Pancreatic Cell News Volume 11.13 | Apr 07 2020

TOP STORY

Cysteine Depletion Induces Pancreatic Tumor Ferroptosis in Mice

Scientists showed that the import of oxidized cysteine via system x_C– was a critical dependency of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which was a leading cause of cancer mortality. PDAC cells used cysteine to synthesize glutathione and coenzyme A, which down-regulated ferroptosis. [Science] Abstract | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

DIABETES & PANCREATITIS

Dysfunction of Persisting β Cells Is a Key Feature of Early Type 2 Diabetes Pathogenesis

Researchers showed that, in tissue of pre-diabetic, impaired glucose-tolerant subjects, β cell volume was unchanged, but function significantly deteriorated, exhibiting increased basal release and loss of first-phase insulin secretion. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

The Role of Calcium-Binding Protein S100g (CalbindinD-9K) and Annexin A10 in Acute Pancreatitis

The authors constructed S100 calcium binding protein G-overexpressing or Anxa10-overexpressing AR42J cells. They examined the changes in amylase secretion, intracellular calcium, and cell viability in these cells, when incubated with cholecystokinin. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Full Article

Vitamin D Metabolites Influences Expression Of Genes Concerning Cellular Viability And Function In Insulin Producing β-Cells (INS1E)

Expression of genes affecting viability, apoptosis and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion changed after pre-treatment with both 1,25(OH)₂vitamin D and 25(OH)vitamin D in INS1E cells. [Gene] Abstract

In Vitro Expansion of Pancreatic Islet Clusters Facilitated by Hormones and Chemicals

Scientists describe a method that enabled the expansion of islet clusters isolated from pregnant mice or wild-type rats by employing a combination of specific regeneration factors and chemical compounds in vitro. [Cell Discov] Full Article

PANCREATIC CANCER

Long-Term Gemcitabine Treatment Reshapes the Pancreatic Tumor Microenvironment and Sensitizes Murine Carcinoma to Combination Immunotherapy

Using a combination of mouse models, primary cell line-derived xenografts, and established tumor cell lines, investigators evaluated chemotherapy-induced alterations in the tumor secretome and immune surface proteins by high throughput proteomic arrays. [Cancer Res] Abstract

Feedback Activation of EGFR Is the Main Cause for STAT3 Inhibition-Irresponsiveness in Pancreatic Cancer Cells

Combined treatment of pancreatic cancer cells with EGFR and STAT3 inhibitors persistently blocked EGFR and STAT3 signaling, and exerted synergistic antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo, with or without KRAS mutation. [Oncogene] Abstract

SST Gene Hypermethylation Acts as a Pan-Cancer Marker for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Multiple Other Tumors; Toward Its Use for Blood-Based Diagnosis

Validation of DNA methylation patterns and concomitant alterations in expression of gene candidates was performed on patient samples and pancreatic cancer cell lines. Treatment with a somatostatin agonist reduced cell proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer cells. [Mol Oncol] Abstract

A Novel Insight Into the Anticancer Mechanism of Metformin in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells

Metformin inhibited QGP-1 cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, at concentrations similar to those achievable in treated patients. Metformin decreased pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors cell proliferation, without any additive effect when combined with octreotide. [Mol Cell Endocrinol] Abstract

LAMC2 Modulates the Acidity of Microenvironments to Promote Invasion and Migration of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via Regulating AKT-Dependent NHE1 Activity

Researchers investigated the effects of LAMC2 on pancreatic cancer cell migration/invasion and extracellular. They also demonstrated that LAMC2 phosphorylated Akt-Ser473 to promote the expression, activity and cell membrane accumulation of NHE1 within pancreatic cancer cells. [Exp Cell Res] Abstract

Methylation-Mediated Silencing of the LIM Homeobox 6 (LHX6) Gene Promotes Cell Proliferation in Human Pancreatic Cancer

Re-expression of LHX6 inhibited colony formation and proliferation in LHX6 low-expressing pancreatic cancer cell lines, PK-1 and PK-9. Knockdown of LHX6 accelerated cell proliferation in LHX6 high-expressing pancreatic cancer cell lines, PCI-35 and MIA PaCa-2. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

Oncolytic Virus-Mediated Targeting of the ERK Signaling Pathway Inhibits Invasive Propensity in Human Pancreatic Cancer

Researchers demonstrated the therapeutic potential of telomerase-specific oncolytic adenoviruses, OBP-301 and tumor suppressor p53-armed OBP-702, against human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. [Mol Ther Oncolytics] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

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Oxidative Stress and Diabetes: Antioxidative Strategies

Novel antioxidant delivery systems may overcome pharmacokinetic and stability problems and improve the selectivity of scavenging reactive oxide species. The authors focus on the role of oxidative stress and antioxidative therapies in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. [Front Med] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pancreatic cell research field.

Sun BioPharma Announces Pause in Enrollment of Clinical Trial of SBP-101 for Patients with Pancreatic Cancer

Sun BioPharma, Inc. announced it will pause enrollment in its ongoing clinical trial of SBP-101. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the conduct of clinical trials at their US and Australian sites. Some cancer centers have redeployed resources to prioritize COVID-19 patient care activities. [Sun BioPharma, Inc.] Press Release

Rybelsus^® (Oral Semaglutide) Approved for the Treatment of Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in the EU

Novo Nordisk announced that the European Commission has granted marketing authorization for Rybelsus^®, for the treatment of adults with insufficiently controlled type 2 diabetes to improve glycemic control. [Novo Nordisk] Press Release

Scientists Around the Globe Pivot Their Research to SARS-CoV-2

Numerous groups around the world have diverted their skills and resources to help stop the pandemic. While the majority of research at academic institutions grinds to a halt, some labs have kept their lights on to conduct coronavirus-related experiments. [The Scientist] Editorial

Safely Conducting Essential Research in the Face of COVID-19

Some scientists can’t simply stop going to their laboratories – especially not those who are overseeing clinical trials that could offer life-saving vaccines and therapies, particularly against the new coronavirus. And some research activities must continue even in the face of a shutdown. [Nature News] Editorial

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NEW Laboratory Manager – Diabetes (Helmholtz Zentrum München)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Inflammatory Cell Death (Genentech)

Postdoctoral Research Position – Cancer Therapeutics (NIH National Cancer Institute)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Tumor Metabolism and DNA Repair (The Ohio State University)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Pancreatic Beta Cells (Washington University School of Medicine)

Senior Scientist – Diabetes (International Institute of Innovation and Technology)

Investigator Group Leader – Metabolic Research in Diabetes (German Research Center for Environmental Health)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Pancreatic Cancer (The University of Tennessee Health Science Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Therapeutics in Pancreatic Cancer (The University of Tennessee Health Science Center)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (The University of Alabama at Birmingham)

Research Positions – Pancreatic Beta-Cells (Université de Montréal)

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