Neural Cell News Volume 14.01 | Jan 15 2020

TOP STORY

Human and Mouse Single-Nucleus Transcriptomics Reveal TREM2-Dependent and TREM2-Independent Cellular Responses in Alzheimer’s Disease

Scientists confirmed the presence of Trem2-dependent disease-associated microglia and identified a previously undiscovered Serpina3n⁺C4b⁺ reactive oligodendrocyte population in mice. [Nat Med] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Temporally Restricted Dopaminergic Control of Reward-Conditioned Movements

Inhibiting both ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra pars compacta dopamine neurons in the post-reward period had a significantly greater behavioral effect than inhibition in the pre-reward period of the task. [Nat Neurosci] Abstract | Press Release

Two Genetically, Anatomically and Functionally Distinct Cell Types Segregate across Anteroposterior Axis of Paraventricular Thalamus

Researchers demonstrated that type II neurons belonged to a previously neglected class of paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus neurons that conveyed arousal-related information to corticothalamic neurons of the infralimbic cortex. [Nat Neurosci] Abstract

Dorsal Root Ganglion Macrophages Contribute to Both the Initiation and Persistence of Neuropathic Pain

Scientists demonstrated molecular cross-talk between axotomized sensory neurons and macrophages, revealing potential peripheral dorsal root ganglia targets for neuropathic pain management. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Control of Locomotor Speed, Arousal, and Hippocampal Theta Rhythms by the Nucleus Incertus

The authors showed that the activity of the neuromedin B neurons in the nucleus incertus was tightly correlated with mouse locomotor speed, arousal level, and hippocampal theta power. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Long Non-Coding RNA NHEG1 Drives β-Catenin Transactivation and Neuroblastoma Progression through Interacting with DDX5

Neuroblastoma highly expressed 1 (NHEG1) was identified as a risk-associated lncRNA contributing to unfavorable outcome of neuroblastoma. Depletion of NHEG1 led to facilitated differentiation and decreased growth and aggressiveness of neuroblastoma cells. [Mol Ther] Abstract

Neuron-Glia Interaction through Serotonin-BDNF-NGFR Axis Enables Regenerative Neurogenesis in Alzheimer’s Model of Adult Zebrafish Brain

Investigators found that amyloid toxicity-induced interleukin-4 promoted neural stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis by suppressing the tryptophan metabolism and reducing the production of serotonin. [PLoS Biol] Full Article

Proteome and miRNome Profiling of Microvesicles Derived from Medulloblastoma Cell Lines with Stem-Like Properties Reveals Biomarkers of Poor Prognosis

The authors evaluated the proteome and miRNome content of extracellular microvesicles released by highly-aggressive stem-like medulloblastoma cells overexpressing the pluripotent factor OCT4A. These cells displayed enhanced tumor initiating capability and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. [Brain Res] Abstract

Biphasic Exocytosis of Herpesvirus from Hippocampal Neurons and Mechanistic Implication to Membrane Fusion

Scientists used cryo electron tomography to capture 199 events of pseudorabies virus exocytosis from cultured hippocampal neurons. [Cell Discov] Full Article

Plasticity of Synaptic Transmission in Human Stem Cell-Derived Neural Networks

By expressing channelrhodopsin in hESCs-derived glutamate neurons and co-culturing them with GABA neurons, researchers found that blue light stimulation increased the frequency of mEPSCs. [iScience] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

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Patient-Specific Neural Progenitor Cells Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Offer a Promise of Good Models for Mitochondrial Disease

Reprogramming cells to neuronal lineage such as neural progenitor cells generated from the neural induction of reprogrammed induced pluripotent stem cells can provide a useful model for investigating neurological disease mechanisms including those caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. [Cell Tissue Res] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the neural cell research field.

Zynerba Pharmaceuticals Announces Achievement of Enrollment Target in Phase II Trial of Zygel^™ in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Zynerba Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the achievement of its enrollment target for the 14-week Phase II BRIGHT trial of Zygel^™ for the treatment of pediatric and adolescent patients with autism spectrum disorder. [Zynerba Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

Alexion Announces Planned Initiation of Pivotal Phase III Study of ULTOMIRIS^® (Ravulizumab) in ALS

Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the planned initiation of a pivotal Phase III study of ULTOMIRIS^® in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). [Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

Florida Cracks Down on Foreign Government Involvement in Research

Florida is launching a statewide investigation into US research exploitation after four University of Florida faculty members and six employees of Moffitt Cancer Center in Tampa failed to disclose ties to foreign programs, reports the Tampa Bay Times. [The Scientist] Editorial

FDA and NIH Let Clinical Trial Sponsors Keep Results Secret, Investigation Shows

For 20 years, the US government has urged companies, universities, and other institutions that conduct clinical trials to record their results in a federal database, so doctors and patients can see whether new treatments are safe and effective. [STAT News] Editorial

Protect India’s Universities

For several weeks the world has watched as India’s citizens – including academics and students – have taken to the streets. Tens of thousands have been gathering to read out the preamble to the Indian constitution, as a mark of protest against a discriminatory new citizenship law. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 2^nd Epigenetics Conference
February 28-March 2, 2020
Nassau, Bahamas

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Position – In Vitro Electrophysiology in Brain Regeneration (Italian Institute of Technology)

NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Neurodegenerative Diseases and Cancer (University of Pennsylvania)

Research Associate – Neural Stem Cells and Neurophysiology (University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden)

Research Cognitive Neurologist (University Health Network)

Postdoctoral Research Position – Neural Reprogramming and Repair (Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science)

Assistant or Associate Professor – Neural Repair (Burke Neurological Institute)

Postdoctoral Associate – Neuron Diversity Mechanisms in Brain Development (Howard Hughes Medical Institute)

Postdoctoral Associate – Glia and Neuron Interaction (Howard Hughes Medical Institute)

Multiple Faculty Positions – Neuroscience and Neuroengineering (Tsinghua University)

Faculty Positions – Brain Disorders (IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

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