Pancreatic Cell News 9.46 November 20, 2018 | |
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TOP STORYScientists introduce a biomarker, ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-3, that was expressed on the cell surface of essentially all adult human β cells, including those from individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. [Cell Metab] Abstract | Graphical Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)DIABETES & PANCREATITISUsing pancreatic β-like cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells, researchers discovered that a commonly used pesticide, propargite, induced pancreatic β-cell death, a pathological hallmark of diabetes. [Nat Commun] Full Article Sphingosine Kinase 2 Promotes Lipotoxicity in Pancreatic β-Cells and the Progression of Diabetes Scientists reported that sphingosine kinase (SK) 2, another isoform of SK, is a crucial mediator of lipotoxicity in β-cells. Exposure of β-cells to palmitatic acid, a saturated free fatty acid, resulted in a nearly two-fold increase in SK2 expression, which paralleled the induction of cell death in a similar dose- and time-dependent fashion. [FASEB J] Abstract The authors showed that STZ-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis caused inhibition in insulin secretion while N-acetylcysteine treatment restored redox homeostasis, enhanced insulin secretion in control cells and prevented apoptosis in STZ-treated cells. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article Researchers monitored parameters that constituted the glucose-triggering pathway of insulin release. Both cell lines responded to glucose with two- to three-fold stimulation of insulin secretion which correlated with an elevation of calcium, membrane depolarization and increased action potential firing. [Sci Rep] Full Article Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Alters Ryanodine Receptor Function in the Murine Pancreatic β Cell Investigators applied intracellular and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium imaging techniques in INS-1 β cells and isolated islets to determine whether diabetogenic stressors alter ryanodine receptor (RyR) or inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R) function. They revealed that the RyR was sensitive mainly to ER stress-induced dysfunction, whereas cytokine stress specifically altered IP3R activity. [J Biol Chem] Full Article | Abstract PANCREATIC CANCERKnockdown of DCLK1 markedly suppressed cell growth in vitro and in vivo and also inhibited the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article Inactivation of NUPR1 Promotes Cell Death by Coupling ER-Stress Responses with Necrosis Investigators demonstrated that NUPR1 downregulation induced a mitochondrial failure with a loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential, a strong increase in ROS production and a concomitant relocalization of mitochondria to the vicinity of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) [Sci Rep] Full Article Scientists identified non-invasive markers for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma stroma and predicted response to therapy. Gene expression datasets, co-culture experiments, xenografts, and patient samples were analyzed. [Oncogenesis] Full Article Researchers used siRNA and shRNA to explore the function of circRHOT1 in pancreatic cancer cells. Bioinformatic analyses were applied to study the potential mechanism of circRHOT1. [Epigenomics] Abstract Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Hepatic Cell News & Intestinal Cell News. | |
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REVIEWSEmerging Hormonal-Based Combination Pharmacotherapies for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases Investigators summarize advances over the past decade in combination pharmacotherapy for the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, exclusively focusing on large-molecule formats and discuss the associated therapeutic opportunities and challenges. [Nat Rev Endocrinol] Abstract Pancreatic Cancer and Immunotherapy: Resistance Mechanisms and Proposed Solutions The authors identify and discuss the various resistance mechanisms of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma to immunotherapy and the solutions currently being studied to overcome them. [J Gastrointest Cancer] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pancreatic cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSPharmaxis Ltd. announced it has completed the preclinical package on its anti-fibrotic lysyl oxidase (LOX) program focused on pancreatic cancer and will this week file an ethics submission to enable progress into a Phase I clinical trial in healthy volunteers. The trial is planned to commence in the first quarter of 2019. [Pharmaxis Ltd.] Press Release The Pancreatic Cancer Collective, the strategic partnership of the Lustgarten Foundation and Stand Up To Cancer, has awarded a total of $7 million in first-round “New Therapies Challenge” grants to seven teams of top cancer researchers to explore new pancreatic cancer treatments. [Pancreatic Cancer Collective (American Association for Cancer Research)] Press Release UNSW Research Teams Win Grants to Tackle Pancreatic Cancer The Stem Cells & Cancer Group, led by Professor Heeschen, and the Pancreatic Cancer Translational Research Group, led by Associate Professor Phillips, were awarded $100,000 each by The Avner Pancreatic Cancer Foundation to pursue further study in cutting edge treatments and early diagnosis. [University of New South Wales] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSDuke University to Settle Case Alleging Researchers Used Fraudulent Data to Win Millions in Grants Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, is on the verge of settling a case brought by a former employee who claims the university included faked data in applications and reports for federal grants worth nearly $200 million. [ScienceInsider] Editorial French Science Behemoth Launches Research-Integrity Office France’s national research center, the CNRS, has announced plans to create its first office of research integrity to investigate scientific misconduct and promote good research practice. [Nature News] Editorial In Reversal, NSF Lifts Proposal Limits on Biologists In a reversal, NSF will no longer restrict researchers to only one proposal submission per year to the biology directorate’s three core tracks in which they are listed as a principal investigator (PI) or co-PI. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Research Technologist – Pancreatic Cell Research (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) NEW Computational Biologist – Translational Cancer Research (Technical University of Munich) NEW Research Lab Specialist – Cancer Biology (University of Southern California) NEW Postdoctoral Position – Pancreatic Cancer (University Hospitals) PhD Positions – Cancer Biology (Technical University of Munich) Postdoctoral Position – Lung and Pancreatic Cancers (University of California San Francisco) Research Associate/PhD Student – Pancreatic Beta Cell Biology (Technische Universität Dresden) Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cells and Diabetes (A*STAR) PhD Studentship – Pancreatic Cancer (Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute) Postdoctoral Fellow – Epithelial Carcinogenesis (Spanish National Cancer Research Centre) Postdoctoral Fellow – Islet Biology (University of Alberta) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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