Muscle Cell News 3.30 September 10, 2018 | |
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TOP STORYHigh carbon dioxide activated calcium-calpain signaling and consequent smooth muscle cell contraction in mouse airway smooth muscle cells. The signaling was mediated by caspase-7-induced down-regulation of the microRNA-133a and consequent up-regulation of Ras homolog family member A and myosin light-chain phosphorylation. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)CARDIAC MUSCLE CELLSInvestigators demonstrated that proadrenomedullin (ProADM) expression was increased in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. They treated ischemic cardiomyocytes with either ProADM or adrenomedullin (ADM) and found that both proteins increased survival. This effect was diminishable by blocking the ADM1 receptor. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract Metformin Protects against H2O2-Induced Cardiomyocytes Injury by Inhibiting miR-1a-3p/GRP94 Pathway miR-1a-3p was shown to target the 3′-untranslated region of GRP94, which resulted in the accumulation of un/misfolded proteins, leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Scientists demonstrated that C/EBP β directly induced the upregulation of miR-1a-3p by binding to its promoter. [Mol Ther Nucleic Acids] Abstract | Full Article Mst1 knockdown promoted cardiomyocyte autophagic flux, as demonstrated by more GFP-mRFP-LC3 puncta per cell. Increased LC3-II and decreased P62 expression both in the presence and absence of chloroquine were observed in Mst1 knockdown cardiomyocytes administered with angiotension II. [J Mol Cell Cardiol] Abstract The M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3-mAChR) agonist choline reduced the increase in caspase-1 in cardiomyocytes induced by D-galactose, which was reversed by the M3-mAChR antagonist 4-DAMP. Moreover, 4-DAMP promoted D-galactose-induced cardiomyocyte aging, which was attenuated by a caspase-1 inhibitor. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article Researchers showed that the wild-type microtissues adapted to the mechanical environment with increased contraction force commensurate to matrix stiffness, whereas the cardiac myosin-binding protein C 3 (MYBPC3) deficient microtissues exhibited impaired force development kinetics regardless of matrix stiffness and deficient contraction force only when grown on matrices with high fibre stiffness. [Nat Biomed Eng] Abstract SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLSNecroptosis Mediates Myofibre Death in Dystrophin-Deficient Mice RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL were upregulated in dystrophic mouse myofibres. In vitro, TNFα could elicit necroptosis in C2C12 myoblasts, and RIPK3 overexpression sensitized myoblasts to undergo TNF-induced death. [Nat Commun] Full Article The authors demonstrated that Myomerger was required on the cell surface where its ectodomains stress membranes. They showed that Myomerger drove fusion completion in a heterologous system independent of Myomaker and that a Myomaker-Myomerger physical interaction was not required for function. [Dev Cell] Full Article | Graphical Abstract SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLSβ-Hydroxybutyrate Prevents Vascular Senescence through hnRNP A1-Mediated Upregulation of Oct4 β-hydroxybutyrate binding to heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) markedly enhanced hnRNP A1 binding with Octamer-binding transcriptional factor (Oct) 4 mRNA, which stabilized Oct4 mRNA and Oct4 expression. Oct4 increased Lamin B1, a key factor against DNA damage-induced senescence. [Mol Cell] Abstract | Press Release | Graphical Abstract Inhibition of type 2 ryanodine receptors with tetracaine and blocking of BK channels with paxilline restored myogenic tone to control levels, demonstrating that enhanced RyR and BK channel activity is responsible for the diminished pressure-induced constriction of arteries and arterioles from mdx mice. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Full Article MicroRNA-532-5p was upregulated in murine muscular pericytes early after experimentally-induced ischemia, decreasing below baseline after reperfusion. Transfection of human pericytes with anti-microRNA, microRNA-mimic or controls indicated that microRNA-532-5p modulated pro-angiogenic activity via transcriptional regulation of angiopoietin-1. [Mol Ther] Abstract | Full Article | Graphical Abstract Investigators revealed that receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and S100A8 and A9, ligands of RAGE, were overexpressed in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and heritable PAH-pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in the absence of any external growth stimulus. [PLoS One] Full Article Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Extracellular Matrix News & ESC & iPSC News. | |
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REVIEWSCancer Invasion into Musculature: Mechanics, Molecules and Implications Muscle invasion in cancer patients is often associated with destructive growth and worsened prognosis. The authors review biochemical, geometrical and mechanical cues of smooth and skeletal muscle tissues and their relevance for guided invasion of cancer cells. [Semin Cell Dev Biol] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the muscle cell research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSAdditional Results From BioCardia’s Phase III Pivotal CardiAMP Heart Failure Trial To Be Presented BioCardia®, Inc. announced that additional data from the open label, roll-in cohort of the ongoing Phase III CardiAMP™ Heart Failure Trial are expected to be presented. [Press release from BioCardia®, Inc. (PR Newswire Association LLC.) discussing research to be presented at the Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics (TCT) conference, San Diego] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSAfter Midphase Flop, Pfizer Taps Cytoo for Help Identifying DMD Targets Pfizer has teamed up with Cytoo to work on a Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) target discovery platform. The early-stage alliance comes after Pfizer halted development of domagrozumab in DMD because of lackluster midphase data. Pfizer has responded to the need for insights into DMD by teaming up with Cytoo, a French drug discovery shop that has a myotube platform. [Pfizer Inc. (FierceBiotech)] Press Release ARMGO Pharma, Inc. announced that the U.S. FDA has granted orphan drug designation to ARM210, a potential treatment for patients with Ryanodine Receptor Type 1 Related Myopathies (RYR1-RM). RYR1-RM comprise a group of rare skeletal muscle diseases due to mutations in the ryr1 gene, which lead to leaky channels. [ARMGO Pharma, Inc. (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release ITF Pharma announced that the U.S. FDA has approved TIGLUTIK™ oral suspension for the treatment of ALS. TIGLUTIK is the first and only easy-to-swallow thickened riluzole liquid for ALS and is administered twice daily via an oral syringe. [ITF Pharma] Press Release FDA Approves Clinical Trial of Novel Treatment for Fibromyalgia EpicGenetics announced that the U.S. FDA has given approval to the Massachusetts General Hospital for a human clinical trial of BCG to treat fibromyalgia. [EpicGenetics (Business Wire, Inc.)] Press Release PathMaker Neurosystems Inc. announced that it has initiated and successfully enrolled the first patient in its European clinical trial to evaluate MyoRegulator™ for the non-invasive treatment of spasticity secondary to stroke. [PathMaker Neurosystems Inc.] Press Release Pfizer Inc. announced that it is terminating two ongoing clinical studies evaluating domagrozumab for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a Phase II safety and efficacy study and an open-label extension study. [Pfizer Inc.] Press Release Researcher Gets $2.4 Million Grant to Study Diabetic Vascular Diseases Dr. Ming-Hui Zou, director of the Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine at Georgia State University, has received a four-year, $2.4 million federal grant to study cardiovascular complications in diabetes. [Georgia State University] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSPeer Reviewers in Developing Nations Are Underrepresented, Report Suggests Combined, scientists spend nearly 70 million hours peer reviewing manuscripts for scholarly journals every year, a new report says. But too much of the onus rests on researchers in wealthy countries, according to the report by the company Publons—based in London and Wellington—which enables researchers to track and claim credit for the peer reviews they perform. [ScienceInsider] Editorial Pivotal CRISPR Patent Battle Won by Broad Institute The US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit awarded the pivotal intellectual property to the Broad Institute of Cambridge, Massachusetts, upholding a previous decision by the US Patent and Trademark Office. The decision spells defeat for a team of inventors that includes molecular biologist Jennifer Doudna University of California, Berkeley. [Nature News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Keystone Symposia: Mitochondrial Biology in Heart and Skeletal Muscle NEW 2019 Muscular Dystrophy Association (MDA) Clinical and Research Conference Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Faculty Positions – Cardiovascular Research (Nationwide Children’s Hospital Research Institute) NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Cardiovascular Biology (Weill Cornell Medicine) NEW Postdoctoral Fellows – Cardiac & Skeletal Muscle Research (Duke University) Postdoctoral Position – Genome Editing in Muscular Dystrophies (GENETHON) Scientist – Cardiovascular Research (University of Iowas Hospital and Clinics) Postdoctoral Position – Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Research (GENETHON) Postdoctoral Fellow – Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering (Stanford University) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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