Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 5.39 | Oct 8 2013

The Effect of the Coumarin-Like Derivative Osthole on the Osteogenic Properties of Human Periodontal Ligament and Jaw Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheets
Researchers investigated the biological effects of osthole, a coumarin-like derivative extracted from Chinese herbs, on the cell sheet formation and osteogenic properties of human periodontal ligament stem cells and jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. [Biomaterials] Abstract

Dexamethasone Shifts Bone Marrow Stromal Cells from Osteoblasts to Adipocytes by C/EBPalpha Promoter Methylation
Scientists established a dexamethasone (Dex)-induced osteoporotic mouse model, and found that bone marrow stromal cells from Dex-treated mice are more likely to differentiate into adipocytes than those from control mice, even under the induction of bone morphogenetic protein-2. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Biocompatibility of Silver Nanoparticles and Silver Ions in Primary Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Osteoblasts
Scientists evaluated the influence of silver nanoparticles on cell stress, viability, proliferation and differentiation of primary human mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts. [Acta Biomater] Abstract

The Adipose-Derived Lineage-Negative Cells Are Enriched Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Promote Limb Ischemia Recovery in Mice
Researchers systematically characterized the adipose tissue-derived lineage-negative (Lin-) cell population using various surface markers and a set of cell proliferation and differentiation assays. They demonstrated clearly that the Lin- cell population represents enriched mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which were identified by their high expression of MSC surface markers, and that these cells are a robust population with a vigorous growth capability and delayed aging. [Stem Cells Dev] Abstract

A Signal-Amplification Circuit Between miR-218 and Wnt/β-Catenin Signal Promotes Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Osteogenic Differentiation
Scientists present evidence that microRNA (miR)-218 acts as a positive regulator of human adipose-derived stem cells osteogenesis. Real-time PCR showed that miR-218 was up-regulated during osteogenic differentiation. [Bone] Abstract

Alternative Splicing Targeting the hTAF4-TAFH Domain of TAF4 Represses Proliferation and Accelerates Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Researchers studied tissue distribution and cellular expression of different splice variants of transcription factor IID subunit TAF4 mRNA and biochemical properties of its isoforms in human mesenchymal stem cells to reveal the role of different isoforms of TAF4 in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation. [PLoS One] Full Article

Activation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Impacts Their Therapeutic Abilities in Lung Injury by Increasing Interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-1RN Levels
The objective of this study was to improve the protective anti-inflammatory capacity of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) by evaluating the consequences of preactivating hMSCs before use in a murine model of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Minimally manipulated hMSCs were more efficient at reducing lung inflammation compared with isolated and in vitro expanded hMSCs obtained from bone marrow aspirates. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Abstract

Human Placental Alkaline Phosphatase as a Tracking Marker for Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Researchers showed that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from wild type and human placental alkaline phosphatase (hPLAP)-transgenic inbred F344 rats donors are indistinguishable in terms of cell morphology, viability, adhesion, immune phenotype, and proliferation as well as in their differentiation capacity over six passages. [Biores Open Access] Full Article

Delivery of Functional Anti-miR-9 by Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes to Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells Conferred Chemosensitivity
Although miRs are attractive targets for cancer therapeutics, the effectiveness of this approach requires targeted delivery. Mesenchymal stem cells can migrate to the sites of cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Researchers report on an increase in microRNA (miR)-9 in temozolomide-resistant GBM cells. [Mol Ther Nucleic Acids] Full Article

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TrakCel Accelerates Stem Cell Logistics Solution Development with Welsh Government Funding
TrakCel has announced it will commence trials with leading international pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline in early 2014. Benefiting from an initial £100,000 from the Welsh Government SMART Cymru award for Research Development and Innovation, TrakCel has been able to swiftly develop demonstrable initial technology and present it to key players in the industry including GlaxoSmithKline. [Biotec Services International] Press Release

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