Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 11.24 | Jun 25 2019

TOP STORY

Roles of the Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell Marker Meflin in Cardiac Tissue Repair and the Development of Diastolic Dysfunction

Investigators found that meflin had an inhibitory role in myofibroblasts differentiation of cultured MSCs. Meflin expression was downregulated by stimulation with transforming growth factor-β, substrate stiffness, hypoxia, and aging. Histological analysis revealed that meflin-positive fibroblastic cells and their lineage cells proliferated in the hearts after acute myocardial infarction and pressure-overload heart failure mouse models. [Circ Res] Abstract

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IN VITRO

Reduced Subcutaneous Adipogenesis in Human Hypertrophic Obesity Is Linked to Senescent Precursor Cells

Researchers examined the regulation of adipogenesis in human subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) precursor cells and found ZNF521 to be a critical regulator of early adipogenic commitment and precursor cells leaving the cell cycle. However, neither altered upstream signaling nor lack of SAT progenitor cells could explain the reduced adipogenesis in hypertrophic obesity. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Dynamic Secretome of Bone Marrow-Derived Stromal Cells Reveals a Cardioprotective Biochemical Cocktail

By creating an experimental and computational analysis platform, the authors reconstructed dynamic secretory signatures of cells based on a very limited number of time points. By using this approach, they demonstrated that the secretory signatures of CD133-positive bone-marrow derived stromal cells were uniquely defined by distinct biological contexts, including signals from injured cardiac cells undergoing oxidative stress, characteristic of cardiac infarction. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Long Noncoding RNA ANCR Inhibits the Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells toward Definitive Endoderm by Facilitating the Association of PTBP1 with ID2

Investigators profiled the expression changes of lncRNAs and found that antidifferentiation noncoding RNA (ANCR) was downregulated during the differentiation of both human adipose-derived (hA)MSCs and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to definitive endoderm (DE) cells. ANCR knockdown resulted in the elevated expression of DE markers in hAMSCs, but not in ESCs. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) Maintains Osteogenic Potency by the Increased Expression and Stability of Nanog through Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (Syk) Activation

Scientists examined the protective effects LIPUS on the maintenance of osteogenic potency. Primary osteoblastic cells were serially passaged between 2 and 12 times with daily LIPUS treatment. [Cell Signal] Abstract

Evaluation of Neurosecretome from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Encapsulated in Silk Fibroin Hydrogels

Although the survival of mesenchymal stem cells was not affected inside hydrogels, the silk biomaterial format caused adhesion and proliferation deficits and impaired secretion of several angiogenic, chemoattractant and neurogenic factors while concurrently potentiating the anti-inflammatory capacity of this cell population through a massive release of TGF-Beta-1. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Molecular Phenotyping of the Surfaceome of Migratory Chondroprogenitors and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using Biotinylation, Glycocapture and Quantitative LC-MS/MS Proteomic Analysis

The authors performed biotinylation combined with glycocapture and high throughput shotgun proteomics to define the surface proteome of human bone marrow MSCs and human chondrogenic progenitor cells (CPCs). They prepared cell surface protein-enriched fractions from MSCs and CPCs, and then a proteomic approach was used to compare and evaluate protein changes between undifferentiated MSCs and CPCs. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Evaluation of Bone Allograft Processing Methods: Impact on Decellularization Efficacy, Biocompatibility and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Functionality

Biocompatibility of grafts was assessed by testing the effect of extraction medium on MSC viability and comparing them to commercially available allografts and xenografts. Additionally, grafts’ performance in terms of MSC functionality was assessed by reseeding with MSCs pre-differentiated in osteogenic medium and determining cell adhesion, proliferation, as well as alkaline phosphatase activity and the degree of mineralization. [PLoS One] Full Article

Adipose Tissue Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Better Respondents to TGFβ1 for In Vitro Generation of Cardiomyocyte-Like Cells

Investigators compared the ability and efficiency of differentiation of MSCs isolated from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue (ADSC) into cardiomyocyte-like cells to aid translational research. To fulfill this aim, freshly isolated BM-MSCs and ADSCs were differentiated into cardiomyocytes using 5-Azacytidine and TGF-β1. [Mol Cell Biochem] Abstract

IN VIVO

Long-Term Evaluation of Allogeneic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy for Crohn’s Disease Perianal Fistulas

A double-blind dose-finding study for local bone marrow (bm)MSC-therapy in 21 patients with refractory perianal fistulising Crohn’s disease was performed at the Leiden University Medical Center in 2012-2014. All patients treated with bmMSCs were invited for a four-year evaluation. [J Crohns Colitis] Abstract

Ginkgolide B Promotes Osteoblast Differentiation via Activation of Canonical Wnt Signaling and Alleviates Osteoporosis through a Bone Anabolic Way

The authors showed the in vitro and in vivo effects of Ginkgolide B (GB) on osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. They found that GB promoted osteoblast differentiation of bone MSCs and MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro in a Wnt/β-catenin-dependent manner. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article

Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Acute Liver Injury in Rat Model of CLP Induced-Sepsis via sTNFR1

Researchers tested the hypothesis that rat adipose-derived MSCs produce a amount of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, which ameliorated liver injury and inflammation and increased the survival rate of septic rat model. [Exp Cell Res] Abstract

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Empowering Tendon Regenerative Therapies

Scientists provide an overview of the main challenges in the field of cell-based regenerative therapies, discussing the role of MSCs in boosting tendon regeneration, particularly through their capacity to enhance the tenogenic properties of tendon resident cells. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

Prospects for the Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment

Therapies based on MSCs have provided hopeful results in experimental models regarding several disorders. MSCs enhance the levels of functional recoveries in pathologic experimental models of central nervous system and are being investigated in clinical trials in neurological disorders. [Life Sci] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

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Krystal Biotech Announces Positive Results from Phase II Clinical Trial of KB103 and Receives Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy Designation from FDA for KB103

Krystal Biotech, Inc. announced positive results from its Phase II placebo-controlled clinical trial of KB103 study and an update on results from its Phase I study. [Krystal Biotech, Inc.] Press Release

New York Genome Center Awarded $1.5M Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Grant to Develop Integrative Single-Cell Analysis Toolkit for the Human Cell Atlas Project

Scientists at the New York Genome Center and the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have been awarded a $1.5 million collaborative grant over three years from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative to support the development of a toolkit for integrated multimodal cell profiling. [New York Genome Center] Press Release

Iranian Biologists Face US Trial for Trying to Take Proteins Out of the Country

Three Iranian biologists are facing trial in a US court over charges that they violated trade sanctions by attempting to export chemicals known as growth factors, which are commonly used in medical research. The scientists have asked a federal district court judge in Atlanta, Georgia, to dismiss the criminal charges against them. [Nature News] Editorial

UK’s Leading Mouse Genetics Center Faces Closure

Britain’s leading center for mouse genetics is facing closure in a move that critics say will undermine crucial research on serious diseases and threaten the standing of UK science. The Medical Research Council has told staff at its Harwell Institute in Oxfordshire that an internal strategy board recommended the closure of all academic work at the site, threatening research on diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, child deafness and other conditions. [The Guardian] Editorial

House Panel Clarifies How Universities Would Report Sexual Harassment Cases to US Funders

New rules from the National Science Foundation (NSF) on reporting sexual harassment by someone with an NSF grant raise questions about due process, university administrators say. A key congressional panel took those concerns to heart by modifying language in a bill that would require the administration to write guidelines applying to half a dozen major federal research agencies. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW The New York Stem Cell Conference Foundation Conference
October 22-23, 2019
New York, New York, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Assistant Director – Cell & Gene Therapy (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology & Respiratory Disease Research with MSCs (Boehringer Ingelheim)

NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Lung Repair (University of California San Francisco Medical Centre)

NEW Development Scientist – Cell Therapy (GE)

Postdoctoral Researchers – Cardiometabolic Diseases (Columbia University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – MSCs in Skeletal Development (University of Pennsylvania)

Assistant Professor – Musculoseketal Biology (Keck School of Medicine of USC)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Regenerative Medicine & Developmental Genetics (Medical School of Chonnam National University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Scaffolding and Drug Delivery in Regenerative Medicine (IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza)

Assistant Professor – Sarcoma or Skeletal Related Malignancies (University of California at Davis)

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