Muscle Cell News Volume 5.02 | Jan 20 2020

TOP STORY

Self-Organizing 3D Human Trunk Neuromuscular Organoids

Scientists used human pluripotent stem cell-derived axial stem cells, the building blocks of the posterior body, to simultaneously generate spinal cord neurons and skeletal muscle cells that self-organized to generate human neuromuscular organoids that could be maintained in 3D for several months. [Cell Stem Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

CARDIAC MUSCLE CELLS

Dynamics of Cardiomyocyte and Muscle Stem Cell Proliferation in Pig

Investigators rigorously examined the cell cycle dynamics of porcine cardiomyocytes and muscle stem cells through different developmental stages. Proliferative cardiomyocytes and muscle stem cells were broadly observed in the embryonic heart and limb muscle respectively. [Exp Cell Res] Abstract

Pretreatment with Cilnidipine Attenuates Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury in HL-1 Cardiomyocytes through Enhanced NO Production and Action Potential Shortening

HL-1 mouse atrial myocytes as well as H9c2 rat ventricular cells were exposed to H/R, and cell viability was evaluated by an autoanalyzer and flow cytometry; eNOS expression, NO production, and electrophysiological properties were also evaluated by western blotting, colorimetry, and patch clamping, respectively, in the absence and presence of cilnidipine. [Hypertens Res] Abstract

SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLS

The Role of PDIA3 in Myogenesis during Muscle Regeneration

The authors report that PDIA3 expression was induced in regenerating myofibers. The inhibition of PDIA3 in muscle injuries in mice disrupted myoblast differentiation, impaired muscle regeneration, and ultimately aggravated muscle damage. [Exp Mol Med] Full Article

Activating Transcription Factor 4 (ATF4) Promotes Skeletal Muscle Atrophy by Forming a Heterodimer with the Transcriptional Regulator C/EBPβ

Researchers biochemically isolated skeletal muscle proteins that associated with the dimerization- and DNA-binding domain of ATF4 in mouse skeletal muscle fibers in vivo. They found that ATF4 formed at least five distinct heterodimeric bZIP transcription factors in skeletal muscle fibers. [J Biol Chem] Abstract

Treatment of Human Skeletal Muscle Cells with Inhibitors of Diacylglycerol Acyltransferases 1 and 2 to Explore Isozyme-Specific Roles on Lipid Metabolism

Scientists investigated how selective inhibitors of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) and DGAT2 affected lipid metabolism in human primary skeletal muscle cells. They showed that DGAT1 was dominant in human skeletal muscle cells utilizing fatty acids (FAs) derived from various sources, both exogenously supplied FA, de novo synthesised FA, or FA derived from lipolysis, to generate triacylglycerol (TAG), as well as being involved in de novo synthesis of TAG. [Sci Rep] Full Article

SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS

Hypermethylation of Mitochondrial DNA in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Impairs Cell Contractility

Researchers described that DNA methyltransferase 1 translocated to the mitochondria and catalyzed D-loop methylation of mitochondrial DNA in vascular smooth muscle cells in response to platelet-derived growth factor-BB. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Binding of Myeloperoxidase to the Extracellular Matrix of Smooth Muscle Cells and Subsequent Matrix Modification

Investigators examined the mechanisms of myeloperoxidase-mediated changes to human coronary smooth muscle cell extracellular matrix. [Sci Rep] Full Article

MiR‐424‐5p Regulates Aortic Smooth Muscle Cell Function in Atherosclerosis by Blocking APOC3‐Mediated NF‐κB Signaling Pathway

Researchers investigated the regulatory mechanism of microRNA‐424‐5p in aortic smooth muscle cell activities and inflammation in atherosclerosis via the regulation of apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) and the nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) signaling pathway. [Exp Physiol] Abstract

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Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived from a Cardiac Somatic Source: Insights for an In Vitro Cardiomyocyte Platform

Evidence of an epigenetic memory retained by somatic cells used for deriving human induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) has led to the evaluation of different somatic sources in order to obtain more mature hiPSC-derived CMs. [Int J Mol Sci] Abstract | Download Full Article

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UK Regulatory Authority Approves Cynata’s Phase II Clinical Trial in Critical Limb Ischemia

Cynata Therapeutics Limited announced that it has received approval from the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency to proceed with its Phase II clinical trial of the Cymerus™ MSC product CYP-002 in patients with critical limb ischemia. [Cynata Therapeutics Limited (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release

ISSCR Announces 2020 Award Winners

Stem cell scientists and leaders earn 2020 International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) Awards for their significant contributions to the field of stem cell research. Honorees include Fred H. Gage, PhD, Salk Institute for Biological Studies and Mitinori Saitou, MD, PhD, Kyoto University. [The International Society for Stem Cell Research] Press Release

Campus Attacks by Nationalists and Police Alarm India’s Scientific Community

The attack on one of India’s most prestigious universities sent shock waves around the country and is the latest sign that the political forces tearing apart Indian society are also affecting the country’s academic community. Students at JNU, a liberal bastion, had been on strike for months against both a major hike in student fees and the government’s controversial Citizenship Amendment Act, widely decried as discriminatory against Muslims. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Moffitt Cancer Center Details Links of Fired Scientists to Chinese Talent Programs

Six Florida cancer researchers who were dismissed last month for hiding their ties to a Chinese medical university appear to have been motivated by simple greed and a disregard for both institutional and federal rules. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW 2^nd Epigenetics Conference
February 28-March 2, 2020
Nassau, Bahamas

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NEW Postdoctoral Position – Molecular Skeletal Muscle Cell Signaling (University of Copenhagen)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cardiac Tissue Engineering and Regeneration (Duke University)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Muscle Stem Cell Biology (State University of New York)

Doctoral Student – Biomedical Sciences (Linnaeus University)

PhD Student – Aortic Disease (University Hospital of Cologne)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow/Postdoctoral Scientist – Aortic Disease (University Hospital of Cologne)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Computation Systems and Skeletal Muscles (University of Luxembourg)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Muscle Stem Cell Biology (University at Albany)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Skeletal Muscle Aging (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

Senior Scientist – Muscle Cell Biology (Shape Therapeutics)

Asistant Professor – Ion Channels (University of Tennessee)

Assistant Specialist – Cardiovascular Medicine (University of California, Davis)

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