Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 10.44 | Nov 6 2018

TOP STORY

Mechanical Strain Determines the Site-Specific Localization of Inflammation and Tissue Damage in Arthritis

Researchers showed that biomechanical loading acts as a decisive factor in the transition from systemic autoimmunity to joint inflammation. Mechano-stimulation of MSCs induced CXCL1 and CCL2 for the recruitment of classical monocytes, which could differentiate into bone-resorbing osteoclasts. [Nat Commun] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

IN VITRO

Reciprocal Reprogramming of Cancer Cells and Associated Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Gastric Cancer

Scientists revealed increased R-spondin expression in primed-MSC, and paracrine and juxtacrine mediated elevation of Lgr5 expression in gastric cancer cells (GSC1), suggesting GSC-MSC-mediated support of cancer stemness in GSC1. [Stem Cells] Abstract

GOLM1 Stimulation of Glutamine Metabolism Promotes Osteoporosis via Inhibiting Osteogenic Differentiation of BMSCs

Golgi membrane protein 1 (GOLM1) expression and glutamine metabolism were suppressed by osteogenic differentiation-inducing media (Odi). GOLM1 blockage or inhibition of glutamine metabolism promoted the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow MSCs induced by Odi. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article

Elevated Extracellular Calcium Ions Promote Proliferation and Migration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Increasing Osteopontin Expression

Investigators found that elevated extracellular calcium ions (Ca²⁺) promoted cell proliferation and matrix mineralization of MSCs. In addition, MSCs induced the expression and secretion of osteopontin, which enhanced MSCs migration under the elevated extracellular Ca²⁺ conditions. [Exp Mol Med] Full Article

TRPM7 and MagT1 in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro

The authors showed that the kinase and cation channel TRPM7 and the magnesium transporter MagT1 have a role in harmonizing the osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs. TRPM7 and MagT1 were upregulated in osteogenic differentiation and silencing either one accelerated osteogenic differentiation, partly through the activation of autophagy. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Pannexin 1 Regulates Adipose Stromal Cell Differentiation and Fat Accumulation

Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) isolated from pannexin 1 lacking mice proliferated less but demonstrated enhanced adipogenic differentiation with increased intracellular lipid accumulation, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activity, and adipokine secretion, as compared to wild type ASCs. [Sci Rep] Full Article | Press Release

IN VIVO

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Induced Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages Synergistically Improve Liver Fibrosis in Mice

MSCs, colony-stimulating factor-1-induced bone marrow-derived macrophages (id-BMMs), and a combination therapy using MSCs and id-BMMs were administered to mice with CCl4-induced cirrhosis. The combination therapy reduced liver fibrosis, increased hepatocyte proliferation, and reduced blood levels of liver enzymes, more effectively than MSCs or id-BMMs monotherapy. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Full Article | Editorial

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Deficiency Suppresses Osteoblastic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Mice

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency significantly blunted the expression of osteogenic genes, such as osterix and alkaline phosphatase enhanced by bone morphogenetic protein-2 in bone marrow-derived MSCs, adipose-tissue-derived MSCs, and bone marrow stromal cells of mice. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Genetically Engineered to Produce Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor for Revascularization in Wound Healing and Ischemic Conditions

The MSC/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) product was successfully developed and characterized using good manufacturing practice-compliant methods, and researchers completed experiments showing that MSC/VEGF significantly increased blood flow in the ischemic limb of immune deficient mice, compared to the saline controls in each study. [Transfusion] Abstract

Stem Cells Derived from Burned Skin – the Future of Burn Care

Scientists report that debrided burned skin, which is routinely excised from patients and otherwise considered medical waste and unconsciously discarded, contained viable, undamaged cells which showed characteristics of mesenchymal skin stem cells. Those cells could be extracted, characterized, expanded, and incorporated into created epidermal-dermal substitutes to promote wound healing in immune-compromised mice and Yorkshire pigs without adverse side effects. [EBioMedicine] Full Article | Press Release

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Exploring Immunomodulatory Features of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Humanized Mouse Models

With further advances in their resemblance to human immunobiology, it is very likely that humanized mice will be used more commonly as models to investigate MSCs with regard to their therapeutic safety and their immunomodulatory effect and its underlying mechanisms. Recent studies that explore the immunosuppressive features of MSCs in humanized mouse models are discussed in this review. [Stem Cells] Abstract | Full Article

Extracellular Vesicle and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Bone Regeneration: Recent Progress and Perspectives

Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted increased attention due to their function in bone repair and advantages over traditional cell therapy. Investigators aim at summarizing the function of EVs and MSCs in bone metabolism and regeneration. [J Biomed Mater Res A] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

Bone Therapeutics Announces Conclusions from Interim Analysis of Phase III PREOB Study in Hip Osteonecrosis

BONE THERAPEUTICS announced the conclusions of the Data and Safety Monitoring Board for the interim analysis of the Phase III osteonecrosis study of PREOB in 44 patients with a 12-month follow-up. [Bone Therapeutics S.A.] Press Release

SanBio Announces Phase II STEMTRA Trial Using SB623 Cells for Treatment of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury Met Primary Endpoint

The SanBio Group announced that the Phase II STEMTRA trial using SB623 cells for the treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury, met its primary endpoint. [SanBio Co, Ltd.] Press Release

City of Hope, TGen Announce Letter of Intent to Build Cell Therapy Manufacturing Facility in Phoenix

City of Hope and its affiliate, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), have announced a letter of intent to develop a state-of-the-art cell therapy manufacturing facility in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area, a move that would improve the speed at which stem cell research and cancer treatment is delivered. [City of Hope] Press Release

Esperite Group with the Cell Factory Expands Its Extracellular Vesicles Product Portfolio of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs with a Fourth Indication: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

The Cell Factory in collaboration with the University of Padova, Italy has completed pre-clinical in vivo tests of the CF-MEV-132 drug candidate for the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Their approach is focused on using CF-MEV-132 drug candidate (extracellular vesicles derived from MSCs) to inhibit lung inflammation and improve the regeneration process in preterm babies with BPD. [ESPERITE N.V. (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release

Calidi Biotherapeutics, Inc. Granted New Patent from USPTO for Cell-Based Delivery of Oncolytic Vaccinia Viruses

Calidi Biotherapeutics, Inc. announced that it has been granted a new patent from the United States Patent Office (USPTO). Patent Number: 10,105,436 “Smallpox Vaccine for Cancer Treatment” covers the use of oncolytic vaccinia viruses with adipose stromal (stem) cells for the treatment of solid tumors or hematologic malignancies. [Calidi Biotherapeutics.] Press Release

Cellect Receives Multiple Patent Grants

Cellect Biotechnology Ltd. announced that it has received a formal Notice of Allowance from the Japanese and Australian Offices for Patents & Trademarks covering a key composition of matter and method of use of Cellect’s ApoGraft technology in devices for stem cell selection. [Cellect Biotechnology Ltd. (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

Wellcome and Gates Join Bold European Open-Access Plan

Two of the world’s largest biomedical research funders have backed a plan to make all papers resulting from work they fund open access on publication by 2020. On 5 November, the London-based Wellcome Trust and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in Seattle, Washington, announced they were both endorsing ‘Plan S’, adding their weight to an initiative already backed by 13 research funders across Europe since its launch in September. [Nature News] Editorial

NSF Suspends Program Allowing Graduate Fellows to Study Abroad

The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) has halted a program that each year allows hundreds of the nation’s best graduate students to work with experts in another country. And the agency isn’t saying why—or whether the program will resume. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW 2^nd Annual Meeting of the French Society for Stem Cell Research (FSSCR)
December 11, 2018
Nantes, France

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Associate Professor/Professor – Regenerative Medicine or Stem Cell Biology (University of Toronto)

NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Tissue Engineering & Organs on a Chip (OHSU School of Dentistry)

Professor – Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (University College London)

Group Leader Positions – Stem Cell & Developmental Biology & Organoid Research (IMBA Austrian Academy of Sciences)

Assistant/Associate Professors – Center for Stem Cell & Organoid Medicine (Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center)

Faculty Position – Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (Mayo Clinic)

Postdoctoral Fellowships – Nanomedicine & Biomedical Engineering (University of British Columbia)

PhD Positions/ Early Stage Researcher Positions – EU Horizon 2020 MSCA-ITN Project (Renal Tool Box)

Assistant Professor – Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology (Harvard University)

Faculty Positions – Biomedical Engineering (Pennsylvania State University)

Tenure Track Group Leader Position – Mechanisms in Multicellularity or Tissue Regulation (Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research)

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