Neural Cell News Volume 15.41 | Oct 20 2021

May 12, 2022

2021-10-20 | NCN 15.41

Neural Cell News by STEMCELL Technologies

Vol. 15.41 – 20 October, 2021

TOP STORY

Ciliary Protein Kif7 Regulates Gli and Ezh2 for Initiating the Neuronal Differentiation of Enteric Neural Crest Cells during Development

Gastrointestinal motility disorders occur frequently in patients with ciliopathy, but the underlying genetic link is unclear. Mechanistically, Kif7 inhibited Gli2 in enteric neural crest cells, where Gli2 positively regulated the expression of Ezh2 by inhibiting the miR124-mediated suppression.
[Science Advances]

Full Article

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PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

Modifying the m⁶A Brain Methylome by ALKBH5-Mediated Demethylation: A New Contender for Synaptic Tagging

Researchers demonstrated that at activated glutamatergic post-synaptic sites, both the YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 reader and the ALKBH5 eraser proteins increased in co-localization to m⁶A-modified RNAs; but only the readers showed high co-localization to modified RNAs during late-stage plasticity.
[Molecular Psychiatry]

Full Article

PHF3 Regulates Neuronal Gene Expression through the Pol II CTD Reader Domain SPOC

Scientists identified PHD-finger protein 3 (PHF3) as a regulator of transcription and mRNA stability that docked onto Pol II CTD through its SPOC domain. Key neuronal genes were aberrantly expressed in Phf3 knock-out mouse embryonic stem cells, resulting in impaired neuronal differentiation.
[Nature Communications]

Full Article

Dystonia-Specific Mutations in THAP1 Alter Transcription of Genes Associated with Neurodevelopment and Myelin

The authors established a pipeline for characterizing an allelic series of dystonia-specific mutations. They used this strategy to investigate the molecular consequences of genetic variation in THAP1, which encoded a transcription factor linked to neural differentiation.
[American Journal of Human Genetics]

Full Article

Neurotoxins Subvert the Allosteric Activation Mechanism of SARM1 to Induce Neuronal Loss

Investigators showed the nicotinamide analog 3-acetylpyridine, was converted to 3-APMN, which activated SARM1 and induced SARM1-dependent NAD+ depletion, axon degeneration, and neuronal death.
[Cell Reports]

Full Article

The GABA_B Receptor Mediates Neuroprotection by Coupling to G13

Scientists found that GABA_BR phosphorylated the kinase JNK downstream of activation of the small guanosine triphosphatases RhoA and Rac1 in primary mouse neurons.
[Science Signaling]

Abstract

Age-Related Mitochondrial Alterations in Brain and Skeletal Muscle of the YAC128 Model of Huntington Disease

Investigators used the YAC128 murine model of Huntington’s disease to examine the effects of mutant huntingtin on mitochondrial parameters related to aging in brain and skeletal muscle.
[npj Aging and Mechanisms of Disease]

Full Article

Hippocampal Disruptions of Synaptic and Astrocyte Metabolism Are Primary Events of Early Amyloid Pathology in the 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Scientists provided an integrative analysis of cellular metabolism during the early stages of amyloid-β accumulation in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease.
[Cell Death & Disease]

Full Article

Bilobalide Inhibits Inflammation and Promotes the Expression of Aβ Degrading Enzymes in Astrocytes to Rescue Neuronal Deficiency in AD Models

Investigators found that bilobalide inhibited Aβ-induced and STAT3-dependent expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in primary astrocyte culture.
[Translational Psychiatry]

Full Article

The Presynaptic Glycine Transporter GlyT2 Is Regulated by the Hedgehog Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo

The identity of a glycinergic synapse was maintained presynaptically by the activity of a surface glycine transporter, GlyT2, which recaptured glycine back to presynaptic terminals to preserve vesicular glycine content. The authors identified the Hedgehog pathway as a robust controller of GlyT2 expression and transport activity.
[Communications Biology]

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Early Prediction of Developing Spontaneous Activity in Cultured Neuronal Networks

Researchers used machine learning techniques to characterize and predict the developing spontaneous activity in mouse cortical neurons on microelectrode arrays during the first three weeks in vitro.
[Scientific Reports]

Full Article

Virtual Poster Presentation: CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing of Cerebral Organoids to Model Microcephaly

REVIEWS

Inhibiting Microcephaly Genes as Alternative to Microtubule Targeting Agents to Treat Brain Tumors

The genes mutated in primary hereditary microcephaly are ubiquitously expressed in proliferating cells, but under normal conditions are selectively required during brain development, in neural progenitors.
[Cell Death & Disease]

Full Article

INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

Inhibikase Therapeutics Announces Dosing of First Parkinson’s Patient in Its Phase Ib Clinical Trial of IkT-148009

Inhibikase Therapeutics, Inc. announced dosing of the first Parkinson’s patient in its Phase Ib clinical trial of IkT-148009, an Abelson Tyrosine Kinase, or c-Abl, inhibitor for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
[Inhibikase Therapeutics, Inc.]

Press Release

FEATURED EVENT

Ciliary Protein Kif7 Regulates Gli and Ezh2 for Initiating the Neuronal Differentiation of Enteric Neural Crest Cells during Development

Modifying the m⁶A Brain Methylome by ALKBH5-Mediated Demethylation: A New Contender for Synaptic Tagging

PHF3 Regulates Neuronal Gene Expression through the Pol II CTD Reader Domain SPOC

Dystonia-Specific Mutations in THAP1 Alter Transcription of Genes Associated with Neurodevelopment and Myelin

Neurotoxins Subvert the Allosteric Activation Mechanism of SARM1 to Induce Neuronal Loss

The GABA_B Receptor Mediates Neuroprotection by Coupling to G13

Age-Related Mitochondrial Alterations in Brain and Skeletal Muscle of the YAC128 Model of Huntington Disease

Hippocampal Disruptions of Synaptic and Astrocyte Metabolism Are Primary Events of Early Amyloid Pathology in the 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Bilobalide Inhibits Inflammation and Promotes the Expression of Aβ Degrading Enzymes in Astrocytes to Rescue Neuronal Deficiency in AD Models

The Presynaptic Glycine Transporter GlyT2 Is Regulated by the Hedgehog Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo

Early Prediction of Developing Spontaneous Activity in Cultured Neuronal Networks

Inhibiting Microcephaly Genes as Alternative to Microtubule Targeting Agents to Treat Brain Tumors

Inhibikase Therapeutics Announces Dosing of First Parkinson’s Patient in Its Phase Ib Clinical Trial of IkT-148009

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Tenure Track Faculty Position – Neuroscience of Movement Disorders

Postdoctoral Position – Developmental Neuroscience

Assistant Professor – Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Genetics of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s

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