Muscle Cell News Volume 1.06 | Apr 18 2016

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    Muscle Cell News 1.06 April 18, 2016

    Muscle Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    When Paired with Implanted Scaffolds, Immune Cells Linked to Allergies Can Heal Muscle
    Immune system cells linked to allergies also turn out to direct healing of mouse muscle wounds when paired with biologic “scaffolding” to support them. [Press release from The Johns Hopkins University discussing publication in Science] Press Release | Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    CARDIAC MUSCLE CELLS

    Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Cardiomyocytes Recapitulate the Predilection of Breast Cancer Patients to Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity
    Investigators demonstrated that patient-specific human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes can recapitulate the predilection to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity of individual patients at the cellular level. [Nat Med] Abstract | Press Release

    Inhibition of Class I Histone Deacetylases Blunts Cardiac Hypertrophy through TSC2-Dependent mTOR Repression
    Researchers demonstrated through pharmacological and genetic methods that inhibition of class I histone deacetylases suppressed pathological cardiac hypertrophy through inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity. [Sci Signal] Abstract | Press Release

    The H19 Long Noncoding RNA Is a Novel Negative Regulator of Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy
    Researchers investigated the function and underlying mechanism of H19 in regulating cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Adenovirus-mediated expression and a siRNA-mediated silence of H19 showed that H19 overexpression reduced cell size both at baseline and in response to PE, whereas knockdown of H19 induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. [Cardiovasc Res] Abstract

    SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLS

    Skeletal Muscle Action of Estrogen Receptor α Is Critical for the Maintenance of Mitochondrial Function and Metabolic Homeostasis in Females
    Considering that skeletal muscle is a primary tissue responsible for glucose disposal and oxidative metabolism, scientists established that reduced estrogen receptor α expression in muscle is associated with glucose intolerance and adiposity in women and female mice. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract

    Osteopontin Ablation Ameliorates Muscular Dystrophy by Shifting Macrophages to a Pro-Regenerative Phenotype
    Investigators demonstrated that the improved dystrophic phenotype observed with osteopontin (OPN) ablation does not result from reductions in natural killer T cells. OPN ablation skews macrophage polarization toward a pro-regenerative phenotype by reducing M1 and M2a and increasing M2c subsets. Altered macrophage polarization correlated with increases in muscle weight and muscle fiber diameter, resulting in long-term improvements in muscle strength and function in mdx mice. [J Cell Biol] Abstract | Press Release

    The Nanofibrous PAN-PANi Scaffold as an Efficient Substrate for Skeletal Muscle Differentiation Using Satellite Cells
    The authors report the use of electrospun nanofibrous membrane of PAN-polyaniline (PANi) as efficient scaffold for muscle regeneration. The softer scaffolds of non-composite electrospun nanofibrous PAN govern a higher rate of cell growth in spite of lower differentiation value. [Bioprocess Biosyst Eng]
    Abstract | Graphical Abstract

    SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS

    In Vivo Functional Evaluation of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts Fabricated Using Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from High-Cardiovascular Risk Populations
    To understand whether adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) sourced from diabetic and elderly donors are as effective as those from young, non-diabetics in the context of tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) therapy, researchers implanted TEVGs constructed with human AD-MSCs from each donor type as an aortic interposition graft in a rat model. The TEVGs from non-diabetic donors were able to generate robust vascular-like tissue consisting of smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, collagen, and elastin. [Tissue Eng Part A] Abstract

    Peptide Inhibitor of NF-κB Translocation Ameliorates Experimental Atherosclerosis
    Scientists investigated the anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective effects of a cell-permeable peptide containing the NF-κB nuclear localization sequence (NLS). In vascular smooth muscle cells and macrophages, NLS peptide specifically blocked the importin α–mediated nuclear import of NF-κB and prevented lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory gene expression, cell migration, and oxidative stress. [Am J Pathol]
    Full Article | Press Release

    In-Depth Evaluation of Commercially Available Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Phenotype: Implications for Vascular Tissue Engineering
    Investigators evaluated the capacity of commercially available human smooth muscle cells to maintain their contractile phenotype, and determine if dedifferentiation towards the synthetic phenotype occurs in response to conventional cell culture and passaging without any external biochemical or mechanical stimuli. [Exp Cell Res] Abstract

    Download Mini-Review: Myogenic Progenitor and Satellite Cells

     
    REVIEWS
    Cell-Based Therapies for Myocardial Repair and Regeneration in Ischemic Heart Disease and Heart Failure
    The authors discuss the use of cells in the context of heart repair, and the most relevant results and current limitations from clinical trials using cell-based therapies to treat ischemic heart disease and heart failure. [Eur Heart J] Abstract

    MRP4 (ABCC4) as a Potential Pharmacologic Target for Cardiovascular Disease
    Investigators discuss the therapeutic potential of direct pharmacological inhibition of multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4) in atherothrombotic disease, via its vasodilating and antiplatelet effects. [Pharmacol Res] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the muscle cell research field.

     
    SCIENCE NEWS
    Allergan Announces 10 Presentations on Chronic Migraine, Upper and Lower Limb Spasticity and Alzheimer’s Disease
    Allergan plc announced that it has 10 presentations. Among the highlights are three platform presentations including post-stroke lower limb spasticity in adults. [Press release from Allergan plc discussing research presented at the 68th American Academy of Neurology (AAN) Annual Meeting, Vancouver] Press Release

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    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Methods Used to Create Textiles Also Could Help Manufacture Human Tissues
    When certain types of materials are used, the “scaffolds” that are created to hold stem cells eventually degrade, leaving natural tissue in its place. The challenge is creating enough of the material on a scale that clinicians need to treat patients. Elizabeth Loboa and her team tested new methods to make the process of tissue engineering more cost effective and producible in larger quantities. [University of Missouri] Press Release

    ERC Advanced Grant for Cancer Researcher from Vetmeduni Vienna
    Veronika Sexl of the Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology at Vetmeduni Vienna has been awarded a coveted European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant from the ERC. The grant will provide funding of about € 2.5 million over the next five years for research into new possibilities of cancer therapy using the enzyme CDK6. [University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna] Press Release

     
    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW 14th International Congress on Neuromuscular Diseases
    July 5-9, 2016
    Toronto, Canada

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the muscle cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Immuno-Metabolic Modulation of Skeletal Muscle Insulin Sensitivity (Karolinska Institutet)

    NEW PhD Position – Muscle Fiber Type Switch in Congenital Myopathies (King’s College London)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Pathogenesis of Heart and Vascular Injury (University of Alberta)

    Research Associate – Muscle Molecular Biology and Biochemistry (The University of York)

    Research Associate – Hippo Pathway (University of Bristol)

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Stem Cell Biology Regenerative Medicine (NUI Galway)

    Research Assistant – Skeletal Muscle Cell Biology (Nestlé)

    Postdoctoral Positions – Tissue Repair/Inflammation (Institut Pasteur)

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Cell Biology and Regenerative Therapies in Cardiovascular Diseases (Universitätsmedizin Goettingen)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Ion Channel Signaling and Metabolism (University of Iowa)


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