, whereas forced expression of FOXS1 had the opposite effect. [Sci Rep] Full Article An RNA-sequencing assay revealed long noncoding RNAs (IncRNAs) with an ectopic expression between colon cancer (CC) and normal colon epithelial cells, in which lncRNA B4GALT1‐AS1 exhibited the highest change. A 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay indicated that B4GALT1-AS1 knockdown had no effect on CC cell viability, however, cell clone formation analysis showed that B4GALT1-AS1 knockdown attenuated the capacity of cell clone formation. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract Scientists investigated the release of soluble eggshell membrane protein (SEP) from chitosan/fucoidan nanoparticles (CS/F NPs) and evaluated the protective effect of released SEP on intestinal epithelial cell damage. The SEP was successfully extracted and encapsulated by CS/F NPs. [Int J Biol Macromol] Abstract Apical Constriction Is Necessary for Crypt Formation in Small Intestinal Organoids Researchers reported that changes in cell morphology played a crucial role in crypt formation. Crypt formation was preceded by local epithelial thickening, apicobasal elongation, and apical narrowing, resulting in a wedge-like cell-shape, followed by apical evagination and crypt outgrowth. [Dev Biol] Abstract Scientists investigated whether the down-regulation of miR-543 expression enhanced 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis in HCT8/FU colon cancer cells. qRT-PCR revealed that miR-543 expression was up-regulated in the HCT8/FU colon cancer cell line compared with that of HCT8 colon cancer cell line. [Biosci Rep] Full Article Brucine and strychnine displayed profound inhibitory effects on the growth of human colon cancer cells. The results of flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that the two alkaloids induced cellular apoptosis. [Phytother Res] Abstract The authors characterized the N-glycomic phenotype of 16 colon cancer cell lines, selected for their differential caudal-related homeobox protein 1 (CDX1) mRNA expression levels. They found that high CDX1 mRNA expression associated with a higher degree of multi-fucosylation on N-glycans, which was in line with their previous results and was supported by up-regulated gene expression of fucosyltransferases involved in antenna fucosylation. [Cells] Full Article Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Pulmonary Cell News & ESC & iPSC News. | |
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REVIEWSTargeting siRNA in Colorectal Cancer Therapy: Nanotechnology Comes into View The authors summarize various siRNAs targeted by nanoparticles which could be used for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Moreover, they highlight other routes such as liposome for targeting siRNAs in CRC therapy. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSGelesis Presents Preclinical Data Showing Proprietary Hydrogel Restores Gut Barrier Function Gelesis announced compelling preclinical data suggesting that the company’s proprietary hydrogel formulation, Gel-B, restored gut barrier function after damage. [Press release from Gelesis, Inc. discussing research presented at ENDO 2019, New Orleans] Press Release TRACON Pharmaceuticals Announces TRC105, TRC253 and TRC102 Data Presentations TRACON Pharmaceuticals announced that preclinical data from TRC105 and TRC253, as well as Phase II clinical data from TRC102, will be presented. [Press release from TRACON Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (GlobeNewswire, Inc.) discussing research to be presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting, Atlanta] Press Release Rhizen Pharmaceuticals S.A. announces poster presentation of RP4010, a novel first-in-class CRAC channel inhibitor in preclinical models of gastrointestinal cancers. [Press release from Rhizen Pharmaceuticals S.A. discussing research to be presented at Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics, Atlanta] Press Release Bio-Thera Solutions Announces Two Poster Presentations at the 2019 AACR Annual Meeting Bio-Thera Solutions announced the company will present two posters. The first poster, entitled “BAT8001, a potent anti-HER2 antibody drug conjugate with a novel uncleavable linker to reduce toxicity for patients with HER2-positive tumor,” will highlight Phase I clinical data demonstrating the safety and efficacy of BAT8001 in HER2-positive cancer patients. [Press release from Bui-Thera Solutions discussing research to be presented at the American Association for Cancer Research ((AACR)) Annual Meeting, Atlanta] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSNatera, Inc. will partner with AMAL Therapeutics on a clinical trial focused on stage IV colorectal cancer. [Natera, Inc.] Press Release Innovate Biopharmaceuticals Inc. announced it shall collaborate with Laurence Zitvogel, MD, PhD, Department of Immuno-Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France, using larazotide acetate, which is entering the first ever Phase III trial for celiac disease in the second quarter of 2019. [Innovate Biopharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release Calithera Biosciences, Inc. announced that the first patient has been treated in the Phase I/II open-label clinical trial of the glutaminase inhibitor telaglenastat in combination with Pfizer’s poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor talazoparib, also known as Talzenna®, in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors. [Calithera Biosciences, Inc.] Press Release Vaxart Completes Dosing of the Lead-In Cohort in Bivalent Norovirus Vaccine Phase Ib Clinical Trial Vaxart, Inc. announced the completion of dosing of the lead-in cohort in the Phase Ib bivalent norovirus vaccine clinical trial with its oral norovirus GII.4 vaccine. [Vaxart, Inc.] Press Release | |
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EVENTSNEW Cell Symposia: Hallmarks of Cancer Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Position – Animal Genomics & IBD (University of Liège) Graduate Student Position – Breast & Colorectal Cancer Research (Dalhousie University) Postdoctoral Fellow – Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research (University of Toronto) Postdoctoral Fellow – Functional Genomics & IBD (Wellcome Sanger Institute) Faculty Position- General Gastroenterology (Oregon Health and Science University) Associate Professor – Oncology (University of California, Davis) Postdoctoral Position – Paneth Cells (Erasmus MC Cancer Institute) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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