Prostate Cell News Volume 3.40 | Oct 19 2012

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    Prostate Cell News 3.40 October 19, 2012

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY

    Multipotent and Unipotent Progenitors Contribute to Prostate Postnatal Development
    Scientists used inducible genetic lineage tracing experiments in mice to investigate the cellular hierarchy that governs prostate postnatal development. They found that prostate postnatal development is mediated by basal multipotent stem cells that differentiate into basal, luminal and neuroendocrine cells, as well as by unipotent basal and luminal progenitors. [Nat Cell Bio] Abstract | Press Release

    View Lectures, Tools, Protocols and Other Resources on the Human Immunology Portal (www.humanimmunologyportal.com)

    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

    LABORATORY RESEARCH

    Regulated Proteolysis of Trop2 Drives Epithelial Hyperplasia and Stem Cell Self-Renewal via β-Catenin Signaling
    Researchers demonstrated that loss of β-catenin or Trop2 loss-of-function cleavage mutants abrogates Trop2-driven self-renewal and hyperplasia in the prostate. These findings suggest that heightened expression of Trop2 is selected for in epithelial cancers to enhance the stem-like properties of self-renewal and proliferation. [Genes Dev] Full Article | Press Release

    Serum Glutamate Levels Correlate with Gleason Score and Glutamate Blockade Decreases Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion and Induces Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells
    The effect of glutamate deprivation or blockade by metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 antagonists was investigated on prostate cancer cells’ growth, migration, and invasion to establish biologic relevance. [Clin Cancer Res] Abstract

    Autophagy Is Differentially Induced in Prostate Cancer LNCaP, DU145 and PC-3 Cells via Distinct Splicing Profiles of ATG5
    Autophagic responses to chemotherapeutic agents may vary greatly among different prostate cancer cells and have not been well characterized. Scientists showed that valproic acid induced conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II and formation of LC3 puncta, the typical markers of autophagy, in LNCaP and PC-3 cells. [Autophagy] Full Article

    Tumor Suppressive miR-124 Targets Androgen Receptor and Inhibits Proliferation of Prostate Cancer Cells
    The authors completed a series of experiments to understand the functional role of microRNA (miR)-124 in prostate cancer (CaP). They detected the expression level of miR-124 in clinical CaP tissues, evaluated the influence of miR-124 on the growth of CaP cells and investigated the mechanism underlying the dysregulation of miR-124. [Oncogene] Abstract

    15- Lipoxygenase-1-Mediated Metabolism of Docosahexaenoic Acid Is Required for Syndecan-1 Signaling and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells
    Previous studies have shown that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells by a syndecan-1-dependent mechanism. Here, scientists examined the contribution of lipoxygenase- and cyclooxygenase-mediated DHA metabolism to this effect. [Carcinogenesis] Abstract

    Livin Expression May Be Regulated by miR-198 in Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
    Metastatic prostate cancer cell line DU145 expresses high level of Livin mRNA yet low level of its protein. Thus, investigators hypothesized that Livin was regulated by some miRNAs in prostate cancer cells. Livin mRNA and protein expression were investigated by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. [Eur J Cancer] Abstract

    Inflammatory Cytokines and Survival Factors from Serum Modulate Tweak-Induced Apoptosis in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells
    Fn14 expression and tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (Tweak) actions were studied in two human prostate cancer cell lines, the androgen-independent PC-3 cell line and androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells. Additionally, the expression of Fn14 was analyzed in human biopsies of prostate cancer. [PLoS One] Full Article

    Inhibitor of Differentiation 1 (Id1) and Id3 Proteins Play Different Roles in TGFβ Effects on Cell Proliferation and Migration in Prostate Cancer Cells
    Scientists investigated the role of Id1 and Id3 proteins in the growth inhibitory effects of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) on prostate cancer cells. [Prostate] Abstract

    Human Cytosolic Sialidase (NEU2)-Low General Tissue Expression but Involvement in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cell Survival
    Researchers found that NEU2 expression assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was extremely low or undetectable in many human tissues and cells, with notable exceptions like the placenta and testis. Among a series of human cancer cell lines examined, only prostate cancer PC-3 cells exhibited relatively high expression and NEU2-silencing with a small interfering RNA resulted in decreased cell survival and motility. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

    CLINICAL RESEARCH

    Salvage Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy for Locally Recurrent Prostate Cancer after Cryotherapy
    The authors summarized their results of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for prostate adenocarcinoma after cryotherapy failure. Patients underwent IMRT with curative intent for biochemically recurrent prostate cancer after cryotherapy. [Clin Genitourin Cancer] Abstract

    Whitepaper: Automated Cell Isolation Enables More Relevant HIV Models

    REVIEWS

    Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of COX-2 Expression and Polymorphisms in Prostate Cancer
    Gene polymorphisms in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) have been implicated to alter the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) and overexpression of COX-2 may be associated with clinical and prognostic significance in PCa. However, the results of these studies are inconclusive or controversial. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationships, researchers performed an updated meta-analysis. [Mol Bio Rep] Abstract

    Benign Prostate Hyperplasia and Stem Cells: A New Therapeutic Opportunity
    It has been proposed that stromal stem cells in the prostate may be caused by the development of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). This review focuses on the putative role of stromal stem or stem-like cells in the development of BPH and assesses the potential of targeting the stem cells for the treatment of BPH. [Cell Biol Toxicol] Abstract

    INDUSTRY NEWS

    Prostate Cancer ‘Dream Team’ Includes UCSC Bioinformatics Experts
    University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) biomolecular engineer Joshua Stuart is a principal member of a new “Dream Team” of cancer researchers working to develop personalized treatments for advanced prostate cancer. Stand Up To Cancer and the Prostate Cancer Foundation, along with the American Association for Cancer Research, announced a $10 million, three-year grant to fund the new project, which aims to overcome the treatment resistance that can develop in advanced prostate cancer.  [The University of California, Santa Cruz] Press Release

    OPKO Health to Acquire Prost-Data (OURLab), a Profitable CLIA Laboratory with Strong U.S. Presence in Urologic Pathology

    OPKO Health, Inc. has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Prost-Data, Inc., doing business as OURLab. OURLab provides OPKO with a commercial platform to support the near-term U.S. commercial launch of its novel panel of kallikrein biomarkers and associated algorithm for the detection of prostate cancer. [OPKO Health, Inc.] Press Release

    POLICY NEWS

    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

    EVENTS

    NEW STEM 2013, 9th Annual Conference – Society for Regenerative Medicine & Tissue Engineering
    January 31-February 1, 2013
    Bangalore, India

    Visit
    our events page to see a complete list of events in the prostate cell community.

    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Quality Control Operations Coordinator (STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.)

    Scientific Communications & Publishing Coordinator (STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.)

    Product Manager – Hematopoietic (STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.)

    Product Quality Scientist (STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.)

    Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer Metastasis (Lund University)

    Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer (Sunnybrook Research Institute)

    Research Associate – Quality Assurance (University of California)

    Senior Postdoctoral Position – Endocrinology and Therapeutics of Prostate Cancer (Baylor College of Medicine)

    Postdoctoral Position – Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer (CEA)

    Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Tumor Mouse Models (Medical University of South Carolina)

    Postdoctoral Position – Advanced Prostate Cancer Investigations (University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)

    Postdoctoral Position – Fluorescent Protein Technology/Cloning (State University of Campinas)

    Postdoctoral Position – Tumor Stem Cells (Cancer Institute of New Jersey)

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