Prostate Cell News Volume 10.20 | Jun 7 2019

TOP STORY

CDK9 Inhibition Induces a Metabolic Switch that Renders Prostate Cancer Cells Dependent on Fatty Acid Oxidation

Investigators report a multi-omics-profiling of prostate cancer cell responses to CDK9 inhibition to identify synthetic lethal interactions. These interactions were validated using live-cell imaging, mitochondrial flux-, viability- and cell death activation assays. [Neoplasia] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Relationship between ETS Transcription Factor ETV1 and TGF-β-Regulated SMAD Proteins in Prostate Cancer

The authors discovered that ETV1 formed complexes with SMAD4. SMAD2, SMAD3 and SMAD4 overexpression impaired ETV1’s ability to stimulate gene transcription. TGF-β1 inhibited ETV1-induced invasion by benign RWPE-1 prostate cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Effects of Long-Term Citrate Treatment in the PC3 Prostate Cancer Cell Line

Acute administration of high levels of extracellular citrate impaired cell adhesion and inhibited the proliferation of PC3 cells, but surviving cells adapted to grow in the chronic presence of 20 mM citrate. Citrate-resistant PC3 cells were significantly less glycolytic than control cells. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

Targeting Cathepsin K Diminishes Prostate Cancer Establishment and Growth in Murine Bone

Cathepsin K (CatK) mRNA expression was validated by RT-PCR, protein expression by immunoblotting in prostate cancer (PCa) LNCaP, C4-2B, and PC3 cells as well as in PCa tissues. Its protein production was measured using ELISA assay. The effect of both knockdowns via siRNA and CatK inhibitor was compared in regard to PCa cell invasion. [J Cancer Res Clin Oncol] Full Article

A Human-Derived Prostate Co-Culture Microtissue Model Using Epithelial (RWPE-1) and Stromal (WPMY-1) Cell Lines

Prostate microtissues composed of human derived stromal and epithelial cell lines grown in scaffold-free hydrogels were developed and characterized using immunohistochemistry, light microscopy, and qRT-PCR. Within five days after seeding, the microtissues self-organized into spheroids consisting of a core of stromal WPMY-1 cells surrounded by epithelial RWPE-1 cells. [Toxicol In Vitro] Abstract

Design and Synthesis of Phenylpiperazine Derivatives As Potent Anticancer Agents for Prostate Cancer

Organic molecules were tested for their anticancer activities against prostate cancer cell lines; DU 145, PC-3 and LNCaP. As the compound 5a exerted the highest cytotoxic activity, IC50 concentrations of 5a were further investigated in terms of morphology, colony forming ability, RNA expression, fragmented DNA and cell cycle distributions of prostate cancer cell lines. [Chem Biol Drug Des] Abstract

Effect of Citrus Peel Extracts on the Cellular Quiescence of Prostate Cancer Cells

The capacity of an ethyl acetate:hexane extract and water extract to modulate the cell cycle re-entry of quiescent prostate cancer cells was tested in an in vitro culture system. Cell cycle analysis showed that the quiescent PC-3 and LNCaP cancer cells in the presence of citrus peel extracts/water were impaired in their ability to enter the S phase where only 2–3% reduction of G0/G1 cells was noted compared to 12–18% reduction of control cells. [Food Funct] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Exosome-Derived miR-27a Produced by PSC-27 Cells Contributes to Prostate Cancer Chemoresistance through p53

Scientists constructed potential regulatory networks of exosomal miR-27a in prostate cancer (PCa) chemoresistance. The expression of miR-27a was significantly increased by treatment with cisplatin, doxorubicin and docetaxel in PCa tissues. They next co-cultured PCa cells with primary prostate fibroblasts to explore the mechanisms of tumor therapy resistance. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

Novel Mechanism of Endocrine Disruption by Fungicides through Binding to the Membrane Androgen Receptor, ZIP9 (SLC39A9), and Antagonizing Rapid Testosterone Induction of the Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

Possible disruption by prochloraz, vinclozolin, and 3’,5’-dichloro-2-hydroxy-2-methylbut-3-enanilide of androgen actions through a membrane androgen receptor was investigated in vitro in PC-3 prostate cancer cells over expressing human ZIP9. Single-point competitive binding assays showed 1μM and 10μM concentrations of all three pesticides displaced specific [3H]-testosterone binding to PC3-ZIP9 cell membranes with binding affinities less than 10% that of testosterone. [Steroids] Abstract

α-Casein Changes Gene Expression Profiles and Promotes Tumorigenesis of Prostate Cancer Cells

Researchers used gene expression profiling to identify gene changes in PC3 prostate cancer cells exposed to α-casein. α-casein altered the expression of a large number of genes-related to prostate cancer, transcription factor, apoptotic, metabolic, and cell cycle pathways, in addition to the expected cell proliferation signaling pathways. [Nutr Cancer] Abstract

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PLAC1: Biology and Potential Application in Cancer Immunotherapy

PLAC1 may be regarded as a potential CTP antigen for targeted cancer immunotherapy based on the available data on its promoting function in cancer development and also its expression in cancers of different histological origin. The authors summarize current data on PLAC1 with emphasis on its association with cancer development and immunotherapy. [Cancer Immunol Immunother] Abstract

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International Partnership Investigates Causes of Prostate Cancer

Researchers from the University of Birmingham, the University of Nottingham, and the Kenya Medical Research Institute will investigate the importance of immune cells and immune signals in male patients in Kenya and the UK. The international team is backed by a £660,000 research grant jointly awarded by the UK Medical Research Council and the Kenyan National Research Fund. [The University of Birmingham] Press Release

Nanostics Announces Launch of Its Clinical Validation Study for ClarityDX Prostate

Nanostics Inc. announced the start of its key clinical validation study. The study will be carried out with blood to be sampled from 2,800 men with elevated PSA levels. Patient recruitment will be managed by the Alberta Prostate Cancer Research Initiative and will start in Alberta at Calgary’s Prostate Cancer Centre and Edmonton’s Northern Alberta Urology Center. [Nanostics Inc. (CNW Group Ltd.)] Press Release

Powerful US Senator Calls for Vetting NIH Grantees at Hearing on Foreign Influences

Research typically enjoys bipartisan support in the US Congress. But when it comes to the increasingly contentious topic of academic espionage by foreign governments, politics is never far from the surface. At a hearing of the Senate Committee on Finance, Chairman Chuck Grassley urged federal agencies to do more to thwart “real, aggressive, and ongoing” attempts by foreign entities to steal the fruits of US-funded research. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Hungarians Protest against Proposed Government Takeover of Science

Thousands of scientists and their supporters marched through the streets of Budapest on 2 June to protest against a proposed law that would give the Hungarian government direct control of the country’s top research institutes. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 5^th Annual Cell & Gene Therapy Congress
October 24-25, 2019
London, United Kingdom

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Jak-Stat Signaling in Prostate and Pancreatic Cancer (Medical College of Wisconsin)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Genitourinary Medical Oncology (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Research Scientist – Cancer Cell Line Development (QLB Biotherapeutics, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Neutrophils in Prostate and Pancreatic Cancer (University of Nebraska Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Nanomedicine in Prostate Cancer (Queen’s University Belfast)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Cell Biology (University of Zurich)

Postdoctoral Research Position – Molecular Biology & Cancer Research (Augusta University)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer Biology (University of Maryland)

Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer (UT Health San Antonio)

Postdoctoral Position – Microenvironment & Cancer (Brigham and Women’s Hospital)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer & Stem Cell Biology (City of Hope)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Immunotherapy (University of Notre Dame)

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