Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 5.35 | Sep 10 2013

Sulforaphane Inhibits Mammary Adipogenesis by Targeting Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Scientists examined the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)-differentiated adipocytes on breast cancer cell migration, and tested the effects of sulforaphane on adipocyte-breast cancer cell interaction. Their results demonstrated that sulforaphane promotes MSC self-renewal and inhibits adipogenic differentiation. [Breast Cancer Res Treat] Abstract

Synergistic Effect of Indian Hedgehog and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Gene Transfer to Increase the Osteogenic Potential of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Researchers induced the overexpression of the growth factors bone morphogenetic protein 2 and/or Indian hedgehog in human mesenchymal stem cells by adenoviral transduction to increase their osteogenic potential. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Abstract | Full Article

Enhanced Dopamine Release by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reprogrammed Neuronally by the Modulators of SMAD Signaling, Chromatin Modifying Enzymes, and Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Levels
Scientists demonstrated that release of dopamine by neurally induced human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiated with SMAD inhibitor supplementation increased significantly from picogram to nanogram levels, with a tendency of further increase when supplemented by sonic hedgehog/fibroblast growth factor 8. [Transl Res] Abstract

Cytotoxicity of Local Anesthetics on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro
Researchers investigated the cytotoxic potency of local anesthetics on human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) before and after chondrogenic differentiation. All local anesthetics showed detrimental cytotoxic effects on MSC monolayer cultures in a concentration- and time-specific manner. [Arthroscopy] Abstract

The Anti-Inflammatory Property of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Is Preserved in Late-Passage Cultures
Researchers investigated immunosuppression effects of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) by mixed-culturing with interferon-γ stimulated BV-2 mouse microglial cells. They showed that hMSCs decreased nitrite oxide production from BV-2 cells in cell density dependent manner. [J Neuroimmunol] Abstract

Comparative Analysis of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue, and Umbilical Cord Blood as Sources of Cell Therapy
To characterize mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different sources, scientists compared human bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs for surface antigen expression, differentiation ability, proliferation capacity, clonality, tolerance for aging, and paracrine activity. [Int J Mol Sci] Abstract | Full Article

Cell Orientation and Regulation of Cell-Cell Communication in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Different Patterns of Electrospun Fibers
Researchers examined the intercellular communication and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells grown on electrospun fibers with different orientations and densities. [Biomed Mater] Abstract

Age of the Donor Reduces the Ability of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells to Alleviate Symptoms in the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mouse Model
The therapeutic efficacy of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from older donors was directly compared with that of cells from younger donors for disease prevention. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Abstract

Modulating the Biochemical and Biophysical Culture Environment to Enhance Osteogenic Differentiation and Maturation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Progenitors
In this review, the authors focus on the derivation of mesenchymal tissue progenitors from human pluripotent stem cells and the control of their osteogenic differentiation and maturation by modulation of the biophysical culture environment. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

New Hub Forms Part of ‘Industrial Revolution’ in Regenerative Medicine
Scientists at the Universities of Sheffield, Loughborough and Cambridge are set to lead a new £4.5 million ‘Hub’ aimed at translating lab discoveries into regenerative treatment to help sufferers of Parkinson’s disease and deafness. The Hub forms part of a £25 million investment from three UK Research Councils in research and equipment to support the development of regenerative medicine therapies for a range of applications, including Parkinson’s disease, cardiovascular disease, wound and musculoskeletal repair, eye disorders and deafness. [The University of Sheffield] Press Release

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