Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 10.24 | Jun 19 2018

TOP STORY

Hyperstimulation of CaSR in Human MSCs by Biomimetic Apatite Inhibits Endochondral Ossification via Temporal Down-Regulation of PTH1R

Biomimetic bone-like hydroxyapatite induced hyperstimulation of extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and temporal down-regulation of parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R), leading to inhibition of chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs even in the presence of chondroinductive factors, such as transforming growth factor-β1. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

IN VITRO

CXCR1/Akt Signaling Activation Induced by Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived IL-8 Promotes Osteosarcoma Cell Anoikis Resistance and Pulmonary Metastasis

Researchers investigated the effects of MSCs in the cancer microenvironment on the anoikis resistance and pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma cells, and evaluated the critical role of the interleukin (IL)-8/C-X-C chemokine receptor (CXCR) 1/Akt-signaling pathway in these processes. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Notch2 Activation Overcomes Radiation-Induced Injury of the Hematopoietic System

Scientists investigated whether MSCs could contribute to the expansion of hematopoietic cells and mitigate radiation-induced hematopoietic injury in vitro and in vivo. They found that co-culture with MSCs promoted hematopoietic progenitor/stem cell maintenance by providing a bone marrow-like microenvironment. [Sci Rep] Full Article

GATA-4-Expressing Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Cardiac Function after Myocardial Infarction via Secreted Exosomes

The authors investigated whether exosomes secreted by mouse GATA-4-expressing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) could induce BMSC differentiation into myocyte precursors, decrease cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and improve cardiac function following myocardial infarction. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Melatonin Rescued Interleukin 1β-Impaired Chondrogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Scientists showed that melatonin can save interleukin-1β-impaired chondrogenesis of human bone marrow MSCs by restoring pellet size, matrix accumulation, maintaining metabolic balance and reducing cell apoptosis. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

miR-383 Negatively Regulates Osteoblastic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rats by Targeting Satb2

Overexpression of miR-383 suppressed osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow MSCs by downregulating alkaline phosphatase, matrix mineralization, and mRNA and protein levels of RUNX2 and OCN, whereas a knockdown of miR-383 promoted osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. [Bone] Abstract

Depletion of Sirt3 Leads to the Impairment of Adipogenic Differentiation and Insulin Resistance via Interfering Mitochondrial Function of Adipose-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

The authors used adipose-derived human MSCs to investigate the role of Sirt3 in adipogenic differentiation and in the function of mature adipocytes. They showed that at the early stage of adipogenic differentiation, Sirt3 upregulation is essential for the activation of biogenesis and bioenergetic function of mitochondria. [Free Radic Res] Abstract

The Effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Exposure on Osteoinduction of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured on Nano-TiO₂ Surfaces

Pulsed electromagnetic field exposure affected titanium dioxide (TiO₂)-seeded cells osteogenesis by interfering with selective calcium-related osteogenic pathways, and greatly enhanced human bone marrow-derived MSCs osteogenic features such as the expression of early/late osteogenic genes and protein production and ALP activity. [PLoS One] Full Article

IN VIVO

Intravenous Infusion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alters Motor Cortex Gene Expression in a Rat Model of Acute Spinal Cord Injury

Investigators examined the brain response that might be associated with the functional improvements induced by the infused MSCs after spinal cord injury (SCI). Genome-wide RNA profiling was performed in the motor cortex of SCI rats at three days post-MSC or vehicle infusion. [J Neurotrauma] Abstract

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Porous β-Tricalcium Phosphate Composites Prepared through Stem Cell Screen-Enrich-Combine(−Biomaterials) Circulating System for the Repair of Critical Size Bone Defects in Goat Tibia

The MSCs and porous β-tricalcium phosphate composites prepared through stem cell screen-enrich-combine(−biomaterials) circulating system demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy in goat models of critical size bone defect. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

The Art of Building Bone: Emerging Role of Chondrocyte-to-Osteoblast Transdifferentiation in Endochondral Ossification

The authors focus on the emerging models of chondrocyte-to-osteoblast transdifferentiation and their implications for the treatment of skeletal diseases as well as the possible signaling pathways that contribute to chondrocyte-to-osteoblast transdifferentiation processes. [Bone Res] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

National Cancer Institute Selects ASU to Lead Revolutionary Research in Cancer

Arizona State University (ASU) has been awarded more than $8.5 million over five years from the National Cancer Institute to establish the Arizona Cancer and Evolution Center. The grant will establish ASU as the hub of an international network of research scientists who are dedicated to understanding cancer in an entirely new way. [National Cancer Institute] Press Release

The Scripps Research Institute and ShangPharma Innovation Announce Translational Research Collaboration

The Scripps Research Institute and ShangPharma Innovation, Inc. announced a strategic collaboration to accelerate the development of innovative drug candidates through scientific collaboration, a services relationship with Shanghai ChemPartner Co. Ltd., and sponsored research at TSRI and its drug discovery affiliate, California Institute for Biomedical Research. [The Scripps Research Institute] Press Release

House Bill Gives NIH a 3% Boost in 2019, to $38.3 Billion

A draft bill released by a House of Representatives spending panel would give the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland, a $1.25 billion raise in 2019, to $38.3 billion. That is 3% more than this year’s level and $4.1 billion more than President Donald Trump’s administration had requested. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

U.S. Legislators Back Larger Facilities Budget for NSF

The National Science Foundation (NSF) in Alexandria, Virginia, is in line for a budget increase of 4% to 5% next year. That assessment is based on bills approved recently by the spending committees in both chambers of Congress. Lawmakers have also signaled support for growing the account that NSF uses to build major new scientific facilities. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Why the Medical Research Grant System Could Be Costing Us Great Ideas

The medical research grant system in the United States, run through the National Institutes of Health, is intended to fund work that spurs innovation and fosters research careers. In many ways, it may be failing. [The New York Times] Editorial

NEW The New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF) Conference
October 23-24, 2018
New York, New York, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Research Fellow – Stem Cell Biology and Engineering (New York Blood Center)

NEW Research Assistant – Cell Culture and Engineering (University of Oxford)

Canada Excellence Research Chair – Cardiac Regeneration (University of Toronto and The Hospital for Sick Children)

Research Associate – Advanced Cell Culture Biology (The University of Manchester)

Experimental Postdoctoral Position – Single-Cell Functional Genomics (Heidelberg University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Stem Cell Based Regenerative Medicine (Karolinska Institutet)

Postdoctoral Positions – Cell Biology (Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia)

Postdoctoral Research Assistant – Cell Biology (University of Oxford)

Postdoctoral Position – Cell Biology (University of Houston)

Review Scientists – Gene and Cell Therapy (Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

Have we missed an important article or publication in Mesenchymal Cell News? Click here to submit!

Comments or suggestions? Submit your feedback here.