Prostate Cell News Volume 7.42 | Nov 18 2016

TOP STORY

TET2 Binds the Androgen Receptor and Loss Is Associated with Prostate Cancer

Researchers identified six new prostate cancer risk variants in ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) introns 1 and 2, and showed that TET2 physically interacts with the androgen receptor (AR) and AR-coactivators PSPC1, NONO and SFPQ. [Oncogene] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

LABORATORY RESEARCH

miR-375 Induces Docetaxel Resistance in Prostate Cancer by Targeting SEC23A and YAP1

Treatment options for metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) are limited and typically are centered on docetaxel-based chemotherapy. Scientists previously reported that elevated miR-375 levels were significantly associated with poor overall survival of mCRPC patients. In this study, they evaluated if miR-375 induced chemo-resistance to docetaxel through regulating target genes associated with drug resistance. [Mol Cancer] Full Article

Synthesis and Pre-Clinical Evaluation of a New Class of High-Affinity ¹⁸F-Labeled PSMA Ligands for Detection of Prostate Cancer by PET Imaging

The authors synthesized six triazolylphenyl ureas and their alkyne precursors from the Glu-urea-Lys prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) binding moiety and they determined the PSMA affinity in a competitive binding assay using LNCaP cells. [Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging] Full Article

The Androgen-Induced Protein AIbZIP Facilitates Proliferation of Prostate Cancer Cells through Downregulation of p21 Expression

The authors investigated molecular mechanism of androgen-dependent expression of androgen-induced bZIP (AIbZIP) and its physiological function in prostate cancer cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Dormant Cancer Cells Accumulate High Protoporphyrin IX Levels and Are Sensitive to 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Based Photodynamic Therapy

Scientists created uniformly sized PC-3 prostate cancer spheroids using a 3D culture plate. They demonstrated that cancer cells exhibited dormancy in a cell density-dependent manner not only in spheroids but also in 2D culture. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Hypoxia Regulates ANXA1 Expression to Support Prostate Cancer Cell Invasion and Aggressiveness

The authors investigated the mechanisms by which Annexin A1 (ANXA1) regulates metastatic behavior in LNCaP, DU145 and PC3 cells exposed to hypoxia. [Cell Adh Migr] Abstract

Triptolide Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of Human Prostate Cancer Cells via Caveolin-1/CD147/MMPs Pathway

Researchers investigated the effect of triptolide on prostate cancer migration and invasion in PC3 and DU145 cells and underlying molecular mechanism. [Biomed Pharmacother] Abstract

NANOG Reprograms Prostate Cancer Cells to Castration Resistance via Dynamically Repressing and Engaging the AR/FOXA1 Signaling Axis

Researchers performed genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and transcriptome analyses in LNCaP cells—a well-differentiated prostate cancer cell line previously shown to harbor an androgen-independent, self-renewing, stem-like cell subset—modified to express a doxycycline-inducible NANOGP8 transgene. [Cell Discov] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

MPC1 and MPC2 Expressions Are Associated with Favorable Clinical Outcomes in Prostate Cancer

Investigators examined the expression of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1) and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 2 (MPC2) in LNCaP and DU145 prostate cancer cell lines by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting. [BMC Cancer] Abstract

Chromosomal Instability Estimation Based on Next Generation Sequencing and Single Cell Genome Wide Copy Number Variation Analysis

Scientists present an analytical validation of a single-circulating tumor cell (CTC) Copy Number Variation assay on the Epic Sciences CTC Platform and demonstrated its feasibility and clinical relevance in a small cohort of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer patient samples. [PLoS One] Full Article | Press Release

Androgen Synthesis in Prostate Cancer: Do All Roads Lead to Rome?

The authors describe the current understanding of androgen synthesis and the evidence for its role in castration resistance, and examine the evidence supporting and or rebutting the relevance of each pathway to patients with prostate cancer. [Nat Rev Urol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the prostate cell research field.

Liquid Biopsy Biomarker Identifies Patients with Improved Response to Parp Inhibition in Metastatic Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer

Epic Sciences announced findings demonstrating a circulating tumor cell biomarker can identify patients with metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer who are more likely to respond to treatment with a PARP inhibitor in combination with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSi) compared to those treated with ARSi alone. [Press release from Epic Sciences discussing research presented at the 2016 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

Marker for Aggressive Prostate Cancer Doubles-Up as a Drug Target

Researchers have discovered that a marker found on aggressive prostate cancer cells could also be used as a way to guide treatments to the cancer. The researchers attached the drug saporin to an antibody targeted against NAALADL2 to destroy prostate cancer cells in the lab. [Press release from Cancer Research UK discussing research presented at the Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) Cancer Conference, Liverpool] Press Release

UCI Prostate Cancer Project Awarded $1.2 Million by State Precision Medicine Initiative

University of California, Irvine (UCI) health policy researchers have been awarded $1.2 million by the California Initiative to Advance Precision Medicine to develop more effective ways for prostate cancer patients and their physicians to customize treatment. [University of California, Irvine] Press Release

GW Researchers Receive $2.2M Grant to Study HERV Expression in Cancer

George Washington University (GW) researchers received a $2.2 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to uncover why certain cancer types increase whereas others are unchanged or even decrease in those with HIV infection. [George Washington University] Press Release

Brazil’s Scientists Battle to Escape 20-Year Funding Freeze

Brazil’s science budget has shrunk by more than 40% in the past three years. But researchers are now trying to escape an even worse crisis: federal science spending could be frozen at its current low level for the next two decades, under a constitutional amendment to cap public spending to only inflation-level rises. [Nature News] Editorial

UK Politicians Demand Brexit Guarantee for EU Scientists

Ever since June’s Brexit referendum, scientists have fretted about the uncertainty caused for non-British EU nationals, who have been left unsure what their employment rights may be in a few years’ time. There are around 31,000 such researchers in the United Kingdom, according to a Royal Society estimate, and they make up about 15% of UK universities’ academic staff. [Nature News] Editorial

Canary Islands Scientists Up in Arms After Airlines Stop Shipping Research Animals

Two major airlines have stopped transporting laboratory animals from mainland Spain to the Canary Islands, an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean. Their move has put research projects on the islands on hold and has left scientists and politicians scrambling for solutions. The ban is particularly problematic for researchers who need transgenic mice, which are often ordered from specialized labs. [Science Insider] Editorial

EMA Revises Guideline on First-in-Human Trials

The European Medicines Agency (EMA), in cooperation with the European Commission and the EU member states, proposed revisions to its 2007 guideline on first-in-human clinical trials as part of an effort to further improve the safety of participants as trial protocols become increasingly complex. [Regulatory Affairs Professionals Society] Editorial | Guideline

Biomedical Research Leaders Urge Trump Administration to Quickly Appoint an NIH Director

A science star–studded group that including two former directors of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland, released a set of recommendations aimed at making NIH run better and offered advice on choosing an NIH director—ideally within Trump’s first 100 days in office. [Science Insider] Editorial

NEW Gordon Research Conference: Stem Cells & Cancer
February 12-17, 2017
Barga, Italy

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Research Fellow – Prostate Cancer Research (Queen’s University Belfast)

NEW Assistant Professor (Dartmouth College / Geisel School of Medicine)

NEW Faculty Position – Cancer Immunology (University of New Mexico)

NEW Postdoctoral Research Position – Prostate Cancer (University College Dublin)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellowship – Cancer Biology (The University of Maryland)

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Human Immunology (Inserm)

NEW Assistant, Associate or Full Professor – Cancer Biology (University of Pennsylvania)

NEW Assistant Professor – Molecular Medicine (University of Georgia)

NEW Postdoctoral Associate – Cancer Research (University of Minnesota)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Pharmacogenomics Prostate Cancer (Moffitt Cancer Center)

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