Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 6.23 | Jun 17 2014

Multifunctional Properties of Chicken Embryonic Prenatal Mesenchymal Stem Cells- Pluripotency, Plasticity, and Tumor Suppression
Scientists assessed and characterized bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells from prenatal day 13 chicken embryos and determined some novel properties. After assessing the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) properties of these cells by the presence of their signature markers, they ascertained a very broad spectrum of multipotentiality as these MSCs not only differentiated into the classic tri-lineages of MSCs but also into ectodermal, endodermal, and mesodermal lineages such as neuron, hepatocyte, islet cell, and cardiac. [Stem Cell Rev] Abstract

Effect of High Dose Irradiation on Human Bone Marrow-Derived MSCs
Scientists exposed human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to 30 or 60 Gy of γ-irradiation and assessed cell proliferation, clonogenicity, differentiation, cytokine levels in media supernatants, surface receptor profile as well as expression of proto-oncogenes/cell cycle markers, self-renewal/stemness markers, and DNA damage/irradiation markers. Irradiated MSCs showed a significant decrease in proliferation and CFU-F. [Tissue Eng Part C Methods] Abstract

The Synergistic Effect of Nanotopography and Sustained Dual Release of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Neurotrophic Factors on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Neuronal Lineage Commitment
Hypothesizing that the synergistic effect will enhance neuronal lineage commitment of human mesenchymal stem cells, a fabrication method for multiple neurotrophic factors delivery from a single nanopatterned, poly-ɛ-caprolactone film was developed and evaluated. [Tissue Eng Part A] Abstract

miR-146b Is a Regulator of Human Visceral Preadipocyte Proliferation and Differentiation and Its Expression Is Altered in Human Obesity
miR-146b was a miRNA highly expressed in mature adipocytes while very low expressed in human mesenchymal stem cells and human visceral preadipocytes. Researchers focused on the roles of miR-146b in adipogenesis. They found miR-146b could inhibit the proliferation of visceral preadipocytes and promote their differentiation. [Mol Cell Endocrinol] Full Article

Characterization and Evaluation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Bone Marrow
Scientists investigated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow, H1- and H9-embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines in terms of morphology, surface marker and growth factor receptor expression, proliferative capability, modulation of immune cell growth and multipotency, in order to evaluate ESC-MSCs as a cell source for potential regenerative applications. [Cell Tissue Res] Abstract

miR-140-5p Suppresses BMP2-Mediated Osteogenesis in Undifferentiated Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Researchers aimed to identify microRNAs enriched in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) that modulate differentiation commitments. Microarray analysis revealed that miR-140-5p is commonly enriched in undifferentiated hMSCs from various tissue sources. [FEBS Lett] Abstract

Downregulation of PPARgamma by miR-548d-5p Suppresses the Adipogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Enhances Their Osteogenic Potential
Researchers assessed the impact of microRNA (miR)-548d-5p on the dexamethasone-induced adipogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. [J Transl Med] Abstract | Full Article

Salidroside Induces Neuronal Differentiation of Mouse Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Notch and BMP Signaling Pathways
Investigators observed the effects of salidroside on neuronal differentiation of D1 cells and the possible involvement of Notch and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways. [Food Chem Toxicol] Abstract

Fusion of HepG2 Cells with Mesenchymal Stem Cells Increases Cancer-Associated and Malignant Properties: An In Vivo Metastasis Model
Scientists tested the hypothesis that fusion between an altered cell and a mesenchymal stem cell produces a hybrid cell with enhanced characteristics associated with metastatic cancer cells, and they developed a flexible model for investigating the mechanisms of metastasis. [Oncol Rep] Abstract

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Aratana Therapeutics Expands Pain Franchise with Novel Regenerative Cell Therapy for Treating Osteoarthritis
Aratana Therapeutics, Inc. announced it has entered into an exclusive license agreement with Vet-Stem, Inc., for its novel, allogeneic stem cell therapy technology. [Aratana Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

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