Prostate Cell News Volume 4.26 | Jul 12 2013

Mutual Regulation between Raf/MEK/ERK Signaling and Y-Box-Binding Protein-1 Promotes Prostate Cancer Progression
Researchers examined the interaction between Y-box-binding protein-1 (YB-1) and the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in prostate cancer. Epidermal-growth factor up-regulated phosphorylated YB-1 (p-YB-1), while MEK inhibitor decreased p-YB-1. Inversely, silencing of YB-1 using small-interfering RNA decreased the expression of ERK2, and phosphorylated MEK, ERK1/2, and RSK. [Clin Cancer Res] Abstract

DNA Methylation and Nucleosome Occupancy Regulate the Cancer Germline Antigen Gene MAGEA11
In prostate and epithelial ovarian cancers, MAGEA11 expression was associated with promoter and global DNA hypomethylation, and with activation of other cancer germline genes. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of DNA methyltransferases and/or histone deacetylases activated MAGEA11 in a cell line specific manner. [Epigenetics] Abstract

Surface CD24 Distinguishes between Low Differentiated and Transit-Amplifying Cells in the Basal Layer of Human Prostate
Scientists examined the role of surface markers to distinguish between different subsets of prostate basal epithelium. Subsets with distinct differentiation capacities within the basal epithelium can be distinguished in human prostate. [Prostate] Abstract

Targeted Induction of Endogenous NKX3-1 by Small Activating RNA Inhibits Prostate Tumor Growth
Researchers used small activating RNA (saRNA) as a molecular tool to examine NKX3-1‘s role as a tumor suppressor and tested in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of NKX3-1 induction by saRNA. NKX3-1 saRNA induced NKX3-1 expression in different prostate cancer cell lines, resulting in inhibited cell proliferation and survival, cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death. [Prostate] Abstract

Repression of NR4A1 by a Chromatin Modifier Promotes Docetaxel Resistance in PC-3 Human Prostate Cancer Cells
Scientists report the upregulated expression of metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1), a component of the nucleosome remodeling deacetylation complex, in chemoresistant prostate cancer. MTA1 knockdown in PC-3 cells inhibited cell proliferation and enhanced docetaxel-induced cell death. [FEBS Lett] Abstract

Anterograde Trafficking of CXCR4 and CCR2 Receptors in a Prostate Cancer Cell Line
PC3 prostate cancer cells were used to demonstrate the importance of various Rab GTPases on cell surface expression and signaling of CXCR4 and CCR2, along with the CXCR4/CCR2 heterodimer. Rab GTPases required for cell surface expression and signal transduction of CXCR4 or CCR2 differ from those required for the CXCR4/CCR2 heterodimer. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibits Lysophosphatidic Acid-Induced Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Expression in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells
Scientists first confirmed the ability of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) to induce vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) expression in PC-3 cells and then validated that LPA-induced VEGF-A expression was regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1a and aromatic hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Full Article

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Migration of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells Is Driven by Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in an HIF-1a/ß-Catenin-Dependent Pathway
Scientists first comparatively analyzed a series of prostate cancer stem cells, which exhibited a dynamically increasing and disseminating ability in nude mice. They observed that the transcriptional activity of HIF-1a and ß-catenin became gradually elevated in these stem cells and their epithelial-mesenchymal transition characteristic altered from an epithelial type to a mesenchymal type. [Mol Cells] Abstract

The Effect of LHRH Antagonist Cetrorelix in Crossover Conditioned Media from Epithelial (BPH-1) and Stromal (WPMY-1) Prostate Cells
Investigators evaluated the effects of crossover conditioned media (CM) of stromal and epithelial prostate cells before and after treatment with LHRH antagonist Cetrorelix. CM from WPMY-1 cells strongly stimulated the proliferation of BPH-1 cells in a dose dependent manner, while CM from BPH-1 cells only slightly increased the proliferation of WPMY-1 cells. [Horm Metab Res] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Effect of Soy Protein Isolate Supplementation on Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer after Radical Prostatectomy
The authors determined whether daily consumption of a soy protein isolate supplement for two years reduces the rate of biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy or delays such recurrence. Daily consumption of a beverage powder supplement containing soy protein isolate for two years following radical prostatectomy did not reduce biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer in men at high risk of prostate-specific antigen failure. [JAMA] Abstract | Press Release

Arylsulfatase B (N-Acetylgalactosamine-4-Sulfatase): Potential Role As a Biomarker in Prostate Cancer
Arylsulfatase B (ARSB) immunostaining was performed on two tissue microarrays and analyzed by digital image analysis, generating ARSB H-scores for prevalence and intensity of epithelial, stromal and combined epithelial and stromal immunostaining. Forty-four cases of prostate cancer were paired by age, race, Gleason score and pathological tumor, node, metastasis score. The pairs differed by recurrence vs non-recurrence of elevated PSA at = 4 years. [Prostate Cancer P D] Abstract

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Integrated Medical Professionals Is the First in New York State to Offer New Drug for Advanced Prostate Cancer in New York Metro Area
Integrated Medical Professionals, PLLC, a multi-specialty practice that includes Advanced Urology Centers of New York and Advanced Radiation Centers of New York, is adding Xofigo® (radium Ra 223 dichloride) from Bayer HealthCare to its list of treatment options for patients suffering with advanced prostate cancer. [BusinessWire] Press Release

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Fellowship – Role of LINE-1 Global Methylation in Progression of Prostate Cancer (Universita’ degli Studi di Torino)

Project Scientist – Prostate Cancer Research (University of California at Los Angeles)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Biology and Chemotherapy Resistance (Dalhousie University)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Drug Discovery/GU Oncology (Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute)

Director of Cell Processing Facility (S L Collins Associates, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Position – Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer (Mount Sinai School)

PhD Studentship – Investigation into Chemokine Receptor Induced Cell Migration (University of East Anglia)

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