Mammary Cell News Volume 5.46 | Nov 21 2013

Proline-Rich Homeodomain Protein (PRH/HHex) Inhibits the Migration of Breast and Prostate Epithelial Cells through Direct Transcriptional Regulation of Endoglin
Data suggests that PRH controls the migration of multiple epithelial cell lineages in part at least through the direct transcriptional regulation of Endoglin. Researchers discuss these results in terms of the functions of PRH in normal cells and the mislocalization of PRH seen in multiple cancer cell types. [Oncogene] Abstract

Asymmetric Segregation of Template DNA Strands in Basal-Like Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Stem or progenitor cells from healthy tissues have the capacity to co-segregate their template DNA strands during mitosis. Here, the authors set out to test whether breast cancer cell lines also possess the ability to asymmetrically segregate their template DNA strands via non-random chromosome co-segregation, and whether this ability correlates with certain properties attributed to breast cancer stem cells. [Mol Cancer] Abstract | Full Article

Ganetespib Blocks Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Activity and Inhibits Tumor Growth, Vascularization, Stem Cell Maintenance, Invasion, and Metastasis in Orthotopic Mouse Models of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Human MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435 triple-negative breast cancer cells were injected into the mammary fat pad of immunodeficient mice that received weekly intravenous injections of ganetespib or vehicle following the development of palpable tumors. Ganetespib treatment markedly impaired primary tumor growth and vascularization, and eliminated local tissue invasion and distant metastasis to regional lymph nodes and lungs. [J Mol Med] Abstract

Upregulated WAVE3 Expression Is Essential for TGF-β-Mediated EMT and Metastasis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Investigators showed that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) selectively and robustly induced the expression of WAVE3 in metastatic breast cancer cells, but not in their nonmetastatic counterparts. [Breast Cancer Res Treat] Abstract

Role of Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Obesity-Associated Tumorigenesis: C3(1)-T_Ag Mice as a Model for Human Basal-Like Breast Cancer
Scientists aimed to determine whether obesity promotes basal-like breast cancer onset in adulthood and to evaluate the role of stromal-epithelial interactions in obesity-associated tumorigenesis. [Breast Cancer Res Treat] Abstract | Press Release

Modeling Vitamin D Actions in Triple Negative/Basal-Like Breast Cancer
The authors characterized the molecular actions of the VDR in a model of triple negative breast cancer. Estrogen independent, invasive mammary tumor cell lines established from wild-type and VDR knockout mice were used to demonstrate that VDR is necessary for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ mediated anti-cancer actions in vitro and to identify novel targets of this receptor. [J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol] Abstract

Binding and Inhibition of Drug Transport Proteins by Heparin: A Potential Drug Transporter Modulator Capable of Reducing Multidrug Resistance in Human Cancer Cells
To determine whether heparin is capable reducing multidrug resistance and increasing the potency of chemotherapeutic drugs, the cytoxicity of a number of agents toward four cancer cell lines (a human enriched breast cancer stem cell line, two human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, and a human lung cancer cell line A549) were tested in the presence or absence of heparin. [Cancer Biol Ther] Abstract

Silencing MAP3K1 Expression through RNA Interference Enhances Paclitaxel-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest in Human Breast Cancer Cells
Investigators compared the expression level of MAP3K1 between normal mammary gland cells and breast cancer cells, and to analyze the effects of silencing MAP3K1 on breast cancer cells with paclitaxel treatment. [Mol Biol Rep] Abstract

Selenium Inhibits LPS-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression by Modulating MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways in Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cells in Primary Culture
Scientists assessed the protective effects and the active mechanism of Na₂SeO₃ against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in mouse mammary epithelial cells. [Inflammation] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

A Phase I Study Evaluating the Combination of an Allosteric AKT Inhibitor (MK-2206) and Trastuzumab in Patients with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Solid Tumors
A Phase I trial was conducted to determine the safety and tolerability of the investigational MK-2206, to prepare for future studies to determine whether the combination with trastuzumab could inhibit compensatory signaling. [Breast Cancer Res] Abstract | Full Article

Addition of Bevacizumab to Three Docetaxel Regimens as Adjuvant Therapy for Early Stage Breast Cancer
This trial evaluated the feasibility of adding bevacizumab to three standard adjuvant docetaxel regimens with a primary endpoint of grade ≥3 congestive heart failure. Phase IIb, randomized, non-comparative study of women with previously untreated node-positive or high-risk node-negative breast cancer. [Breast Cancer Res Treat] Abstract

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New Research to Help Care for Breast Cancer Patients in Their Own Homes
Senior Research Fellow Dr. Collin Sones and Professor Rob Eason are working with colleagues from Medicine and the Institute of Life Sciences – Dr. Spiros Garbis, Professor Peter Smith and Professor Saul Faust – to develop laser-printed paper-based sensors that can be used to detect biomarkers in cancer patients and see how they are responding to their chemotherapy treatment. [AlphaGalileo] Press Release

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NEW PhD Candidate – Wnt-Signaling and Stem Cell Biology in the Mammary Gland (University of Amsterdam)

Assistant, Associate, or Research Professor – Breast Cancer (Indiana University School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Breast Cancer Stem Cell Biology (UC – College of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Computational Biology and Cancer Genomics (Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Computational Biology of Cancer (Gustave Roussy Cancer Institute)

PhD Position – Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis Formation (Claude Bernard University Lyon 1)

Scientist – Particle Chemistry (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

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