Prostate Cell News Volume 4.18 | May 17 2013

LABORATORY RESEARCH

Stress Response Protein RBM3 Attenuates the Stem-Like Properties of Prostate Cancer Cells by Interfering with CD44 Variant Splicing
Scientists report that RBM3 is expressed at low basal levels in human fetal prostate or in CD133+ prostate epithelial cells (PrEC), compared to the adult prostate or to CD133- PrEC, and RBM3 is downregulated in cells cultured in soft agar or exposed to stress. Notably, RBM3 overexpression in prostate cancer cells attenuated their stem cell-like properties in vitro as well as their tumorigenic potential in vivo. [Cancer Res] Abstract

Expression and Function of the Progesterone Receptor in Human Prostate Stroma Provide Novel Insights to Cell Proliferation Control
The authors investigated the expression and function of the progesterone receptor (PR) in the prostate. Two PR isoforms, PRA and PRB, are expressed in prostate stromal fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, but not in epithelial cells. [J Clin Endocr Metab] Abstract

CK2-NCoR Signaling Cascade Promotes Prostate Tumorigenesis
Investigators report that both casein kinase 2 (CK2) activity and CK2-mediated NCoR phosphorylation are significantly elevated in the androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line DU145 and PC-3 compared with RWPE1 and LNCaP cells. [Oncotarget] Full Article

Differential Androgen Deprivation Therapies with Anti-Androgens of Casodex or MDV3100 vs Anti-Androgen Receptor of ASC-J9 Lead to Promote vs Suppress Prostate Cancer Metastasis
Using in vitro and in vivo metastasis models with human prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines, scientists evaluated the effects of the currently used anti-androgens, Casodex and MDV3100, and the newly developed anti-androgen receptor compounds, ASC-J9 and cryptotanshinone, on PCa cell growth and invasion. In vitro results showing that 10 μM Casodex or MDV3100 treatments suppressed PCa cell growth and reduce prostate specific antigen level, yet significantly enhanced PCa cells invasion. [J Biol Chem]
Abstract | Full Article

Differential Cytotoxic Activity of a Novel Palladium-Based Compound on Prostate Cell Lines, Primary Prostate Epithelial Cells and Prostate Stem Cells
Researchers screened the effect of a novel palladium-based anticancer agent (Pd complex) against six different prostate cancer cell lines, and primary cultures from seven Gleason 6/7 prostate cancer, three Gleason 8/9 prostate cancer and four benign prostate hyperplasia patient samples, as well as cancer stem cells selected from primary cultures. The Pd complex showed a powerful growth-inhibitory effect against both cell lines and primary cultures. [PLoS One] Full Article

Fate of the Human Y Chromosome Linked Genes and Loci in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines DU145 and LNCaP
Researchers screened 51 standard sequence tagged sites corresponding to a male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY), sequenced the coding region of the SRY gene and assessed the status of the DYZ1 arrays in the human prostate cancer cell lines DU145 and LNCaP. The MSY was found to be intact and coding region of SRY showed no sequence variation in both the cell lines. [BMC Genomics]
Abstract | Full Article

BRCA1 and p53 Regulate Critical Prostate Cancer Pathways
Considering that p53 is a crucial target in cancer therapy, scientists investigated p53 role in the regulation of transcription of GADD153. They found that GADD153 was highly induced by doxorubicin in prostate cancer cells (PC3) cells; however, this response was totally abolished in LNCaP and in p53-restituted PC3 cells. [Prostate Cancer P D] Abstract

Interactional Expression of Netrin-1 and Its Dependence Receptor UNC5B in Prostate Carcinoma
To investigate the association of netrin-1 and UNC5B expression with prostate carcinoma, several human prostate carcinoma cell lines were cultured and the expression levels of netrin-1 and UNC5B were determined by real-time PCR and Western blot. Proliferation of DU145 cells was affected by the recruitment of PMA and calphostin C in a dose-dependent manner. [Tumor Biol] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Agent Orange as a Risk Factor for High-Grade Prostate Cancer
Scientists determined the association between Agent Orange exposure (AOe) and the risk of detecting high-grade prostate cancer (PCa) on biopsy in a US Veteran cohort. AOe was associated with a 52% increase in the overall risk of detecting PCa. [Cancer] Abstract

Significance of Obesity Markers and Adipocytokines in High Grade and High Stage Prostate Cancer in North Indian Men – A Cross-Sectional Study
The authors investigated the role of adipocytokines in stimulating the promotion and progression of prostate cancer (CaP). The level of body mass index, waste to hip ratio, interleukin-6, leptin, and adiponectin were compared between benign prostatic hyperplasia and CaP groups and between grades and stages of prostate cancer. [Cytokine] Abstract

Oxidative Stress in Prostate Cancer: Changing Research Concepts towards a Novel Paradigm for Prevention and Therapeutics
In prostate cancer (PC), oxidative stress, an innate key event characterized by supraphysiological reactive oxygen species concentrations, has been identified as one of the hallmarks of the aggressive disease phenotype. This review summarizes accepted concepts and principles in redox research, and explores their implications and limitations in PC. [Prostate Cancer P D] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the prostate cell research field.

Bayer Receives U.S. FDA Approval for Cancer Treatment Xofigo® (Radium 223 Dichloride) Injection
Bayer HealthCare announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Xofigo® for the treatment of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer, symptomatic bone metastases and no known visceral metastatic disease. [Bayer AG] Press Release

Tokai Pharmaceuticals Announces $35.5 Million Series E Financing
Tokai Pharmaceuticals, Inc., announced that the company raised $35.5 million in a Series E financing based on encouraging clinical progress and investor support for galeterone, Tokai’s lead prostate cancer drug candidate. [Tokai Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

NIH Saves Lives: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Calls on Congress to Restore Full NIH Funding
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center called on Congress to support restoring full funding to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which supports pioneering research that saves lives. Funding was recently cut due to sequestration. [Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center] Press Release

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NEW ICCSCE 2013: International Conference on Cell and Stem Cell Engineering
September 26-27, 2013
Rome, Italy

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the prostate cell community.

NEW PCUK Funded PhD Studentship – Prostate Cancer (Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London)

Postdoctoral Position – Molecular Biology and Cancer Research (University of California San Francisco)

PhD Position – Identification and Validation of New Biomarkers (University of Bergen)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Stem Cell and Cancer Biology (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

PhD Studentship – Investigation into Chemokine Receptor Induced Cell Migration (University of East Anglia)

Researcher – Prostate Cancer (Prostate Cancer UK)

Postdoctoral Position – Metabolic and Molecular Mechanisms of Advanced Prostate Cancer (Cleveland Clinic)

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