Prostate Cell News Volume 6.34 | Sep 11 2015

Efficacious Delivery of Protein Drugs to Prostate Cancer Cells by PSMA-Targeted pH-Responsive Chimaeric Polymersomes
Scientists report that 2-[3-[5-amino-1-carboxypentyl]-ureido]-pentanedioic acid-decorated pH-responsive chimaeric polymersomes efficiently deliver therapeutic proteins into prostate cancer cells. The in vitro release results showed that protein release was markedly accelerated at mildly acidic pH due to the hydrolysis of acetal bonds in the vesicular membrane. [J Control Release] Abstract

3D Porous Chitosan-Alginate Scaffolds as an In Vitro Model for Evaluating Nanoparticle-Mediated Tumor Targeting and Gene Delivery to Prostate Cancer
The authors investigated if prostate cancer cells cultured in three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-alginate porous scaffolds could model cationic nanoparticle-mediated gene targeted delivery to tumors in vitro. [Biomacromolecules] Abstract

MicroRNA-195 Suppresses Tumor Cell Proliferation and Metastasis by Directly Targeting BCOX1 in Prostate Carcinoma
Forced expression of miR-195 in prostate cancer (PCa) cells drastically inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. BCOX1 was identified as a direct target of miR-195 in PCa, and was found to be drastically increased in metastatic PCa [J Exp Clin Cancer Res] Full Article

MicroRNA-195-5p, a New Regulator of Fra-1, Suppresses the Migration and Invasion of Prostate Cancer Cells
MicroRNA (miR)-195 was frequently down-regulated in both prostate cancer cell lines, DU145 and PC3. Overexpression of miR-195 significantly repressed the capability of migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells. [J Transl Med] Full Article

miR-378 Suppresses Prostate Cancer Cell Growth through Downregulation of MAPK1 In Vitro and In Vivo
Researchers evaluated the anti-proliferative role of microRNA (miR)-378 in prostate cancer. They found that the expression of miR-378 was significantly downregulated in clinical prostate cancer tissues. In vitro assay suggested that overexpression of miR-378-suppressed prostate cancer cell migration and invasion promoted cell apoptosis. [Tumor Biol] Abstract

The Bifunctional Autophagic Flux by 2-Deoxyglucose to Control Survival or Growth of Prostate Cancer Cells
Rapamycin and LC3B overexpressing vectors were administered to prostate cancer cells (PC3) cells for autophagy induction and chloroquine and shBeclin1 plasmid were used to inhibit autophagy in PC3 cells to analyze PC3 cells growth and survival. [BMC Cancer] Full Article

SILAC-Based Mass Spectrometry Analysis Reveals that Epibrassinolide Induces Apoptosis via Activating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Prostate Cancer Cells
The mechanism by which epibrassinolide exerts its effects on LNCaP is poorly understood. To address this gap in knowledge, researchers used an unbiased global proteomics approach, i.e., stable-isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC). [PLoS One] Full Article

KML001 Induces Apoptosis and Autophagic Cell Death in Prostate Cancer Cells via Oxidative Stress Pathway
The authors investigated the effects of KML001, an orally bioavailable arsenic compound, on the growth and death of human prostate cancer cells and its mechanism of action. [PLoS One] Full Article

Cigarette Smoke Modulates PC3 Prostate Cancer Cell Migration by Altering Adhesion Molecules and the Extracellular Matrix
The influence of cigarette smoke medium on cell migration and on the expression of extracellular matrix- and cell adhesion molecule-related genes in PC3 prostate adenocarcinoma cells was investigated. [Mol Med Rep] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Safety of Long-Term Denosumab Therapy: Results from the Open Label Extension Phase of Two Phase III Studies in Patients with Metastatic Breast and Prostate Cancer
Patients with metastatic breast or prostate cancer received subcutaneous denosumab 120 mg Q4W or intravenous zoledronic acid 4 mg Q4W in a double-blinded fashion. Denosumab demonstrated superior efficacy in the blinded treatment phase; thus, patients were offered open-label denosumab for up to an additional 2 years. [Support Care Cancer] Full Article

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Cancer Research UK and MedImmune Launch Ground-Breaking Biotherapeutics Research Center in Cambridge
A new laboratory that will focus on the discovery and development of novel biologic cancer treatments and diagnostics has been opened this week in Cambridge. The state-of-the-art CRUK-MEDI Alliance Laboratory is an innovative collaboration between Cancer Research UK, its commercial arm Cancer Research Technology, and MedImmune, the global biologics research and development arm of AstraZeneca. [Cancer Research UK] Press Release

Northwestern Receives $11.7 Million Grant to Improve Cancer Treatment
Northwestern University has received a five-year, $11.7 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to use nanotechnology to develop next-generation cancer treatments. They will work towards the common goal of developing SNA nanostructures poised to enter the clinic as revolutionary, cancer-killing agents to improve and save the lives of patients suffering from glioblastoma multiforme and prostate cancer, two of the most deadly forms of cancer. [Northwestern University] Press Release

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NEW Postdoctoral Positions – Stem Cell, Development and Cancer Biology (Columbia University Medical Center)

Researcher – Role of Inflammatory Factors in the Pathogenesis of Prostate Cancer (Università degli Studi di Roma)

Staff Scientist – Cancer Modeling (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Drug Discovery and Action (University of Illinois)

Bioinformatician (GenomeDx Biosciences)

Harry Eagle Scholar Awards for Postdoctoral Candidates (Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University)

Postdoctoral Positions – Cancer Research (Rutgers University)

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