Prostate Cell News Volume 6.32 | Aug 28 2015

Inhibition of Microvesiculation Sensitizes Prostate Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy and Reduces Docetaxel Dose Required to Limit Tumor Growth In Vivo
To see whether such drugs could be used at lower concentrations with the same efficacy, investigators showed that microvesiculation of prostate cancer cells could be inhibited pharmacologically with calpeptin and by siRNA. [Sci Rep] Full Article

The Inhibitory Effects of AR/miR-190a/YB-1 Negative Feedback Loop on Prostate Cancer and Underlying Mechanism
The authors first observed AR/miR-190a/YB-1 forms an auto-regulatory negative feedback loop in prostate cancer: miR-190a expression was down-regulated by AR activation; YB-1 functions are as an AR activator; miR-190a inhibited AR expression and transactivation through direct binding to 3′UTR of YB-1 gene. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Discovery of Potent 17β-Hydroxywithanolides for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer by High-Throughput Screening of a Natural Products Library for Androgen-Induced Gene Expression Inhibitors
Investigators demonstrated the successful application of a high-throughput gene-expression profiling assay directly targeting genes of the androgen receptor pathway to screen a natural products library leading to the identification of 17β-hydroxywithanolides 1-5 of which physachenolide D exhibited potent and selective in vitro activity against the prostate cell lines, LNCaP and PC-3. [J Med Chem] Abstract

PAX2 Promoted Prostate Cancer Cell Invasion through Transcriptional Regulation of HGF in an In Vitro Model
Using an in vitro invasion model, scientists found that paired box 2 (PAX2) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) promoted prostate cancer cell invasion in the same pathway. They found that PAX2 protein activated the HGF gene promoter through histone H3 acetylation and upregulated HGF gene expression. [Biochim Biophys Acta] Abstract

Hsa-miR-146a-5p Modulates Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells Apoptosis by Targeting ROCK1
Scientists demonstrated that microRNA (miR)-146a was down-regulated in androgen-independent prostate cancer (PC) tissues and cell lines compared to that in the androgen-dependent PC tissues. [Prostate] Abstract

The Transcription Factor ERG Increases Expression of Neurotransmitter Receptors on Prostate Cancer Cells
To investigate the role of ERG, LNCaP and PC3 cells were transfected with ERG and gene expression and metabolic profile were analyzed. [BMC Cancer] Full Article

Mitotic Arrest Induced in Human DU145 Prostate Cancer Cells in Response to KHC-4 Treatment
The antitumor activity of KHC-4 was analyzed using human prostate cancer (CaP) cells and the underlining anticancer mechanisms of KHC-4 were identified. KHC-4 inhibited cell proliferation and induced cytotoxicity in the castration-resistant CaP DU145 cell line. [Environ Toxicol] Abstract

Pristimerin Inhibits Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis by Targeting PC-3 Stem Cell Characteristics and VEGF-Induced Vasculogenesis of BM-EPCs
The effect of Pristimerin on PC-3 stem cell characteristics and metastasis were detected by spheroid formation, CD133 and CD44 protein expression, matrix-gel invasive assay and colony-formation assay in vitro, VEGF and pro-inflammatory cytokines expression by ELISA assay, and tumor tumorigenicity by X-ray and MR in NOD-SCID mice model in vivo. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article

A Role for the Dehydrogenase DHRS7 (SDR34C1) in Prostate Cancer
Researchers characterized the effects of siRNA-mediated DHRS7 knockdown on the properties of three distinct human prostate cell lines. The siRNA-mediated knockdown of DHRS7 expression in the human prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP, BPH1, and PC3 significantly increased cell proliferation in LNCaP cells as well as cell migration in all of the investigated cell lines. [Cancer Med] Full Article

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Phase Ib Placebo-Controlled, Tissue Biomarker Trial of Diindolylmethane (BR-DIMNG) in Patients with Prostate Cancer Who Are Undergoing Prostatectomy
Investigators performed a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 3,3′-diindolylmethane in patients diagnosed with prostate cancer and scheduled for radical prostatectomy. [Eur J Cancer Prev] Abstract

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Akron General McDowell Cancer Institute Chosen As Prostate Cancer Trial Site
The Akron General McDowell Cancer Institute will begin enrolling patients into a Phase II clinical trial to determine if treatment with dexamethasone followed by enzalutamide provides palliative benefit and objective response, in patients who have previously had disease progression after enzalutamide and docetaxel therapy. [Akron General McDowell Cancer Institute] Press Release

NantKwest Announces Prostate Cancer Foundation $1 Million Challenge Award to Study a Novel Natural Killer Cell Therapy in Prostate Cancer
NantKwest announced a $1 Million Challenge award from the Prostate Cancer Foundation to study NantKwest’s natural killer cell-based therapy as a novel therapeutic approach in advanced prostate cancer. [NantKwest] Press Release

NIH Awards Nearly $34 Million to UAB Center for Clinical and Translational Science
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has awarded the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Center for Clinical and Translational Science $33.59 million over four years to continue the center’s programs advancing translational research. [University of Alabama at Birmingham] Press Release

Winners Announced for Crowdsourcing and Data Sharing Competition to Drive Innovation in Prostate Cancer Research
Industry leaders in biomedical research, oncology data sharing and computational science announced the winners of an innovative research challenge for prostate cancer using previously unavailable clinical data. The Prostate Cancer DREAM Challenge is the first research challenge in prostate cancer to marry crowdsourcing with data sharing, paving a new way to tackle key research questions about metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. [DREAM Challenges Initiative (Business Wire)] Press Release

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NEW Postdoctoral Position – Drug Discovery and Action (University of Illinois)

Computational Biologist – Prostate Cancer (Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute)

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