Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 9.25 | Jun 27 2017

TOP STORY

Neuroblastoma Is Composed of Two Super-Enhancer-Associated Differentiation States

Investigators showed that most neuroblastomas include two types of tumor cells with divergent gene expression profiles. Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and committed adrenergic cells could interconvert and resemble cells from different lineage differentiation stages. [Nat Genet] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

IN VITRO

Experimental and Computational Insight into Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Paracrine Signaling and Heterocellular Coupling Effects on Cardiac Contractility and Arrhythmogenicity

To study the nature of the human MSC (hMSC) paracrine effects on contractility, proteomic analysis of human engineered cardiac tissue/hMSC conditioned media predicted activation of PI3K/Akt signaling, a recognized target of both soluble and exosomal fractions of the hMSC secretome. [Circ Res] Abstract

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretome-Induced Axonal Outgrowth Is Mediated by BDNF

Researchers demonstrated that the application of MSCs secretome to both rat cortical and hippocampal neurons induced an increase in axonal length. They showed that this growth effect was axonal intrinsic with no contribution from the cell body. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Influences of Age-Related Changes in Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Macrophages during In Vitro Culture

The authors investigated the influence of MSCs on macrophages in in vitro cell culture systems. They found that young MSCs exhibited greater proliferative and osteo-differentiation potential compared to aged MSCs. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

Human Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles Act Differentially on Lung Mechanics and Inflammation in Experimental Allergic Asthma

Scientists evaluated the therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles obtained from human adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) on established airway remodeling in experimental allergic asthma. Human AD-MSCs and extracellular vesicles effectively reduced eosinophil counts in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and modulated airway remodeling, but their effects on T cells differed in lung and thymus. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

RUNX1 Plays an Important Role in Mediating BMP9-Induced Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Line C3H10T1/2, Murine Multi-Lineage Cells Lines C2C12 and MEFs

Researchers investigated the function of runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) in bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9)-induced osteogenic of murine mesenchymal stem cell line (C3H10T1/2) and murine multi-lineage cell lines (C2C12 and MEFs). Their data showed that BMP9 promoted the endogenous expression of RUNX1 in C3H10T1/2, C2C12 and MEFs. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

IN VIVO

Synergistic Effect of Human Bone Morphogenic Protein-2 and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Chronic Wounds through Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 α Induction

Scientists investigated whether recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (hBMP-2) potentiates the effect of MSCs on wound healing. hBMP-2 and MSCs synergistically, in a supra additive or enhanced manner, renewed tissue structures, resulting in normalization of the epidermis, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, collagen fiber density, and blood vessels. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Perfusion of Isolated Rat Kidney with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/Extracellular Vesicles Prevents Ischemic Injury

Researchers evaluated whether delivering MSC-/MSC-derived extracellular vesicles during hypothermic machine perfusion protects rat donation after circulatory death kidneys from ischemic injury and investigated the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article

Hypoxic Preconditioning Promotes the Bioactivities of Mesenchymal Stem Cells via the HIF-1α-GRP78-Akt Axis

Investigators aimed to uncover the potential mechanism involving 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) to explain the enhanced MSC bioactivity and survival in hindlimb ischemia. Hypoxic preconditioning enhanced the survival and proliferation of transplanted MSCs through suppression of the cell death signal pathway and augmentation of angiogenic cytokine secretion. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

PG2, a Botanically Derived Drug Extracted from Astragalus Membranaceus, Promotes Proliferation and Immunosuppression of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

The authors investigated the effects of Astragalus polysaccharides on umbilical cord-derived MSCs, including morphology, surface marker expression, proliferation, differentiation, and in vitro and in vivo immunosuppressive capacities. [J Ethnopharmacol] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis

Several studies have investigated the effect of MSC therapy on acute and chronic pancreatitis, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The authors summarize the present status of MSC therapy for acute and chronic pancreatitis. [J Gastroenterol] Full Article

A Promising Tool in Retina Regeneration: Current Perspectives and Challenges when Using Mesenchymal Progenitor Stem Cells in Veterinary and Human Ophthalmological Applications

Researchers present current MSC therapies in practice, as well as their retinal regeneration potential in animal models, and their innovative prospects for treatment of human retinal diseases. [Stem Cell Rev] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

Bone Therapeutics Receives Intent to Grant Notice from European Patent Office for Allogeneic Bone Cell Therapy Platform

Bone Therapeutics announced that the European Patent Office has notified the company of its intention to grant a key patent covering its first-in-class allogeneic cell therapy technology. [Bone Therapeutics S.A.] Press Release

Epizyme Announces Tazemetostat Granted Orphan Drug Designation for the Treatment of Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Epizyme, Inc. announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted Orphan Drug designation to tazemetostat, the company’s first-in-class EZH2 inhibitor, for the treatment of patients with soft tissue sarcoma. [Epizyme, Inc.] Press Release

Scientists in Limbo as US Supreme Court Allows Modified Travel Ban

The US Supreme Court has reinstated a limited version of President Donald Trump’s temporary order banning travelers from six Muslim-majority countries from entering the United States. The court will hear a legal challenge to the ban in October. The court’s decision casts doubt on the fate of students and scientists from these countries who hope to study or work in the United States. [Nature News] Editorial

US Court Grants Elsevier Millions in Damages from Sci-Hub

One of the world’s largest science publishers, Elsevier, won a default legal judgement against websites that provide illicit access to tens of millions of research papers and books. A New York district court awarded Elsevier US$15 million in damages for copyright infringement by Sci-Hub, the Library of Genesis project and related sites. [Nature News] Editorial

University of Tokyo Scientist Hit by Anonymous Allegations Fights Back

Anonymous allegations of questionable data and images in 22 papers by six prominent groups at the prestigious University of Tokyo prompted the school to set up an investigating committee. Now, even before the panel completes its investigation, one of the accused researchers has mounted a staunch defense of his work. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW 6^th Annual International Symposium on Regenerative Rehabilitation
November 1-3, 2017
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW PhD Student Position – Skeletal Cell Biology (KU Leuven)

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Metabolism (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill)

NEW Assistant Professor – Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology (Harvard University)

Postdoctoral Position – Osteoarthritis (Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Vascular-Stromal Regulation (Weill Cornell Medical College)

Assistant Professor – Regenerative Medicine (University of Ottawa)

Postdoctoral Position – Gene Regulation in Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration (Northwestern University)

Postdoctoral Position – Cardiopulmonary Molecular Biology (Hannover Medical School)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Blood- and Bone-Forming Stem Cell Biology (International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University)

PhD Position – Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Queensland University of Technology)

Postdoctoral Position – Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biology (Longboat Explorers Inc.)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

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