Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 2.39 | Oct 5 2010

Relevance of the Mevalonate Biosynthetic Pathway in the Regulation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Mediated Effects on T Cell Proliferation and B Cell Survival 
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells can suppress T lymphocyte proliferation, but promote survival of normal and malignant B cells, thus representing a possible target for new therapeutic schemes. Herein, researchers defined the effects of cholesterol synthesis inhibitors on the interaction between these mesenchymal stromal cells and T or B lymphocytes. [Haematologica]

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Technique to Reattach Teeth Using Stem Cells Developed at UIC
A new approach to anchor teeth back in the jaw using stem cells has been developed and successfully tested in the laboratory for the first time by researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago. [Press release from the University of Illinois at Chicago discussing online prepublication in Tissue Engineering]

Adipose-Derived Stem & Regenerative Cells Reduce Mortality, Improve Renal Function in Preclinical Acute Kidney Injury Study Data Published Today
Preclinical data was published on research performed by Cytori Therapeutics showing adipose-derived stem and regenerative cells, either fresh or banked, demonstrated statistically significant improvements in animal survival and kidney function in an acute kidney injury animal model. [Press release from Cytori Therapeutics discussing online prepublication in Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation]

		Defining Characteristics of Bona Fide Human iPS Cells Speaker: Sutheera Ratanasirintrawoot, PhD Candidate G. Daley & T. Schlaeger Labs, Harvard Medical School
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Cardiospheres Recapitulate a Niche-Like Microenvironment Rich in Stemness and Cell-Matrix Interactions, Rationalizing Their Enhanced Functional Potency for Myocardial Repair
Researchers tested the hypothesis that growing cardiac-derived cells as three-dimensional cardiospheres may recapitulate a stem cell niche-like microenvironment, favoring cell survival and enhancing functional benefit after transplantation into the injured heart. [Stem Cells]

Targeting of XIAP Combined With Systemic Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Delivery of sTRAIL Inhibits Metastatic Growth of Pancreatic Carcinoma Cells
Here, researchers combine the tumor-specific apoptosis-inducing activity of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) with the ability of mesenchymal stem cells to infiltrate both tumor and lymphatic tissues to target primary tumors as well as disseminated cancer cells in a human pancreatic cancer mouse model. [Stem Cells]

Inhibition of Immune Synapse by Altered Dendritic Cell Actin Distribution: A New Pathway of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Immune Regulation
The aim of this work was to elucidate the immunogenic effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell/dendritic cell (DC) interactions during DC activation (LPS stimulation or Ag loading). [J Immunol]

The Effects of Culture on Genomic Imprinting Profiles in Human Embryonic and Fetal Mesenchymal Stem Cells
The results suggest that regardless of stem cell origin, in vitro culture affects the integrity of imprinted gene expression in human cells. [Epigenetics]

Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Explosive T Cell Proliferation
Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured with nonactivated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the activation, proliferation, and function of PBMCs were examined. [Stem Cells Dev]

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Stimulation of Tissue Growth Depends on Differentiation State
This study investigated the stimulatory capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) during osteogenesis and the impact of MSC phenotype on cartilage stimulation. [Stem Cells Dev]

Pluripotency Regulators in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Expression of NANOG but not of OCT-4 and SOX-2
Transcription factors that regulate the maintenance of the pluripotent state in embryonic stem cells, including NANOG, SOX2 and OCT4, have been proposed to play a similar role also in adult stem cells, although with conflicting results. Researchers propose that activation of NANOG expression in mesenchymal stem cells is associated with, although cannot directly regulate, the transition from in vivo quiescence to adaptation to in vitro growth conditions. [Stem Cells Dev]

Fresh and Cryopreserved, Uncultured Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem and Regenerative Cells Ameliorate Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Researchers investigated the possible renoprotection of freshly isolated, uncultured adipose tissue-derived stem and regenerative cells before and after cryopreservation in a rat ischemia-reperfusion model of acute kidney injury. [Nephrol Dial Transplant]

Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Mechanically Stable Posterior Spine Fusion
In this study, researchers hypothesized that posterior spinal fusion achieved using genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells would be mechanically comparable to that realized using a mechanical fixation. [Tissue Eng Part A]

Amniotic Fluid-Derived MSCs Lead to Bone Differentiation When Co-Cultured With Dental Pulp Stem Cells
Researchers found that osteoblasts derived from dental pulp stem cells released large amounts of BMP-2 and VEGF into the culture medium and that those morphogens significantly upregulate RUNX-2 gene, stimulating osteogenesis. [Tissue Eng Part A]

Alphatec Spine, Inc. Releases Puregen (TM) Osteoprogenitor Cell Allograft to Facilitate Bone Regeneration and Announces First Patient Procedure Performed in the World
Alphatec Holdings, Inc., the parent company of Alphatec Spine, Inc., a medical device company that designs, develops, manufactures and markets products for the surgical treatment of spine disorders, with a focus on treating conditions related to the aging spine, announced the release of its PureGen Osteoprogenitor Cell Allograft at the North American Spine Society Meeting (NASS) in Orlando, Florida. [Alphatec Spine, Inc. Press Release]

NIH Grants Will Advance Studies of the Form and Function of Proteins
The National Institutes of Health has awarded 23 grants for structural biology research totaling up to $290 million over five years. [National Institutes of Health, United States]

NCBI Launches the Database of Genomic Structural Variations
The National Institutes of Health announced the launch of a new resource, called the Database of Genomic Structural Variation, or dbVar, to help scientists understand how differences in DNA contribute to human health and disease. [National Institutes of Health, United States]

Lawmakers Introduce Bipartisan Legislation to Create Jobs and Promote Investment in Life Sciences
U.S. Representatives introduced bipartisan legislation that will provide tax incentives for small and mid-sized businesses to invest in life sciences research and development on a targeted basis. The Life Sciences Jobs and Investment Act of 2010 provides an opportunity to enhance medical innovation, life sciences education and job creation in the United States. [House of Representatives, United States]

NIH and FDA Announce Awards to Advance Regulatory Science
The National Institutes of Health will award $9.4 million over three years to support four research projects in regulatory science. This research is conducted in partnership with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, which will contribute approximately $950,000. [National Institutes of Health and Food and Drug Administration, United States]

Tumor Microenvironment Network (TMEN) (U54) (RFA-CA-10-021) [Department of Health and Human Services, United States]

Resource Related Research Projects for Development of Animal Models and Related Materials (R24) (PAR-10-289) [National Center for Research Resources, United States]

Animal and Biological Material Resource Centers (P40) (PAR-11-001) [National Center for Research Resources, United States]

NHLBI Translational Research Implementation Program (TRIP) – Limited Competition – (P50) (RFA-HL-12-003) [National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, United States]

Division of Program Coordination, Planning, and Strategic Initiatives, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health; Notice of Meeting (FR Doc. 2010-24548) [National Institutes of Health, United States]

Center for Scientific Review; Notice of Closed Meetings (FR Doc. 2010-24680) [National Institutes of Health, United States]

Center for Scientific Review; Notice of Closed Meetings (FR Doc. 2010-24549) [National Institutes of Health, United States]