Prostate Cell News Volume 7.45 | Dec 9 2016

TOP STORY

RB Loss Promotes Prostate Cancer Metastasis

Researchers showed that RB loss in multiple murine models of cancer produces a pro-metastatic phenotype. Gene expression analyses showed that regulation of the cell motility receptor RHAMM by the RB/E2F pathway was critical for epithelia-mesenchyme translation, motility and invasion by cancer cells. [Cancer Res] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

LABORATORY RESEARCH

Inflammation-Induced Oxidative Stress Mediates Gene Fusion Formation in Prostate Cancer

The three-dimensional proximity of TMPRSS2 and ERG genes, in combination with DNA breaks, facilitates the formation of TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusions. However, the origins of DNA breaks that underlie gene fusion formation in prostate cancers are far from clear. Investigators demonstrate a role for inflammation-induced oxidative stress in the formation of DNA breaks leading to recurrent TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusions. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Low CD38 Identifies Progenitor-Like Inflammation-Associated Luminal Cells that Can Initiate Human Prostate Cancer and Predict Poor Outcome

The authors demonstrated that low expression of CD38 identifies a progenitor-like subset of luminal cells in the human prostate. CD38^lo luminal cells are enriched in glands adjacent to inflammatory cells and exhibit epithelial nuclear factor κB signaling. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Press Release | Graphical Abstract | Video

MALAT1 and HOTAIR Long Non-Coding RNAs Play Opposite Role in Estrogen-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation in Prostate Cancer Cells

Scientists investigated the involvement of selected cancer-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in estrogen receptor signaling. Their data provided evidence of a crosstalk between lncRNAs, estrogens and estrogen receptors in prostate cancer with important consequences on gene expression regulation. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Epigenetic CpG Methylation of the Promoter and Reactivation of the Expression of GSTP1 by Astaxanthin in Human Prostate LNCaP Cells

Researchers aimed to investigate the role of astaxanthin (AST) in reactivating the expression of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and GSTP1 through epigenetic modification in human prostate LNCaP cells. Treatment with AST in human LNCaP cells reduced the methylation of 21 CpG sites of the GSTP1 CpG island but did not affect the three CpG sites of the Nrf2 promoter region. [AAPS J] Abstract

Overexpression of SOX18 Promotes Prostate Cancer Progression via the Regulation of TCF1, C-Myc, Cyclin D1 and MMP-7

Researchers analyzed the expression of sex determining region Y-box 18 (SOX18) in 98 prostate cancer (PCa) and 81 adjacent non-tumor tissues using immunohistochemistry. The data showed that SOX18 was overexpressed in 72 of 98 PCa tissues compared with that in 28 of 81 non-tumor tissues. [Oncol Rep] Abstract

Gelsolin-Like Actin-Capping Protein Is Associated with Patient Prognosis, Cellular Apoptosis and Proliferation in Prostate Cancer

Researchers investigated the role of gelsolin-like actin-capping protein (CapG) in prostate cancer (PCa). CapG expression and its correlation with clinicopathological characters and patient prognosis were analyzed in 76 cases of PCa by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. Then, the influence of CapG downregulation on cell apoptosis and proliferation were assessed. [Biomark Med] Abstract

Biological Function and Mechanism of miR-33a in Prostate Cancer Survival and Metastasis: Via Downregulating Engrailed-2

The authors investigated the potential regulatory role of miR-33a on EN-2 expression and explore this signaling axis in ability of prostate cancer survival and metastasis. [Clin Transl Oncol] Abstract

Dietary Flavonoids Luteolin and Quercetin Suppressed Cancer Stem Cell Properties and Metastatic Potential of Isolated Prostate Cancer Cells

Using Du145-III as a model, the effects of dietary flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, were evaluated on stemness and invasion capacity of Du145-III cells in relation to JNK signaling pathway activation. [Anticancer Res] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Blood-Based and Urinary Prostate Cancer Biomarkers: A Review and Comparison of Novel Biomarkers for Detection and Treatment Decisions

The authors discuss new blood-based and urinary biomarker models that are promising for usage in prostate cancer detection, follow-up and treatment decision-making. These include Prostate Health Index, prostate cancer antigen 3, four-kallikrein panel, transmembrane protease serine 2-ERG, ExoDx Prostate Intelliscore, SelectMDx and the Mi-Prostate score. [Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis] Abstract

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AbbVie and Johns Hopkins to Collaborate on Cancer Research

AbbVie and the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine announced that they signed a five-year collaboration agreement with the goal of advancing medical oncology research and discovery at both organizations. The agreement will focus on several areas of oncology research, which could include lung, colorectal, breast, prostate and hematological cancer. [The Johns Hopkins University] Press Release

Astellas Renews Commitment with CUA-CUOG to Advance Uro-Oncology Research in Canada

Genitourinary cancer research in Canada will continue to receive funding thanks to the long-standing research collaboration between the Canadian Urological Association-Canadian Urologic Oncology Group (CUA-CUOG) and Astellas Pharma Canada, Inc. (Astellas). Astellas has pledged $450,000 over three years to extend their commitment to further Canadian investigators’ peer-reviewed research that promotes excellence in prostate cancer research, with the ultimate goal of improving patient care. [Astellas Pharma Inc.] Press Release

Senate Sends Massive Biomedical Innovation Bill to Obama for Signing

By a 94-to-five vote, the Senate approved the 21^st Century Cures Act, clearing the way for President Barack Obama to sign the measure into law. The massive bill dedicates $4.8 billion over the next decade to research initiatives at the National Institutes of Health and makes an array of changes at the Food and Drug Administration designed to speed the approval of new drugs and medical devices. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Controversial Impact Factor Gets a Heavyweight Rival

One of science’s most contentious metrics has a flashy new rival. Publishing giant Elsevier launched the CiteScore index to assess the quality of academic journals. Although the index ranks journals with a formula that largely mimics the influential Journal Impact Factor (JIF), it covers twice as many journals and its formula includes tweaks that produce some notably different results, including lower scores for some high-JIF journals. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Stem Cells in Drug Discovery
March 6-7, 2017
Cambridge, United Kingdom

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NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Prostate Cancer (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Prostate Carcinogenesis (The University of Alabama)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Prostate Cancer (Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Oncology (Institute of Oncology Research)

Faculty Position – Cancer Immunology (University of New Mexico School of Medicine)

Assistant Professor – Molecular Therapeutics of Cancer (Dartmouth College / Geisel School of Medicine)

Faculty Position – Cancer Immunology (University of New Mexico)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Cancer Biology (The University of Maryland)

Assistant, Associate or Full Professor – Cancer Biology (University of Pennsylvania)

Postdoctoral Associate – Cancer Research (University of Minnesota)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Pharmacogenomics Prostate Cancer (Moffitt Cancer Center)

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