Prostate Cell News Volume 10.04 | Feb 8 2019

TOP STORY

Widespread and Functional RNA Circularization in Localized Prostate Cancer

To fully characterize the transcriptome of localized prostate cancer, scientists performed ultra-deep total RNA-seq on 144 tumors with rich clinical annotation. This revealed a linear transcriptomic subtype associated with the aggressive intraductal carcinoma sub-histology and a fusion profile that differentiates localized from metastatic disease. [Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

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Suppressing Fatty Acid Uptake Has Therapeutic Effects in Preclinical Models of Prostate Cancer

The authors investigated the role of lipid metabolism in prostate cancer using tissue from patients with prostate cancer and patient-derived xenograft mouse models. They showed that fatty acid uptake was increased in human prostate cancer and that these fatty acids were directed toward biomass production. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | Press Release

TMPRSS2-ERG Activates NO-cGMP Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells

Scientists found that the expression of the α1 and β1 subunits of soluble guanylyl cyclase was directly and specifically regulated by ERG in vitro and in vivo and was significantly associated with TMPRSS2-ERG fusion in clinical prostate cancer cohorts. [Oncogene] Full Article

Three-Dimensional Analysis Reveals Two Major Architectural Subgroups of Prostate Cancer Growth Patterns

Intact tissue punches of representative Gleason growth patterns from radical prostatectomy specimens were fluorescently stained with antibodies targeting keratin 8/18 and keratin 5 for the detection of luminal and basal epithelial cells, respectively. [Mod Pathol] Full Article

Sox2 Expression Marks Castration‐Resistant Progenitor Cells in the Adult Murine Prostate

Researchers demonstrated that Sox2 expression was enriched in the epithelial cells of the proximal prostate adjacent to the urethra. They used lineage tracing of Sox2‐positive cells during prostatic development, homeostasis, and regeneration to show that the Sox2 lineage was capable of self‐renewal and contributed to prostatic regeneration. [Stem Cells] Abstract

Identification of Novel Oncogenic Events Occurring Early in Prostate Carcinogenesis Using Purified Autologous Malignant and Non‐Malignant Prostate Epithelial Cells

From five patient samples researchers identified 17 genes that were altered in prostate cancer epithelial cells, with 82% of genes being downregulated. Three genes, TDRD1, ANGTL4, and CLDN3, were consistently upregulated in malignant tissue. [BJU Int] Abstract

Cisplatin Enhances Cell Stiffness and Decreases Invasiveness Rate in Prostate Cancer Cells by Actin Accumulation

Investigators focused on the biomechanical and morphological characteristics of prostate cancer cells and their changes resulting from the effect of docetaxel, cisplatin, and long-term zinc supplementation. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Inhibition of the Deubiquitinase USP9x Induces Pre-B Cell Homeobox 1 (PBX1) Degradation and Thereby Stimulates Prostate Cancer Cell Apoptosis

Using immunohistochemical, -chemistry, and -precipitation assays with cells from individuals with benign or malignant prostate cancer or established prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines, scientists found that the oncogenic transcription factor PBX1 promoted PCa cell proliferation and conferred resistance against common anti-cancer drugs such as doxorubicin and cisplatin. [J Biol Chem] Abstract | Full Article

δ‐Tocotrienol Induces Apoptosis, Involving Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy, and Paraptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

Investigators demonstrated that δ‐tocotrienol (δ‐TT) exerted a cytotoxic/proapoptotic activity in castration‐resistant prostate cancer cells. They found that in PC3 cells: δ‐TT triggered both the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy pathways; autophagy induction was related to ER stress, and this ER stress/autophagy axis was involved in the antitumor activity of δ‐TT. [Cell Prolif] Full Article

Zinc Promotes Prostate Cancer Cell Chemosensitivity to Paclitaxel by Inhibiting Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition and Inducing Apoptosis

Zinc (Zn) and paclitaxel (PTX) increased proliferation inhibition in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner in prostate cancer cells, while Zn increased prostate cancer cell chemosensitivity to PTX. [Prostate] Abstract

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Prostate Cancer-Specific Hallmarks of Amino Acids Metabolism: Towards a Paradigm of Precision Medicine

The authors summarize the up-to-date knowledge of the importance of amino acids for prostate cancer pathogenesis with a special emphasis on potential applications of metabolic variabilities in the new oncologic paradigm of precision medicine. [Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer] Abstract

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Orion and Bayer Jointly Present New Data in Prostate Cancer from the Darolutamide ARAMIS-Study

Orion Corporation and Bayer announced that research on their jointly developed investigational compound darolutamide will be presented . [Press release from Orion Corporation discussing research to be presented at the 2019 American Society of Clinical Oncology Genitourinary (ASCO GU) Cancers Symposium, San Francisco] Press Release

The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy Expands Its Network to Include More Rising Stars in Cancer Immunotherapy

The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy recently welcomed seven talented early career researchers in cancer immunotherapy to its network as part of the Parker Scholars, Parker Bridge Scholars and Parker Fellows programs. These researchers will receive a total of up to $3.1 million in funding and the opportunity to train with top scientists in the field, to support them as they embark on their research to move the field forward. [The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy] Press Release

Barts Charity Supports ‘Rising Stars’ of Medical Research with £6m Grant

Barts Charity is granting £6 million to fund the ‘Rising Stars’ lectureship program and support the growth of some of the world’s best young medical researchers. [Queen Mary University of London] Press Release

Trump’s $500 Million for Childhood Cancer? Scientists Have Ideas How to Spend It

The pediatric cancer community applauded President Trump’s State of the Union promise of an additional $500 million over the next 10 years to fund research into cures for more childhood cancers. [STAT News] Editorial

NIH Asks Inspector General to Investigate 12 Allegations of Foreign Influence in US Research

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has referred 12 allegations relating to foreign influence over US-funded research to a federal oversight office, Sen. Chuck Grassley said. Grassley, the chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, has repeatedly demanded information from the NIH after the agency revealed in August it was investigating a half-dozen academic institutions — specifically, researchers who may have failed to disclose financial ties to foreign governments. [STAT News] Editorial

NEW Cell Symposia: Hallmarks of Cancer
November 17-19, 2019
Seattle, Washington, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Research Investigator – Genitourinary Medical Oncology (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

NEW Senior Computational Biologist – Molecular Oncology (Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute)

NEW Postdoctoral Positions – Stem Cell and Cancer Biology (Columbia University Irving Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology (Thomas Jefferson University)

Assistant Professor – Translational Cancer Research (Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso)

Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer (University of Trento)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer & Stem Cell Biology (City of Hope)

Faculty Position – Radiation Oncology & Molecular Radiation Sciences (Johns Hopkins University)

Research Fellow – Prostate Cancer Pathology (Weill Cornell Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Immunotherapy (University of Notre Dame)

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