Intestinal Cell News Volume 6.02 | Jan 24 2020

TOP STORY

Erythroid Differentiation Regulator-1 Induced by Microbiota in Early Life Drives Intestinal Stem Cell Proliferation and Regeneration

The authors demonstrated that co-housing of germ-free (GF) mice with specific-pathogen free (SPF) mice at weaning (exGF) resulted in altered intestinal gene expression. They revealed that one highly differentially expressed gene, erythroid differentiation regulator-1, was induced during development in SPF but not GF or exGF mice and localized to Lgr5⁺ stem cells and transit amplifying cells. [Nat Commun] Full Article

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Extensive Rewiring of the EGFR Network in Colorectal Cancer Cells Expressing Transforming Levels of KRAS^G13D

Researchers analyzed how a common oncogenic KRAS mutation (KRAS^G13D) affected protein-protein-interaction network structure and function of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) network in colorectal cancer cells. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Prolyl Hydroxylase 3 Controls the Intestine Goblet Cell Generation through Stabilizing ATOH1

Scientists demonstrated that prolyl hydroxylase (PHD)3 controlled the generation of intestine goblet cells. They found that genetic ablation of Phd3 in mice intestine epithelial cells reduced the amount of goblet cells. [Cell Death Differ] Abstract

Periostin Promotes Colorectal Tumorigenesis through Integrin-FAK-Src Pathway-Mediated YAP/TAZ Activation

The authors demonstrated that periostin deficiency significantly inhibited the occurrence of colorectal cancer in azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-treated mice and in Apc^Min/+ mice. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

B7-H3 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Angiogenesis through Activating the NF-κB Pathway to Induce VEGFA Expression

A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that conditioned medium from B7-H3 knockdown colorectal cancer cells significantly inhibited the migration, invasion, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, whereas overexpression of B7-H3 had the opposite effect. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus Targets Paneth Cells to Inhibit the Self-Renewal and Differentiation of Lgr5 Intestinal Stem Cells via Notch Signaling

Investigators found that transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection severely disrupted intestinal homeostasis via inhibition of self-renewal and differentiation in Lgr5 intestinal stem cells. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

β-Lactams with Antiproliferative and Antiapoptotic Activity in Breast and Chemoresistant Colon Cancer Cells

A series of novel 1,4-diaryl-2-azetidinone analogues of combretastatin A-4 were designed, synthesized and evaluated in vitro for antiproliferative activity, antiapoptotic activity and inhibition of tubulin polymerization. [Eur J Med Chem] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Cathelicidin Mediates a Protective Role of Vitamin D in Ulcerative Colitis and Human Colonic Epithelial Cells

The authors evaluated the link between cathelicidin and vitamin D-associated clinical outcomes in ulcerative colitis patients, explored vitamin D induction of cathelicidin in human colon cells, and evaluated the effects of intrarectal human cathelicidin on a murine model of colitis. [Inflamm Bowel Dis] Abstract

Wnt/β-Catenin-Mediated Heat Exposure Inhibits Intestinal Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Stem Cell Expansion through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

In vitro, a confluent monolayer of IPEC-J2 cells was exposed to high temperatures. The IPEC-J2 cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and barrier were determined, as well as the expression of GRP78, which is a marker protein of endoplasmic reticulum stress. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

SIRT2 Contributes to the Regulation of Intestinal Cell Proliferation and Differentiation

Researchers investigated the role of sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), a NAD-dependent protein deacetylase, in intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation and the mechanism by which SIRT2 contributed to maintenance of intestinal cell homeostasis. [Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol] Abstract | Full Article

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Opioids in Cancer Development, Progression and Metastasis: Focus on Colorectal Cancer

The authors sum up the role of individual opioids in the processes involved in the growth and development of cancer and elucidate if targeting opioid receptors may constitute novel therapeutic option in colon cancer. [Curr Treat Options Oncol] Abstract

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Altimmune Announces Positive Results for ALT-702 in Preclinical Model of Colorectal Cancer

Altimmune, Inc. announced that the company’s immuno-oncology product candidate, ALT-702, met a key pre-clinical efficacy milestone with the demonstration of systemic antitumor activity following intra-tumoral injection in an individual solid tumor. [Altimmune, Inc.] Press Release

Novigenix-Led Consortium Secures Eurostars Funding to Develop Multi-Omics Test for Colon Cancer Detection and Monitoring

Novigenix SA announced that a consortium, including Maastricht University, Biolizard and the KU Leuven, in addition to Novigenix, has been awarded a grant up to €1 million to develop a blood based multi-omics colorectal cancer test. [Novigenix SA] Press Release

Moffitt Cancer Center Details Links of Fired Scientists to Chinese Talent Programs

Six Florida cancer researchers who were dismissed last month for hiding their ties to a Chinese medical university appear to have been motivated by simple greed and a disregard for both institutional and federal rules. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Campus Attacks by Nationalists and Police Alarm India’s Scientific Community

The attack on one of India’s most prestigious universities sent shock waves around the country and is the latest sign that the political forces tearing apart Indian society are also affecting the country’s academic community. Students at JNU, a liberal bastion, had been on strike for months against both a major hike in student fees and the government’s controversial Citizenship Amendment Act, widely decried as discriminatory against Muslims. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2020
April 24-29, 2020
San Diego, California, United States

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NEW PhD Student – Biology of Stem Cells (Dresden University of Technology)

Postdoctoral Position – Epigenetic Control by the Novel Histone Methyltransferase KMT9 (University of Freiburg)

Research Scientist – Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disorders (Genentech, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Immune Regulation and Stem Cells (Long Island University)

Senior Scientist – Drug Concept Discovery (Boehringer Ingelheim)

Faculty Scientist Position – IBD Research (The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Tumor Microenvironment (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Researcher – Synthetic Ecology of Human Gut Microbiota (Flanders Institute for Biotechnology)

Research Scientist – In Vivo Research on Wnt Signaling in Self-Renewel (Surrozen)

Principal Researcher – Systems Disease Biology (Boehringer Ingelheim)

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