LABORATORY RESEARCH ProNGF Correlates with Gleason Score and Is a Potential Driver of Nerve Infiltration in Prostate Cancer Nerve infiltration is essential to prostate cancer progression, but the mechanism by which nerves are attracted to prostate tumors remains unknown. Scientists report that the precursor of nerve growth factor (proNGF) is overexpressed in prostate cancer and involved in the ability of prostate cancer cells to induce axonogenesis. [Am J Pathol] Abstract Long Noncoding RNAs as Putative Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer Detection Scientists identified a group of differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs in prostate cancer cell lines and patient samples and further characterized six long noncoding RNAs in prostatic adenocarcinoma tissue samples and compared them with matched normal tissues. [J Mol Diagn] Abstract | Press Release Inhibition of TGF-β/SMADs Signal by miR-155 Is Involved in Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Anti-Angiogenesis in Prostate Cancer Arsenic trioxide attenuated the angiogenic ability by microRNA-155 (miR-155)-mediated inhibition of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/SMADs signal pathway in human prostate cancer PC-3 and LNCaP cells in vitro and in vivo. [Cancer Sci] Abstract Short Hairpin RNA Library-Based Functional Screening Identified Ribosomal Protein L31 that Modulates Prostate Cancer Cell Growth via p53 Pathway Investigators performed short hairpin RNA-mediated functional screening to identify genes involved in bicalutamide-mediated effects on LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Protein levels of the tumor suppressor p53 and its targets, p21 and MDM2, were increased in LNCaP and bicalutamide-resistant LNCaP cells treated with RPL31 small interfering RNA. [PLoS One] Full Article AZD1152-HQPA Induces Growth Arrest and Apoptosis in Androgen-Dependent Prostate Cancer Cell Line (LNCaP) via Producing Aneugenic Micronuclei and Polyploidy Researchers investigated the effects of Aurora B inhibitor, AZD1152-HQPA, on survival and proliferation of androgen receptor-positive prostate cancer cells. They explored the effects of AZD1152-HQPA on cell viability, DNA content, micronuclei formation, and expression of genes involved in apoptosis and cell cycle. [Tumor Biol] Abstract Zoledronic Acid Increases Cytotoxicity by Inducing Apoptosis in Hormone and Docetaxel-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cell Lines Researchers investigated the possible synergistic/additive cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of combination of docetaxel and zoledronic acid in PC-3 hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells as well as their docetaxel-resistant sublines. [Tumor Biol] Abstract LSD1 Controls Metastasis of Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells through PXN and LPAR6 Investigators show that depletion of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) leads to increased migration and invasion of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Transcriptome and cistrome analyses reveal that LSD1 regulates expression of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6 (LPAR6) and cytoskeletal genes including the focal adhesion adaptor protein paxillin (PXN). [Oncogenesis] Full Article CLINICAL RESEARCH Prognostic Factors for Survival in Noncastrate Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Validation of the Glass Model and Development of a Novel Simplified Prognostic Mode Investigators aimed to validate noncastrate metastatic prostate cancer (NCMPC) risk groups in a recently diagnosed population and to develop a more sensitive prognostic model. NCMPC patients were randomized to receive continuous androgen deprivation therapy with or without docetaxel in the GETUG-15 Phase III trial. [Eur Urol] Abstract Phase I, Dose-Escalation Study of the Targeted Cytotoxic LHRH Analog AEZS-108 in Patients with Castration- and Taxane-Resistant Prostate Cancer The Phase I study determined the maximum tolerated dose of AEZS-108 in men with taxane- and castration-resistant prostate cancer while providing additional information on the safety profile and efficacy of this agent. [Clin Cancer Res] Abstract |