Prostate Cell News Volume 10.40 | Oct 25 2019

TOP STORY

Humanized Bone Facilitates Prostate Cancer Metastasis and Recapitulates Therapeutic Effects of Zoledronic Acid In Vivo

The humanized tissue-engineered bone construct (hTEBC) was created within NOD-scid IL2rg^null mice and was used for the study of experimental PC3-Luc bone metastases. It was confirmed that PC3-Luc cells preferentially grew in the hTEBC compared with murine bone. [Bone Res] Full Article

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HNF1B-Mediated Repression of SLUG Is Suppressed by EZH2 in Aggressive Prostate Cancer

Scientists showed tumor suppressor Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1β (HNF1B) as a direct downstream target of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). EZH2 bound HNF1B locus and suppressed HNF1B expression in prostate cancer cell lines, which was further supported by the reverse correlation between EZH2 and HNF1B expression in clinical samples. [Oncogene] Full Article

EPHB4 Inhibition Activates ER Stress to Promote Immunogenic Cell Death of Prostate Cancer Cells

Researchers showed that high expression of EPHB4 correlated with poor survival in prostate cancer patients and EPHB4 inhibition induced cell death in both hormone sensitive and castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. EPHB4 inhibition reduced expression of the glucose transporter, GLUT3, impaired glucose uptake, and reduced cellular ATP levels. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Characterization of a Prostate- and Prostate Cancer-Specific Circular RNA Encoded by the Androgen Receptor Gene

Ivestigators identified and characterized an androgen receptor (AR) circular RNA, called circAR3, which is widely expressed in prostate cancer cell models and prostate tumors. circAR3 could be secreted into culture media of prostate cancer cell lines and was detectable in the serum from mice bearing prostate cancer xenografts. [Mol Ther Nucleic Acids] Abstract | Full Article

Apalutamide Sensitizes Prostate Cancer to Ionizing Radiation via Inhibition of Non-homologous End-Joining DNA Repair

Prostate cancer cell lines and tissue slices were treated with anti-androgen alone or combined with external beam radiation therapy. The effect of treatments on cell growth, tissue viability, DNA damage response, and cell cycle were investigated. RAD51 and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit levels were determined by Western blotting. [Cancers] Full Article

A Bispecific Antibody Targeting the αv and α5β1 Integrins Induces Integrin Degradation in Prostate Cancer Cells and Is Superior to Monospecific Antibodies

Monospecific antibodies to α5β1 and αv integrins alone and in combination, and a bispecific antibody that simultaneously targets α5β1 and αv integrins were compared in assays of chemotaxis, clonogenic survival and induction of endothelial migration. Cellular expression of integrins, their transcription, translation and degradation fate was compared. [Mol Cancer Res] Abstract

Synthesis of Novel Analogs of Thieno[2,3-d] Pyrimidin-4(3H)-Ones as Selective Inhibitors of Cancer Cell Growth.

New 2,3-disubstituted thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones were synthesized via a one-pot reaction from 2H-thieno[2,3-d] [1,3]oxazine-2,4(1H)-diones, aromatic aldehydes, and benzylamine or 4-hydroxylbezylamine. The obtained compounds were tested in vitro for cancer cell growth inhibition. [Biomolecules] Full Article

G Alpha-13 Induces C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 Expression in Prostate Cancer Cells by Transactivating NF-κB

To better understand how GNA13 contributes to tumorigenesis and tumor progression, investigators compared the entire transcriptome of prostate cancer cells with those cells in which GNA13 expression had been silenced. This analysis revealed that GNA13 levels affected multiple CXC-family chemokines. [J Biol Chem] Abstract

Macrofluidic Recirculating Model of Skeletal Metastasis

The authors created a macrofluidic model using culture plate wells connected with type I collagen-coated large bore tubing and had recirculating media. Green fluorescent protein-positive prostate carcinoma cells in a hydrogel or excised tumor xenografts from mice were placed into primary tumor sites and either human bone stromal cells in a hydrogel or human-derived bone chips were seeded into metastatic sites. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Molecular Signatures Associated with Prostate Cancer Cell Line (PC-3) Exposure to Inactivated Zika Virus

A metabolomic approach based on high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis led to the identification of 21 statistically relevant markers of PC-3 cells treated with inactivated Zika virus prototype. The markers were associated with metabolic alterations that trigger lipid remodeling, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammatory mediators, as well as disrupted porphyrin and folate metabolism. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Exosome circ_0044516 Promotes Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation and Metastasis as a Potential Biomarker

circ_0044516 was found upregulated in prostate cancer and the roles and molecular mechanism of circ_0044516 was investigated. Firstly, the exosomes of prostate cancer patients were collected for human circRNAs microarray to screen the circRNA expression profile. There were 35 significantly expressed circRNAs with more than fivefolds from microarray analysis. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

Apoptosis Induction in Lung and Prostate Cancer Cells through Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Pinus roxburghii Bioactive Fraction

Butanol fraction of Pinus roxburghii exhibited maximum anticancer activity on lung adenocarcinomas as compared to other fractions therefore, butanol fraction was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles. The characterization studies by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and selected area electron diffraction confirmed the synthesis of the nanoparticles. [J Biol Inorg Chem] Abstract | Graphic Abstract

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An Evaluation of Current Prostate Cancer Diagnostic Approaches with Emphasis on Liquid Biopsies and Prostate Cancer

The authors examined the current areas of interest in which circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA are being investigated, such as their prognostic and predictive role in response to chemotherapy or androgen receptor signaling inhibition, especially in the castration resistant setting. [Expert Rev Mol Diagn] Abstract

Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome and Prostate Cancer: Study of Immune Cells and Cytokines

Manipulating the immune system and targeting tumor microenvironment are promising new methods for the treatment of prostate cancer. Investigators highlight the concept that immune cells and cytokines provide a research strategy for the etiology of type III chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndromes and offer potentially promising targets for the treatment of prostate cancer. [Fundam Clin Pharmacol] Abstract

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Anixa Biosciences Announces Collaboration with Urology San Antonio on Cchek^™ Prostate Cancer Study

Anixa Biosciences, Inc. announced its collaboration with Urology San Antonio, PA in Anixa’s ongoing Cchek^™ prostate cancer study. Urology San Antonio joins a large and growing team of collaborators advancing the Cchek^™ liquid biopsy technology toward commercialization. [Anixa Biosciences, Inc.] Press Release

Sophiris Bio Receives Positive Feedback from FDA regarding Phase III Localized Prostate Cancer Clinical Trial Design

Sophiris Bio, Inc. announced that following an end of Phase II/ pre-Phase III meeting with the FDA, there is agreement regarding the design of a single Phase III clinical trial to evaluate the potential of topsalysin as a targeted focal therapy to treat patients with intermediate risk localized prostate cancer. [Sophiris Bio, Inc.] Press Release

Female Researchers in Australia Less Likely to Win Major Medical Grants than Males

Female scientists in Australia were less likely to win a major type of medical-research grants this year than their male counterparts, despite an overhaul of the country’s science funding that was supposed to address gender inequity. [Nature News] Editorial

Breaking: Trump Names Seven to Revived Presidential Science Advisory Panel

Thirty-three months after taking office, President Donald Trump has chosen a group of business leaders to advise him on science and technology policy. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

UK Science Minister Says DARPA-Like Agency Is in the Works

The UK government is working to establish a “blue sky” funding agency similar to the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, UK science minister Chris Skidmore told the Science and Technology Select Committee of Parliament’s House of Commons. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW Gordon Research Conference: FGF Signaling – Understanding Function and Devising Therapeutic Tools
May 10-15, 2020
Lucca, Italy

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NEW Postdoctoral Studentship – Genomics of Hereditary Prostate Cancer (University of Manchester)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Prostate Tumor Microenvironment (NorthShore University Health System)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Prostate Cancer (University of California, San Francisco)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Hormone Therapy Resistance in Prostate Cancer (Duke University Medical Center)

Research Fellow – Cancer Research (Mayo Clinic)

Assistant Professor – Biology of Genitourinary Cancers (University of Chicago)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Prostate Cancer (Weill Cornell Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Molecular Mechanisms of Androgen Synthesis (Cleveland Clinic)

Postdoctoral Associate – Prostate and Breast Cancer (Baylor College of Medicine)

Two Postdoctoral Fellows – Prostate or Brain Cancer (Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Prostate and Bladder Cancer (Columbia University Medical Center)

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