Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 7.13 | Apr 7 2015

Ex-Vivo Induced Regulatory Human/Murine Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Immune Modulators
Scientists established an ex-vivo immunomodulatory triple combination treatment for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), using IFNγ, TGFβ and kynurenine. They showed that pre-treated MSCs acquire an immunomodulatory phenotype, have improved regulatory functions, and up-regulate the expression of iNOS, IDO, COX2, HO-1, LIF and PD-L1. [Stem Cells] Abstract

Crif1 Promotes Adipogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells after Irradiation by Modulating the PKA/CREB Signaling Pathway
Investigators found that irradiation decreased the colony-forming efficiency of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and impaired the balance between adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. [Stem Cells]
Abstract | Full Article

miR-20a Regulates Adipocyte Differentiation by Targeting Lysine-Specific Demethylase 6b and Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling
miR-20a expression was quantified in primary cultured marrow stromal cells and adipogenic cell lines after adipogenic treatment. Effects of miR-20a on adipocyte differentiation were studied following supplementing or depleting miR-20a in murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, ST2 stromal cells and C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal cells. [Int J Obes] Abstract

Sca-1⁺Lin⁻CD117⁻ Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Induce the Generation of Novel IRF8-Controlled Regulatory Dendritic Cells through Notch-RBP-J Signaling
Researchers showed that mouse bone marrow-derived Sca-1⁺Lin⁻CD117⁻ mesenchymal stem/stromal cells can drive hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells to differentiate into a novel IFN regulatory factor (IRF)8-controlled regulatory dendritic cells population when cocultured without exogenous cytokines. [J Immunol] Abstract

Hepatocyte Growth Factor Gene-Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells Augment Sinonasal Wound Healing
Scientists investigated the effects of hepatocyte growth factor transgenic mesenchymal stem cells (HGF-MSCs) on wound healing in the sinonasal mucosa and nasal epithelial cells. They also sought to determine whether HGF-MSCs and MSCs can migrate into the injured mucosa and differentiate into ciliated cells. [Stem Cells Dev] Abstract

Radiation-Induced Alterations of Osteogenic and Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Researchers analyzed human mesenchymal stem cells viability and cell cycle progression in 21% O₂ and 3% O₂ conditions after medical X-rays irradiation. Differentiation towards osteogenesis and chondrogenesis after irradiation was evaluated through an analysis of differentiation specific genes. [PLoS One] Full Article

Affect of Antidepressants on the In Vitro Differentiation of Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Neuronal Cells
The authors investigated how the antidepressants imipramine, desipramine, fluoxetine and tianeptine affect the differentiation of rat mesenchymal stem cells. Furthermore, they presented differentiation cocktails using a cortex astrocyte-conditioned medium separately or in conjunction with each of the antidepressants and investigated their additive effect on the efficiency of differentiation. [Eur J Pharm Sci] Abstract

High Glucose Microenvironments Inhibit the Proliferation and Migration of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Activating GSK3β
Scientists determined the specific role of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) in the proliferation and migration of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in high glucose microenvironments. The proliferation and migration ability of BMSCs were suppressed under high glucose conditions. [J Bone Miner Metab] Abstract

Pericytes, Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Contributions to Tissue Repair
The authors summarize the recent evidence supporting the use of endogenously mobilised stem cell populations to enhance tissue repair along with the use of mesenchymal stem cells and pericytes in the development of engineered tissues. [Pharmacol Ther] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

£25.7 Million to Create Research Powerhouse
A £25.7 million funding boost will advance biological research and aid the quest for new therapies to treat damaged tissues. The investment by the UK Government will enable the University of Edinburgh to create a new biology complex with world-leading laboratory space for 350 researchers and to establish a new Centre for Tissue Repair. [The University of Edinburgh] Press Release

Clinical Trial Uses Patients’ Own Cells for Personalized Treatment after Bone Marrow Transplant
An innovative clinical trial using the science of “personalized” cellular therapy has begun enrolling children and adults suffering from graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD). By infusing large doses of personalized bone marrow cells into bone marrow transplant recipients, the physician-researchers aim to target sites of inflammation, potentially reducing GvHD in the intestine, liver and skin and limiting long-term organ damage. [Emory University] Press Release

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Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the mesenchymal cell community.

Research Associate: Mesenchymal (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Myogenic Progenitor Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Lab Manager (Yale University School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Cardiopulmonary Molecular Biology (Hannover Medical School)

Cell Culture Specialist – Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Neural Stem Cell Cultures (Tisch MS Research Center of New York)

Manufacturing Manager – Cell Therapy (Opexa Therapeutics)

Postdoctoral Fellow/Research Associate – Leukemia, Stem Cells and Development (Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute)

Instructor – Regulation of Stem Cell Differentiation in Vascular Disease (The University of Alabama at Birmingham)

Postdoctoral Position – Morphogenetic Signaling Pathways in Development and Disease (University of Rochester Medical Center)

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