Prostate Cell News Volume 6.00 | Jan 9 2015

miR-183 in Prostate Cancer Cells Positively Regulates Synthesis and Serum Levels of Prostate-Specific Antigen
Scientists investigated whether microRNA (miRNA) affects the synthesis and serum levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). miR-183 was found to bind the 3′ untranslated region of PSA directly and increase both protein and messenger RNA levels. [Eur Urol] Abstract

Orphan Nuclear Receptor TLX Functions as a Potent Suppressor of Oncogene-Induced Senescence in Prostate Cancer via Its Transcriptional Co-Regulation of CDKN1A (p21^WAF1/CIP1) and SIRT1 Genes
Researchers report that TLX can act as a promoter of tumorigenesis in prostate cancer by suppressing oncogene-induced senescence. They determined that TLX exhibited an increased expression in high-grade prostate cancer tissues and many prostate cancer cell lines. [J Pathol] Abstract

Inhibition of Stat5a/B Enhances Proteasomal Degradation of Androgen Receptor Liganded by Antiandrogens in Prostate Cancer
Investigators demonstrate that Stat5a/b sequesters antiandrogen-liganded androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells and protects it against proteasomal degradation in prostate cancer. [Mol Cancer Ther] Abstract

Enrichment of Human Stem-Like Prostate Cells with s-SHIP Promoter Activity Uncovers a Role in Stemness for the Long Non-Coding RNA H19
Scientists observed that s-SHIP (stem-SH2-domain-containing 5’-inositol phosphatase)-green fluorescent protein-expressing RWPE-1 cells showed stem cell characteristics such as increased expression of stem cell surface markers and pluripotency transcription factors, and enhanced sphere-forming capacity and resistance to arsenite-induced cell death. [Stem Cells Dev] Abstract

Multi-Drug Resistance ABC Transporter Inhibition Enhances Murine Ventral Prostate Stem/Progenitor Cell Differentiation
Researchers hypothesized that multi-drug resistance ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters regulate prostate differentiation and epithelium regeneration. Prostate epithelial differentiation was studied using histology, sphere formation assay and prostate regeneration induced by cycles of repeated androgen withdrawal and replacement. [Stem Cells Dev] Abstract

Elevated Circulating Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) Levels Are Associated with Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer
The authors used qRT-PCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry to evaluate TIMP-1 expression in androgen-sensitive and resistant prostate cancer cell lines, tumor tissues and patient sera, and to correlate TIMP-1 levels to expression of chromogranin A, an established marker of neuroendocrine differentiation. [Prostate] Abstract

Divergent Effect of Liver X Receptor Agonists on Prostate-Specific Antigen Expression Is Dependent on Androgen Receptor in Prostate Carcinoma Cells
Scientists used two synthetic, non-steroidal LXR agonists, T0901317 and GW3965, to investigate the effects of LXR agonist modulation on prostate-specific antigen via the expressions of androgen receptors, LXRα, or LXRβ, in prostate carcinoma cells. [Prostate] Abstract

SHARPIN Overexpression Induces Tumorigenesis in Human Prostate Cancer LNCaP, DU145 and PC-3 Cells via NF-κB/ERK/Akt Signaling Pathway
Scientists found that overexpression of SHARPIN in LNCaP, DU145 and PC-3 cells promoted cell proliferation, invasiveness and reduced apoptosis. Furthermore, SHARPIN overexpression displayed elevated Bcl-2 and Survivin expression and reduced levels of Bax, cleaved caspase-3. [Med Oncol] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Effectiveness of Androgen-Deprivation Therapy and Radiotherapy for Older Men with Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer
Investigators examined whether the survival advantage of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) with radiotherapy relative to ADT alone for men with locally advanced prostate cancer reported in two randomized trials holds in real-world clinical practice and extended the evidence to patients poorly represented in the trials. [J Clin Oncol] Abstract | Press Release

Effect of Bipolar Androgen Therapy for Asymptomatic Men with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Results from a Pilot Clinical Study
Preclinical data supported a pilot study in which 16 asymptomatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with low to moderate metastatic burden were treated with testosterone cypionate and etoposide. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | Press Release | Editorial

Androgen-Targeted Therapy-Induced Epithelial Mesenchymal Plasticity and Neuroendocrine Transdifferentiation in Prostate Cancer: An Opportunity for Intervention
Activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and neuroendocrine transdifferentiation via inhibition of the androgen axis provides a mechanism by which tumor cells can adapt to promote disease recurrence and progression. [Front Oncol] Full Article

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OncoGenex to Regain Rights to Custirsen from Teva
OncoGenex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that it has executed an initial agreement with Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. to regain rights to custirsen, an investigational compound currently being evaluated in Phase III clinical development as a treatment for prostate and lung cancers. [OncoGenex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

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NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Wnt Signaling in Development and Disease (Van Andel Research Institute)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer Epigenetics and Genomics (UT Southwestern)

NEW PhD Studentship – Chemokine Receptor in Prostate Cancer Metastasis (University of East Anglia)

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cell Biology (CEA/Grenoble )

Postdoctoral Research Associate Positions – Cancer Biology (Hollings Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Molecular Mechanisms and Translational Investigations of Advanced Prostate Cancer (Cleveland Clinic)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Chromatin and Epigenetic Regulation (Van Andel Research Institute)

Research Technologist – Media Development (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Prostate Cell Research (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Cell Culture Support Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Immunology/Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

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