Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 10.19 | May 15 2018

TOP STORY

Low‐Dose Irradiated Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Break Tumor Defensive Properties In Vivo

Investigators showed that mouse bone marrow‐derived MSCs, when primed with low‐dose irradiation, undergo changes in their immunogenic and angiogenic capacity and acquire anti‐tumoral properties in a mouse model of glioblastoma. [Int J Cancer] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

IN VITRO

GATA4-Dependent Regulation of the Secretory Phenotype via MCP-1 Underlies Lamin A-Mediated Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aging

Scientists showed that both progerin overexpression and ZMPSTE24 depletion induce paracrine senescence, especially through the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), in human MSCs. They identified that GATA4 is a mediator regulating MCP-1 expression in response to prelamin or progerin in human MSCs. [Exp Mol Med] Full Article

Changes in Phenotype and Differentiation Potential of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Aging In Vitro

In vitro aging MSCs gradually lost the typical fibroblast-like spindle shape, leading to elevated morphological abnormality and inhomogeneity. While the DMEM-based expansion medium better facilitated MSC proliferation in the early passages, the cell population doubling rate reduced over time in both DMEM and αMEM groups. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

Negative Effects of a High Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Concentration on Human Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cell Trophism: The Use of Natural Compounds as Modulatory Agents

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α differently affected gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) proliferation and the expression of inflammatory-related proteins dependent on its concentration. A high TNF-α concentration decreased the GMSC viability and impaired the positive cross-talk between GMSCs and endothelial cells, probably by enhancing the amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the GMSC secretome. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Abstract

Blocking Nox2 Improves Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapy in Myocardial Infarction via Antagonizing Oxidant and Promoting Survival

The authors found that both Nox2 inhibitor and Nox2 knockdown remarkably countered the decrease of viability, and the increase of aging and apoptosis of bone marrow MSCs by H₂O₂. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

Magnesium Deprivation Potentiates Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transcriptional Remodeling

Investigators showed that magnesium deficiency increases the transcription of multipotency markers and tissue-specific transcription factors in human adipose-derived MSCs exposed to a mixture of natural molecules, i.e., hyaluronic, butyric and retinoid acids, which tunes differentiation. Magnesium deficiency accelerated the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived MSCs. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

Long Noncoding RNA MALAT1 Promotes Osterix Expression to Regulate Osteogenic Differentiation by Targeting miRNA‐143 in Human Bone Marrow‐Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

The authors found that the expression of MALAT1 was much lower in human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) from osteoporosis patients and miR‐143 was contrarily higher. In addition, MALAT1 expression increased, and miR‐143 decreased when hBMSCs were treated with osteogenic induction. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

IN VIVO

miR-5591-5p Regulates the Effect of ADSCs in Repairing Diabetic Wound via Targeting AGEs/AGER/JNK Signaling Axis

miR-5591-5p promoted cell survival and enhanced the ability of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for repairing cutaneous wound in vivo. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Leptin Increases Mitochondrial OPA1 via GSK3-Mediated OMA1 Ubiquitination to Enhance Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation

In vivo, transplantation of leptin-overexpressing human MSCs into the infarcted heart resulted in improved cell viability, leading to enhanced angiogenesis and cardiac function. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promoted Cutaneous Wound Healing by Regulating Keratinocyte Migration via the β2-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling

Exogenous application of MSCs promoted cutaneous wound healing and endowed the keratinocytes surrounding the wound area with an increased migratory phenotype through activation of β2-adrenergic receptor signaling. [Mol Pharm] Abstract

GBR Membrane of Novel Poly (Butylene Succinate-Co-Glycolate) Co-Polyester Co-Polymer for Periodontal Application

Researchers evaluated the in vitro effect of the glycolate ratio on the biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, and evaluated in vivo bone regeneration using these membranes in rabbit calvarial defects by histology. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Using Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Islet Transplantation

Islet transplantation has the potential to cure Type 1 diabetes but current clinical transplantation protocols are inefficient because of the extensive loss of functional islets during the immediate post‐transplantation period. Studies in rodent models have demonstrated that co‐transplanting MSCs with islets improves graft functional survival and transplantation outcomes, and some of the beneficial effects of MSCs are attributable to bioactive molecules secreted by MSCs. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Full Article

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Macrophage Choreography Supporting Spinal Cord Repair

Transplanted MSCs immediately encounter the abundance of inflammatory macrophages in the injury site. It is known that MSCs interact closely and reciprocally with macrophages during tissue healing. The authors review the roles of transplanted MSCs and macrophages in spinal cord injury and repair. [Neurotherapeutics] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

£4M Bid to Find Therapies that Prompt Tissues to Repair

Stem cell scientists, tissue engineers and clinician scientists at Centre for Regenerative Medicine and elsewhere are to join forces to investigate methods of promoting tissue repair in the liver, lungs and joints. The £4 million project seeks to better understand the environment in which stem cells grow in the body, known as the niche. [Centre for Regenerative Medicine] Abstract

Biological Industries USA Announces Initial Winners of MSC Research Awards

Biological Industries USA announces the initial winners of its MSC Research Award, which was unveiled in January. The winners are scientists advancing the fields of cellular therapy and MSC-based research. [Biological Industries USA (Business Wire Inc.)] Press Release

Why It’s Hard to Prove Gender Discrimination in Science

The Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California, asked a judge on 11 May to dismiss portions of three gender-discrimination lawsuits filed by senior female scientists there in July 2017. To prove their cases, the plaintiffs are seeking to compel the Salk — a private research institution — to disclose information about how funds and laboratory space are allocated, as well as about complaints concerning sexual harassment and the unfair treatment of women. [Nature News] Editorial

Sacked Japanese Biologist Gets Chance to Retrain at Crick Institute

Prominent cell biologist Yoshinori Watanabe, who was dismissed by the University of Tokyo last month, is attempting to put his past behind him by embarking on an intensive retraining program with Nobel prizewinner Paul Nurse in London. The university dismissed Watanabe after an investigation concluded that he had committed scientific misconduct. [Nature News] Editorial

FDA Seeks Permanent Injunctions against Two Stem Cell Clinics

The FDA, in two complaints filed in federal court, is seeking permanent injunctions to stop two stem cell clinics from marketing stem cell products without FDA approval and for significant deviations from current good manufacturing practice requirements. [U.S. Food and Drug Administration] Press Release

Hungarian Scientists Are on Edge As Country Is Poised to Force Out Top University

In early April, several days after Viktor Orbán secured his third consecutive term—and fourth overall—as Hungarian prime minister with a landslide victory for his conservative party, the pro-government paper Figyelő; published a list of more than 200 people it called “mercenaries” of George Soros, the American-Hungarian billionaire philanthropist. The list included investigative journalists and human rights advocates—and 30 academics from the Soros-founded, Budapest-based Central European University. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW 2^nd AACR International Conference: Translational Cancer Medicine
September 27-29, 2018
Sao Paulo, Brazil

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Osteoarthritis and MSCs (NUI Galway)

Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cells, Regenerative Biology (Helmholtz Zentrum München)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cell Biology and Disease (European Molecular Biology Laboratory)

Senior Lecturer – Cell Biology and Genetics (University of Chicago)

Postdoctoral Position – Cell Biology (University of Houston)

Review Scientists – Gene and Cell Therapy (Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research)

Postdoctoral Fellow/Senior Scientist – Aortic Aneurysm and Postnatal Bone Growth (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Scientist – Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology (Moderna Therapeutics)

Assistant Professor – Regenerative Medicine (University of California, San Diego)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration (University of South Dakota)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Bone Biology (Cornell University)

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