Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 10.00 | Jan 2 2018

TOP STORY

Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Human Cartilage Regeneration In Vitro

Researchers investigated the role of extracellular vesicles secreted by human bone marrow derived MSC in human osteoarthritis cartilage repair. [Theranostics] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

IN VITRO

TET2 Loss Dysregulates the Behavior of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Accelerates Tet2^−/−-Driven Myeloid Malignancy Progression

Scientists showed that loss of TET2 in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) increases cell proliferation and self-renewal and enhances osteoblast differentiation potential of BMSCs, which may in turn alter their behavior in supporting hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Hepatocyte Growth Factor Improves the Therapeutic Efficacy of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via RAD51

To uncover the anti-senescence mechanism in human embryonic stem cell-derived MSCs (hE-MSCs), the authors compared hE-MSCs with adult bone marrow (hBM-MSCs) and found that HGF was more abundantly expressed in hE-MSCs than in hBM-MSCs and that it induced the transcription of RAD51 and facilitated its SUMOylation at K70. [Mol Ther] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

IFN-γ and TNF-α Pre-Licensing Protects Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from the Pro-Inflammatory Effects of Palmitate

Researchers investigated the phenotype and function of MSCs in a simulated in vitro type 2 diabetes environment. They showed that palmitate, but not glucose, exposure impairs MSC metabolic activity with moderate increases in apoptosis, while drastically affecting proliferation and morphology. [Mol Ther] Abstract

Resveratrol Protects Primary Cilia Integrity of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Cigarette Smoke to Improve Osteogenic Differentiation In Vitro

Investigators indicated that exposure to cigarette smoke extract impaired osteogenic differentiation of a human mesenchymal stem cell line and interestingly, also affected primary cilia distribution and integrity in these cells during differentiation. [Arch Toxicol] Abstract

Construction of Engineered Corpus Cavernosum with Primary Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro

Scientists investigated the feasibility of constructing engineered corpus cavernosum with primary mesenchymal stem cells in a rabbit model in vitro. Acellular corporal matrices were obtained from adult rabbit penile tissues through an established decellularization procedure. [Sci Rep] Full Article

IN VIVO

PEG Hydrogel Containing Calcium-Releasing Particles and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Promote Vessel Maturation

Calcium-releasing particles and human MSCs were combined within a hydrogel to examine their vasculogenic potential in vitro and in vivo. The particles provided sustained calcium release and showed proangiogenic stimulation in a chorioallantoic membrane assay. [Acta Biomater] Abstract

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Failure to Adapt to Glucose Shortage and Rapidly Use Intracellular Energy Reserves through Glycolysis Explains Poor Cell Survival after Implantation

Invetigators established for the first time that the in vivo environment experienced by human MSCs is best reflected by near-anoxia rather than hypoxia in vitro. Under these near-anoxia conditions, human MSCs rely almost exclusively on glucose through anaerobic glycolysis for ATP production and are unable to use either exogenous glutamine, serine or pyruvate as energy substrates. [Stem Cells] Abstract

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Prevent Bleomycin-Induced Lung and Skin Fibrosis in Aged Mice and Restore Wound Healing

Researchers utilized an established aged mouse model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis to test their hypothesis that fibrosis may develop simultaneously in multiple organs by evaluating skin fibrosis and wound healing. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

Degradation of Poly(ε-Caprolactone) and Bio-Interactions with Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

To comprehend the biocompatibility aspects of polymer material, scientists considered mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as model system mimicking in vivo. They revealed that the topography of pure unmodified poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) surface is suitable for cell adhesion. It was also observed that the viability of differentiated cells was maintained in presence of PCL extract. [Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces] Abstract

Required Time for Migration of Bone Marrow-Derived Cells to Dental Pulp after Bone Marrow Transplantation

The authors evaluated the time required for bone marrow–derived cells (BMDCs) from transgenic green fluorescent protein (GFP)⁺ donor mice (GFP⁺ mice) to migrate into the dental pulp of wild-type GFP^– recipient mice (GFP^– mice) by using bone marrow transplantation as an in vivo model for tracking BMDCs from GFP⁺ mice. [J Endod] Abstract

Bone Biomaterials and Interactions with Stem Cells

The authors present a comprehensive review of the state of the art of bone biomaterials and their interactions with stem cells. Typical bone biomaterials that have been developed, including bioactive ceramics, biodegradable polymers, and biodegradable metals, are reviewed, with an emphasis on their characteristics and applications. [Bone Res] Full Article

The State of the Art in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine: The End of the Beginning

This editorial overview reinforces the notion that stem cells are ultimately intrinsic parts of developmental biology, for which pediatrics represents the clinical face. Although stem cells provide the cellular basis for a great deal of only recently recognized plasticity programmed into the developing and postdevelopmental organism, and although there is enormous promise in harnessing this plasticity for therapeutic advantage, their successful use rests on a deep understanding of their developmental imperatives and the developmental programs in which they engage. [Pediatr Res] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

Mesoblast Grants Tigenix an Exclusive Global Patent License to Use Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Local Treatment of Fistulas

Mesoblast Limited and TiGenix NV announced that Mesoblast has granted TiGenix exclusive access to certain of its patents to support global commercialization of the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell product Cx601 for the local treatment of fistulas. [TiGenix] Press Release

Mesoblast Receives FDA Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy Designation for Its Cell Therapy in Heart Failure Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices

Mesoblast Limited announced that the FDA has granted Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy designation for its novel mesenchymal precursor cell therapy in the treatment of heart failure patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and left ventricular assist devices. [Mesoblast Limited (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release

Nobel Laureate Will Step Down from Leading Embattled Salk Institute

Elizabeth Blackburn, the Nobel Prize–winning molecular biologist who took over just 2 years ago as president of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in San Diego, California, announced her intent to retire next summer. The unexpected news comes as Salk faces gender discrimination lawsuits from three veteran female scientists and Blackburn herself has been challenged for not moving quickly enough to change what one plaintiff’s suit called an “old boys club” at the renowned research institute. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Chile Election Reignites Tussle over Science Policy

Chile’s new President-elect Sebastián Piñera is poised to reshape science policy in the country. His plans to forge closer ties among science, education and industry have sparked enthusiasm from scientists who hope the plan will bolster support for their work — but also concern about possible changes in research priorities. [Nature News] Editorial

Facebook Billionaire Pours Funds into High-Risk Research

After his plan to test a cancer vaccine for middle-aged pet dogs was rejected by the US National Institutes of Health, inventor and biochemist Stephen Johnston sought funding outside the mainstream system. The Open Philanthropy Project, a grant-giving organization that is largely funded by Facebook co-founder Dustin Moskovitz and his wife Cari Tuna, announced that Johnston will receive US$6.4 million to test the vaccine he developed. [Nature News] Editorial

New NCI Director Expects Big Data to Revolutionize Cancer Research, Care

Cancer researchers were nervous early this year about who President Donald Trump would choose to replace Harold Varmus as director of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). But their fears of an unconventional candidate proved unfounded when he tapped Norman “Ned” Sharpless. Sharpless, 51, who was then director of the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW Gordon Research Conferences: Fibroblast Growth Factors in Development and Disease
March 25-30, 2018
Ventura, California, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Bone and Stem Cells Biology (Stanford University)

NEW Associate/Full Professor – Regenerative Medicine (University of Florida)

NEW Postdoctoral Associate Positions – Translational Musculoskeletal Research (Penn State College of Medicine)

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cell Differentiation (University of California, Berkeley)

NEW Chair – Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology (University of Wisconsin)

Research Technologist – Mesenchymal and Endothelial Cells (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Scholar Position – Cancer & Stem Cell Epigenomics (University of California, Davis)

Research Associate / Postdoctoral Position – Regenerative Medicine (TU Dresden)

Chair – Models of Regeneration (The Technische Universität Dresden)

Postdoctoral Fellows – Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (Stanford University)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

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