Mammary Cell News Volume 7.46 | Nov 26 2015

Estrogen Receptor-α Directly Regulates the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Pathway Associated with Antiestrogen Response in Breast Cancer
The authors found that a subpopulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) targets, many of them bearing both hypoxia response elements and estrogen response elements, are regulated by estrogen receptor-α (ERα) in normoxia and hypoxia. HIF-1α was able to confer endocrine therapy resistance to ERα⁺ breast cancer cells. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

NAMPT Suppresses Glucose Deprivation-Induced Oxidative Stress by Increasing NADPH Levels in Breast Cancer
Researchers determined that breast cancer cells expressing a high level of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) were resistant to cell death induced by glucose depletion. [Oncogene] Abstract

The NAD⁺ Salvage Pathway Modulates Cancer Cell Viability via p73
Researchers showed that breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) harbor significantly higher levels of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and lower levels of p73 than does the normal cell line (MCF-10A), and that NAMPT inhibition is cytotoxic exclusively to the cancer cells. [Cell Death Differ] Abstract

Enhanced Metastatic Potential in a 3D Tissue Scaffold Toward a Comprehensive In Vitro Model for Breast Cancer Metastasis
The authors developed a three-dimensional (3D) scaffold system that mimics the topography and mechanical properties of the breast tumor, thus recreating the tumor microenvironment in vitro to study breast cancer metastasis. [ACS Appl Mater Interfaces] Abstract

miR-671-5p Inhibits Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition by Downregulating FOXM1 Expression in Breast Cancer
Scientists report that miR-671-5p is a tumor-suppressor microRNA (miRNA) in breast tumorigenesis. Forced expression of miR-671-5p in breast cancer cell lines downregulated forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) expression, and attenuated the proliferation and invasion in breast cancer cell lines. [Oncotarget] Full Article

RA-XII Inhibits Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Breast Tumor-Bearing Mice via Reducing Cell Adhesion and Invasion and Promoting Matrix Degradation
The authors investigated the in vitro effects of cyclopeptide glycoside, RA-XII on cell adhesion, invasion, proliferation and matrix degradation, and its underlying mechanism in murine breast tumor cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Increased Expression of MyD88 and Association with Paclitaxel Resistance in Breast Cancer
Knockdown of MyD88 reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of MCF-7 cells and increased the sensitivity of MCF-7 cells to paclitaxel treatment through the inhibition of activation of NF-κB via PI3K/Akt. [Tumor Biol] Abstract

PGC-1β Regulates HER2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer Cells Proliferation by Metabolic and Redox Pathways
Scientists investigated whether there is a relationship between proliferator-activated receptor- gamma coactivator 1 (PGC-1) expression, the proliferation of breast cancer cells and the mechanisms involved. [Tumor Biol] Abstract

Bromoenol Lactone Attenuates Nicotine-Induced Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration
Scientists investigated whether calcium-independent phospholipase A₂ beta mediates nicotine-induced breast cancer cell proliferation and migration through both in vitro and in vivo techniques. [PLoS One] Full Article

β-Hydroxybutyrate Facilitates Fatty Acids Synthesis Mediated by Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein1 in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells
Bovine mammary epithelial cells were treated with different concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and transfected with adenovirus to silence sterol regulatory element-binding protein1 expression. The effects of BHBA on the lipid synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells were investigated. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Afatinib Alone or Afatinib plus Vinorelbine versus Investigator’s Choice of Treatment for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer with Progressive Brain Metastases after Trastuzumab, Lapatinib, or Both (LUX-Breast 3): A Randomized, Open-Label, Multicenter, Phase II Trial
Investigators assessed the efficacy and safety of afatinib, an irreversible blocker of the ErbB protein family, alone or combined with vinorelbine, compared with treatment of the investigator’s choice in women with HER2-positive breast cancer with progressive brain metastases during or after treatment with trastuzumab, lapatinib, or both. [Lancet Oncol] Abstract

Adjuvant Lapatinib and Trastuzumab for Early Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Breast Cancer: Results From the Randomized Phase III Adjuvant Lapatinib and/or Trastuzumab Treatment Optimization Trial
Lapatinib plus trastuzumab improves outcomes for metastatic human epidermal growth factor 2–positive breast cancer and increases the pathologic complete response in the neoadjuvant setting, but their role as adjuvant therapy remains uncertain. [J Clin Oncol] Abstract

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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals Submits Phase II Breast Cancer Protocol to FDA as Part of an Investigational New Drug (IND) Application for Poziotinib
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals announced the company has submitted an IND application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and plans to initiate a Phase II breast cancer study in the U.S. as soon as possible. [Spectrum Pharmaceuticals] Press Release

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NEW Senior Bioinformatics Officer – Breast Cancer Research (Institute of Cancer Research)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Cancer Therapy (Massachusetts General Hospital)

Postdoctoral Position – Epigenetics and Cancer (Moffitt Cancer Center)

Cancer Biologist (Wake Forest Baptist School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Ovarian and Breast Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Academic Breast Pathologist (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center)

Group Leader Position – Cancer Research (Oslo University Hospital)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Metastatic Breast Cancer (Purdue University Center for Cancer Research)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Tumor Dormancy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Metastatic Breast Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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